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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Duplication-deficiency of the short arm of chromosome 8 following artificial insemination.

A chromosomally abnormal child with psychomotor retardation and multiple anomalies, including agenesis of the corpus callosum and cleft palate, was born following artificial insemination by donor. Chromosomal and conventional markers were used to ascertain paternity. Various banding techniques were employed to identify the origin of the extra chromosomal material as most likely a duplication-deficiency of the short arm of chromosome No. 8.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1975

[Influence of several weeks' treatment of male and female mice with saccharin, cyclamate or cyclohexylamine sulfate on fertility and dominant lethal effects (author's transl)].

The purpose of this investigation was to find out whether long-term treatment of male and female mice with saccharin sodium, sodium cyclamate or cyclohexylamine sulfate, would reduce fertility or induce dominant lethal mutations. Before mating, saccharin sodium or sodium cyclamate were added to the food in a concentration of 1%, while cyclohexylamine sulfate was added in a concentration of 0.11% for at least 10 weeks. This treatment corresponded, in the case of saccharin sodium and sodium cyclamate, to an active substance intake of approx. 2000 mg/kg per day and for cyclohexylamine sulfate to an intake of approx. 200 mg/kg per day (corresponding to approx. 136 mg cyclohexylamine per kilogram per day). These doses affected neither the females nor the males in respect of appearance, behaviour, and weight gain. The doses were also compatible with the normal fertility of the animals. Furthermore, in all cases the treatment did not cause a biologically important increase of pre-implantative and post-implantative losses. The dominant lethal tests did not indicate a mutagenic action of saccharin sodium or sodium cyclamate (1% in the food) and of cyclohexylamine sulfate (0.11% in the food) after 10 weeks' treatment of male and female mice. These results, obtained after long-term treatment, corresponded generally to the findin

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Urbish v. Lamm, 12 September 1988.

The plaintiffs brought an action to challenge the constitutionality of Colorado rules that allowed public funds to be used to pay for abortions 1) when the presence of medical conditions represents a serious and substantial threat to the life of the pregnant woman if the pregnancy continues to term and 2) when the presence of a lethal medical condition in the unborn child would result in the impending death of the unborn child at birth. The Court held that the second rule violated a provision of the state Constitution prohibiting the public funding of abortions except in narrowly defined circumstances where necessary to prevent the death of a pregnant woman. It also ruled, however, that the first rule did not violate the Constitution because of the presence of another rule that requires that before funds be used in this fashion every reasonable effort must be made to preserve the lives of the mother and child.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1999

Persistent neonatal Borna disease virus (BDV) infection of the brain causes chronic emotional abnormalities in adult rats.

Neonatal Borna disease virus (BDV) brain infection results in selective developmental damage to the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the cerebellum. When mature, neonatally BDV-infected rats show extreme locomotor hyperactivity and reduced freezing behavior in novel environments. Traditional interpretation of both of these behavioral abnormalities would suggest decreased anxiety in infected rats compared to normal animals. However, it also possible that the locomotor hyperactivity in infected rats reflects higher rather than reduced anxiety, and is the result of increased escape responses to aversive stimuli. The present experiments were undertaken to test a hypothesis about elevated anxiety in neonatally BDV-infected adult Lewis rats by studying their species-specific fear-related responses. Compared to normal subjects, BDV-infected rats exhibited locomotor hyperactivity and elevated defecation in a highly aversive, brightly lit open field. As expected, in a less aversive, dimly lit open field, uninfected controls increased ambulation, whereas infected rats significantly decreased locomotor activity and defecation. Unlike uninfected rats, BDV-infected rats exhibited an attenuated freezing response immediately after loud auditory stimuli. On the contrary, immediate freezing responses following footshock were comparable in the two groups of animals indicating an intact ability to freeze in BDV-infected rats. Despite a decreased baseline startle responsiveness, BDV-infected rats demonstrated increased sensitization of the startle response by preceding footshocks, suggesting a tendency toward elevated escape responses. Compared to normal subjects, BDV-infected rats showed decreased conditional freezing and elevated conditional defecation response in the context previously paired with aversive stimulation indicating sparing of an autonomic component of fear conditioning. The findings indicate that neonatally BDV-infected adult rats are hyperreactive to aversive stimuli, possibly as a result of chronic emotional abnormalities.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1980

Relevance of correlates of infant deaths for significant morbidity at 1 year of age.

This paper examines the issue of whether or not factors identified as risks for death in the first year of life also serve as risks for morbidity in surviving infants through data collected on 390,425 live births, 5,084 infant deaths, and 4,327 surviving 1-year-old children among singleton births in eight geographically defined regions in the United States. Factors which presented risks for neonatal death, such as advanced maternal age and maternal history of prior fetal loss, proved to present risks for congenital anomalies/severe developmental delay, whereas factors heavily influenced by environmental conditions, such as young maternal age and lower maternal educational attainment, were associated with higher postneonatal mortality rates and other significant illness, among both low-birth-weight and normal-birth-weight infants. The association of delivery by cesarean section with death and morbidity was also explored.

Adolescent↗