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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Impact of neoprene wetsuits on lung volumes and work of breathing: implications for military diver safety and performance.

INTRODUCTION: Neoprene wetsuits may impose mechanical constraints on the chest wall, potentially altering respiratory function. This study investigated the impact of neoprene wetsuits on lung volumes, airway mechanics, and work of breathing (WOB) in healthy male divers. METHODS: A randomised crossover trial was conducted with 31 male divers at the Royal Netherlands Navy Diving Medical Centre. Participants underwent pulmonary function testing, including spirometry, body plethysmography, the forced oscillation technique (FOT), and diffusion capacity measurements, both with and without a hoodless standardised 5 mm neoprene full body wetsuit with a neoprene neck seal. Primary outcomes included changes in forced vital capacity (FVC), functional residual capacity (FRC), airway resistance (Raw), reactance (Xrs), and WOB. RESULTS: Wearing a neoprene wetsuit led to statistically significant reductions in FVC (2.8%, P < 0.05), forced expiration in one second (2.9%, P < 0.05), FRC (4.0%, P < 0.05), and expiratory reserve volume (10.9%, P < 0.05), alongside increases in inspiratory capacity and tidal volume. Raw increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the FOT revealed altered airway mechanics, evidenced by increased Xrs at multiple frequencies (P < 0.05). Diffusion capacity remained unchanged, suggesting preserved alveolar-capillary function. CONCLUSIONS: Neoprene wetsuits induce mechanically restrictive effects on the chest wall, reducing static and dynamic lung volumes and increasing WOB. While these changes may not be clinically relevant at rest, their impact needs to be determined during strenuous or prolonged dives, particularly when combined with other equipment that limits thorax excursions. Future research should explore the effects of the military 5 mm wetsuit under immersed conditions to better understand their operational impact on diver performance and safety.

Male↗
PubMed1978

[A new method of pancreatic transplantation. 1 - Effects on the dog pancreas of the intraduct injection of neoprene (author's transl)].

Injection into the pancreatic ducts of a synthetic liquid gum (neoprene), which polymerises when it comes into contact with the fluid secreted by the gland, would appear to be a simple and effective means of suppressing exocrine secretion of the pancreas in the dog. Endocrine secretion was remained in the short and mid-term. The therapeutic implications of this new technique in the preparation of pancreatic transplants are discussed.

Amylases↗
PubMed1978

A new method of preparation of segmental pancreatic grafts for transplantation: trials in dogs and in man.

A new method of eliminating the exocrine function of the pancreas by obstruction of pancreatic duct with neoprene was investigated in dogs and applied to three cases of human segmental pancreatic transplantation. Neoprene is a liquid synthetic rubber which flocculates with changes in pH. In animals, progressive fibrosis of the pancreatic tissue occurs after injection of neoprene in the main pancreatic duct, leaving islets well vascularized and functioning for prolonged periods. Using this technique, three severely diabetic patients received a cadaver segmental pancreatic allograft. Blood sugar returned to normal levels within the first hours or days after operation. All three grafts continue to function 1.5, 2, and 8 months, respectively, following transplantation. If these results are confirmed by further clinical experience, this method may be of considerable assistance in the treatment of severe diabetes by pancreatic transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Suppression of the exocrine function as an aid to of segmental pancreatic transplantation in dogs.

The injection of neoprene into the pancreatic ducts appeared to be a simple and effective means of suppression of the pancreatic exocrine function in dogs. It was investigated in experiments performed in three groups of dogs the pancreas of which were injected with 1 to 6 ml of neoprene. In group I (injection alone), all animals showed pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, none was diabetic. In group II, the dogs received a substitutive treatment and a special diet, they survived in a good general condition up to the time of sacrifice. There was extensive pancreatic fibrosis with disseminated Langerhans islets. In group III, a cephalic pancreatectomy was performed after the injection of neoprene into the pancreatic ducts, 8 animals were alive and well after 3 to 15 months, and showed a normal level of blood sugar, insulin, glucagon and amylase without glycosuria.

Amylases↗
PubMed1979

Hen's eggs with retarded gas exchange. I. Chorioallantoic capillary growth.

The diffusing capacity of the hen's egg for carbon monoxide (D tau co) increases during incubation, reflecting the development of the chorioallantoic circulation. Previous work showed that the increase in D tau co could be diminished by incubating eggs in a 60% oxygen environment. The present work explored the effects of impeding gas exchange on the development of D tau co. Half the shell area was covered during incubation by a removable neoprene membrane which limited D tau co by approximately 20%. No difference could be detected between the D tau co values (measured with the membrane removed) of these eggs and control eggs incubated in the same 21% oxygen environment without a neoprene membrane. We conclude that the development of the chorioallantoic circulation is at its maximum under normal conditions of incubation and cannot be accelerated by restricting gas exchange.

Allantois↗
PubMed1976

Occupational eczema from para-tertiary-butylphenol formaldehyde resins: a review of the sensitizing resins.

The first case of allergy due to para-tertiary-butylphenol formaldehyde resins (PTBP resins) were found in 1958 in the shoe-making industry. These resins are found in certain neoprene adhesives. PTBP resin hypersensitivity may be due either to the para-tertiary-butylphenol, to the resin itself or less frequently to the formaldehyde. These resins may cause occupational allergy (in the automobile industry and chiefly in the shoe-making industry) and non-occupational allergy (footwear and clothing hypersensitivity). Patients allergic to PTBP resins have been found to show a cross-reaction to other resins such as Alresen PA 103, Schenectady SP 126 and Schenectady SP 154. The authors give a reference list of sensitizing neoprene adhesives and PTBP resins so that manufacturers can limit the use of these products as far as possible.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗
PubMed1975

Improved culture flask for obligate anaerobes.

An improved flask system for the growth of extremely oxygen-sensitive bacteria in liquid culture is described. The improvement described utilizes an all-glass, neoprene-stoppered flask designed for growth of 50- to 1,000-ml cultures of bacteria with continuous gassing.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Machine milking: experimental observations on the life of teat-cup liners.

The useful life of neoprene teat-cup liners used in milking machines was determined by physico-mechanical, optical and microbiological studies. The various tests showed that after more than 1,000 hrs' use, that is the milking time plus disinfection time, there were physico-mechanical and biological changes that could have an adverse effect on the health of the udder as a result of a loss of elasticity and a dissemination of mastitis-producing microorganisms (S. agalactiae, S. aureus) which settle in cracks in the surface of the rubber.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Transient unilateral blindness following general anaesthesia: case report.

A case is reported of transient unilateral blindness following general anaesthesia with a face mask. The most likely explanation for this is central retinal artery occlusion, either partial or complete, due to excessive pressure from the mask exerted on the globe. This pressure may be increased with the use of neoprene head straps as opposed to the more flexible and elastic rubber straps. Pressure from the strap over the carotid artery may be a factor in reducing the central retinal arterial pressure, thus making it more susceptible to occlusion by mask pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Submacular choroidal circulation.

A neoprene latex and pigment mixture was injected into the choroidal blood vessels of human cadaver eyes. When peripheral resistence was normal, a single arteriole filled a single lobule of the choriocapillaris drained by mulitple surrounding venules. The choridal veins interconnected and an increase in the peripheral resistance caused by elevation of the venous pressure resulted in filling of contiguous lobules in a retrograde manner through the venules that normally drain them.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Removable, conforming device for cooling the cortical surface.

A technique for cooling the cerebral cortex is described. It makes use of a neoprene bladder through which cold fluids is circulated. The flexible bladder is contained within a cylinder permanently attached to the skull. The bladder itself can be quickly installed and removed and conforms to the cortical surface with minimal pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Inadvertent contamination of anaesthetic circuits with halothane.

All halothane vaporizers tested for leakage when turned off, leaked significant amounts of halothane and this may represent a hazard to patients liable to develop halothane hepatitis or malignant hyperpyrexia. The hazard from leaking vaporizers may be reduced considerably by the use of well-designed bypass units. Circuit contamination by halothane may still result from such sources as neoprene seals around flowmeters, breathing bags and anaesthetic hose which have had previous contact with halothane vapour, whether or not an apparatus is in use. The hazard from contaminated hoses and bags may be reduced considerably by washing and then hanging in a halothane-free atmosphere for a day. The hazard from contamined rubber or plastic components of the anaesthetic machine can be eliminated only by using one apparatus without the vaporizers having been attached at any time during its working life. Similarly, hazards may arise from trichloroethylene vaporizers and from circuit components contaminated with trichloroethylene.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1975

Fate of labeled angiotensin II microinfused into individual nephrons in the rat.

14C-labeled angiotensin II ([14C]AII) and tritiated inulin ([3H]In) were infused into individual nephrons in Inactin-anesthetized rats and urinary excretion was measured. Site of infusion was identified by neoprene injection and microdissection. In other experiments with higher doses of [14C]AII, microperfused at 10-4-10-5 M (concentrations 10-5-10-6 higher than contained in plasma), [14C]AII and its urinary metabolites were identified and quantified by two-dimensional peptide mapping. Recovery of 14C was 10.9% when proximal tubules were infused and 94.8% when distal tubules were infused. There was no correlation with tubular length in either case. For proximal tubules, two-thirds of the 11% recovered from urine appeared as peptide fragments of AII. With distal tubules almost all 14C activity appeared as intact AII. The principal metabolic product recovered from urine after proximal injection was the chymotryptic peptide, and its recovery was inversely related to tubular length. It is suggested that rapid removal of [14C]AII by proximal tubular cells occurs by enzymatic cleavage at the luminal surface with reabsorption of most of the products and excretion of the remainder

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1978

[A new method of pancreatic transplantation. II. Double renal and pancreatic transplantation in a diabetic with renal failure (author's transl)].

A 41-year-old man who had suffered from insulin-dependent diabetes since the age of twenty and who had severe degenerative complications with chronic renal failure, underwent pancreatic transplantation. The graft was prepared by intraduct injection of neoprene in order to suppress the exocrine function of the gland. It was situated in the iliac fossa and has ensured the complete correction of diabetes for more than 10 months. This favourable situation made it possible to carry out a renal transplant which could not have been envisaged previously in this patient with very unstable and progressive diabetes who was dialysed under very difficult conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Construction and operation of an anaerobic glove box (author's transl)].

Construction and operation of an anaerobic glove box is described mainly built of commercially available material. The box is made of refined steel and has the dimensions of 150 cm in length, 62 cm in height and 68 cm in depth. It is equipped with one round vacuum tight steel airlock for transfer of material. Three Neopren gloves and an oblique glass window are installed into the frontside. The anaerobic box is continuously perfused by 35 l/h of O2-free gas. In the box the atmosphere is whirled round by a fan and hereby led over a layer of catalyst. The O2-content of the anaerobic atmosphere is less than 1 ppm-3 ppm to 4 ppm on a yearly average - measured by an oxygen trace analysor. All bacteriological work as cultivation and isolation of strictly anaerobic bacteria can be done within a continuous O2-free atmosphere by conventional technics. The anaerobic glove box described was used for three years without any failure. In glove boxes built in the same manner as above mentioned similar O2-values will be achievable.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1979

Cold water survival suits for aircrew.

Laboratory and sea trials were used to compare the effectiveness of three aircrew exposure garments--the British Mark 10, the United States CWU 21/P, and the Canadian U.VIC. Thermofloat jacket. The first two are waterproof coveralls, whereas the third is a neoprene-lined jacket designed on the basis of the "wet suit" concept. Rectal and skin temperatures, electrocardiograms and other variables were measured while subjects, wearing the suits, were immersed in water at temperatures of 70 degrees C and 10.5 degrees C. The three garments were found to be similar in the degree of thermal protection provided, but the Thermofloat jacket appeared superior in other ways and has the greater potential for development. A previously unreported observation was a marked reduction in core cooling rate after the expected linear fall in core temperature. This has possible implications in the conduct of research in this field.

Adult↗