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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1980

Indirect ophthalmodynamometry: its comparison with direct ophthalmodynamometry in the detection of carotid artery occlusive disease.

A comparison of results obtained by direct and indirect methods of ophthalmodynamometry on nine patients indicates that the indirect method provides dependable results. In some eyes, only the indirect method is possible. As with direct ophthalmodynamometry, a difference of 20% or greater between the two eyes suggests carotid insufficiency on the side of the eye with the lower pressure.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗

PubMed1993

Differential effects of compression and suction ophthalmodynamometry on the scotopic blue-flash electroretinogram.

Several studies have investigated the effect of elevated intraocular pressure with reduced ocular perfusion pressure on visual neural function by means of compression and suction ophthalmodynamometry. We compared the effects of nominally equivalent reductions in the ocular perfusion pressure induced by compression and suction ophthalmodynamometry retinal function as measured by flash electroretinography. Scotopic blue-flash electroretinograms were recorded in five subjects for baseline conditions; during a 40% reduction in the ocular perfusion pressure effected in a first test session by compression ophthalmodynamometry; and then in a second test session some 4 hours later by suction ophthalmodynamometry. Fifteen consecutive electroretinographic sets were recorded during scleral compression or suction, and also after compression or suction was removed. Compression and suction ophthalmodynamometry decreased the electroretinogram b-wave to different degrees; overall, the electroretinogram was attenuated more by compression than by suction ophthalmodynamometry. In the recovery phase, the group averaged b-wave quickly increased to exceed baseline after both scleral compression and suction. The trends for prolonged implicit times over the duration of the study were similar for compression and suction ophthalmodynamometry.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Ophthalmodynamometry and ocular pneumoplethysmography for detection of carotid occlusive disease.

The accuracy of ophthalmodynamometry and ocular pneumoplethysmography for predicting pressure-significant lesions of the internal carotid system was compared in a series of 119 consecutive patients (210 arteries) having cerebral angiography. Overall accuracy (92.5%) for ocular pneumoplethysmography was significantly better than that for ophthalmodynamometry (76%). The difference was most apparent in predicting abnormality (85% for ocular pneumoplethysmography and 49% for ophthalmodynamometry), particularly for bilateral lesions (80% for ocular pneumoplethysmography and 37% for ophthalmodynamometry). There were few false-positive results with either test.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗

PubMed1983

Ophthalmodynamometry revisited.

Ophthalmodynamometry was performed on 100 patients with amaurosis fugax or transient cerebral ischemic attacks to determine its value in identifying significant (over 50%) carotid stenosis as verified by angiography. Of three criteria for an abnormal result of ophthalmodynamometry a corrected systolic pressure of 70 mm Hg or less had the highest sensitivity (95%) and overall accuracy (88%) in identifying significant carotid stenosis. However, with the use of all three criteria, only one of which had to be met in an individual case, ophthalmodynamometry still identified significant carotid obstruction with 80% sensitivity, 78% accuracy and a false-positive rate of 25%. Thus, ophthalmodynamometry appears to be just as useful as any of the more expensive and complicated noninvasive tests for carotid stenosis currently available.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Ophthalmodynamometry. The technique, and its use in the detection of carotid artery occlusive disease.

Carotid artery insufficiency is a major cause of cerebral stroke today. Ophthalmodynamometry is a procedure which measures the relative ophthalmic artery pressures between the two eyes, and is an important instrument in the detection of carotid artery insufficiency. The procedure for performing ophthalmodynamometry is detailed, and the significance of these findings is discussed. Specific indications for performing ophthalmodynamometry are presented. Finally, several complementary tests are discussed for the evaluation of patients with suspected carotid problems.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1980

Ophthalmodynamography and ophthalmodynamometry in neurological practice.

Inventarisation of atraumatic methods of analysing the circulation in the carotid region shows that they generally can be classified as physiological or anatomical. Physiological methods focus on blood circulation time or on the pulsating changes in blood pressure, blood velocity, blood vessel diameter and cerebral volume. In this study the reliability of two pressure-dependent methods, namely ophthalmodynamography and ophthalmodynamometry, for the detection of haemodynamically significant carotid stenosis is established. Correct results were found in 78--82% of cases. Ophthalmodynamography, and the advantage of combining this method with ophthalmodynamometry, are more extensively investigated. Although in recent years attention has been focussed on the study of the blood velocity pulsations with the Doppler technique, maximal diagnostic efficacy can be expected from a combination of pressure and flow wave studies. A way to compare all the information contained in the curves can be found in the technique of Fourier analysis. The results obtained by Fourier analysis of the ophthalmodynamographic curves are presented.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

[Ear to retina time and ophthalmodynamometry after ligation of the common carotid artery in rabbits (author's transl)].

Unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery was performed in rabbits. Before ligation, immediately thereafter, and 6 weeks later the ophthalmic artery pressure was determined and at the same time a synchronous measurement of the ear to retina time was done on both sides. The results were statistically analyzed (Tables 1-4). Ligation of the right common carotid artery resulted in a highly significant difference in systolic ophthalmic artery pressure between the two eyes of 16.4 mm Hg, and in diastolic pressure one of 13.0 mm Hg. After ligation of the left similar pressure differences of (systolic) 17.8 mm Hg and (diastolic) 15.2 mm Hg were shown. During the following 6 weeks these differences decreased considerably, to 41.5% and 29.2% after ligation on the right and to 33.5% and 36.6% after ligation on the left. The ear to retina time was markedly prolonged on the side of the ligation. This resulted in a highly significant side difference of 0.42 s immediately after ligation on the right common carotid artery and 0.4 s immediately after ligation on the left side. After 6 weeks these differences were only slightly reduced, to 80% and 72.7% respectively. These animal experiments demonstrate clearly that an acute occlusion of one common carotid artery in rabbits can easily be diagnosed by ophthalmodynamometry as well as by synchronous measurement of the ear to retina time. In chronic occlusions determination of the ear to retina time is superior to pressure measurement. This is of particular interest since in these experiments an ophthalmodynamometric method was used that is much superior to the clinical method of ophthalmodynamometry.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Ophthalmodynamometry: a reliable method for measuring intracranial pressure.

Under physiological conditions, the pressure in the central retinal vein is equal to or higher than the intracranial pressure (ICP) because the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) passes the sheath of the optic nerve before draining into the cavernous sinus. The optic nerve sheath is where the ICP affects the retinal venous pressure. Ophthalmodynamometry (ODM) is a useful method for determining the central retinal artery pressure. While papilledema and a lack of venous pulsations are commonly used as a vague indication of the ICP, ODM may be advantageous for determining the pressure in the central retinal vein. Until now, however, the venous pressure has never been compared with the intracranial pressure. In the present study, the pressure in the central retinal vein was recorded in 31 patients while the ICP was simultaneously being recorded for various reasons. The results demonstrate a linear correlation (r = 0.968) between the pressure in the central retinal vein and the ICP. This correlation is of great practical value since until now, reliable intracranial pressure monitoring has only been possible by invasive means, by placing a probe either in the brain parenchyma or the ventricle. Ophthalmodynamometry is useful for momentary assessment of the ICP, can easily be repeated, and may be used whenever an elevated ICP is suspected in hydrocephalus, brain tumors and after head injury. However, it is not suitable for continuous ICP monitoring.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Ophthalmodynamometry and corticosteroids in central retinal vein occlusion.

PURPOSE: This is the first report of the monitoring of the clinical progress of a central retinal vein occlusion by measuring the retinal venous collapse pressure using ophthalmodynamometry. METHOD: A 38-year-old woman with a nonischaemic central retinal vein occlusion received systemic prednisone. The dose of prednisone was increased and decreased both abruptly and gradually. The response was monitored by weekly measurements of visual acuity, retinal appearance and retinal venous collapse pressure. The retinal appearance was assessed by comparison of repeated stereo colour photographs and fluorescein angiographs. Retinal venous collapse pressure was estimated by taking the mean of four or more ophthalmodynamometric measurements. RESULTS: An inverse relationship between the ophthalmodynamometric retinal venous collapse pressure and systemic prednisone dosage was observed. The visual acuity and retinal appearance remained unchanged throughout the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Ophthalmodynamometry in this case was a useful method of quantitatively monitoring the response of central retinal vein occlusion to systemic prednisone. The response would not have been detected if only visual acuity and retinal appearance were used to monitor the progress.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Relation between pressure determined by ophthalmodynamometry and aortic pressure in the dog.

AIMS: Ophthalmodynamometry has been used extensively since the last century; however, controversy surrounds what it actually measures. This study was set up to determine the relation between ophthalmodynamometric (ODP) and systemic blood pressures. METHODS: Aortic pressure was continuously monitored and altered by phlebotomy in six anaesthetised dogs, while ophthalmodynamometry was performed, by directly altering intraocular pressure. Maxillary artery pressure was monitored in two animals. All pressure transducers were zeroed at eye level. RESULTS: Mean ODP was 96.6% (1.6%) (95% confidence interval, n = 49) of aortic pressure. Mean maxillary artery pressure was 95.7% (5.5%) (95% CI, n = 16) of aortic pressure. ODP was 1.9 (0.6) mm Hg (95% CI, n = 33) higher than maxillary artery pressures. CONCLUSION: ODP was only slightly below aortic pressure and not significantly different from maxillary artery pressure, the analogue of the internal carotid artery in humans. These results also suggest a retinal artery collapse pressure of at least 1.9 mm Hg.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical-angiographic correlation of ophthalmodynamometry in patients with suspected carotid artery disease: a prospective study.

A prospective, clinical study was performed on patients with suspected carotid artery disease to compare the accuracy of compression and suction ophthalmodynamometry with carotid artery stenosis as determined by arteriography. Results were analyzed with respect to current criteria for classification and determination of "significant" carotid artery disease. Although our results suggest that the best correlation for both procedures with arteriography is a ratio of the corrected intraocular pressure to the systolic brachial blood pressure, these results were not statistically improved over those obtained using uncorrected systolic or diastolic values. Both suction and compression ophthalmodynamometry are equally accurate with levels approaching 80 percent; however, neither test is sensitive enough to be used alone as a screening technique. Arteriography remains the best procedure for the determination of carotid artery disease.

Carotid Arteries↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ocular pneumoplethysmography and ophthalmodynamometry in the diagnosis of central retinal artery occlusion.

Ocular pneumoplethysmography and ophthalmodynamometry measure ophthalmic arterial system pressures to assess noninvasively the hemodynamics of the carotid system. A previously unreported circumstance in which these tests complement one another is central retinal artery occlusion. Typically, the ipsilateral retinal artery pressure, measured by ophthalmodynamometry, is greatly decreased or is zero, whereas the ophthalmic systolic pressure, measured by ocular pneumoplethysmography, is normal.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bruits, ophthalmodynamometry and rectilinear scanning on transient ischemic attacks.

One hundred seventeen patients with clinical signs and symptoms of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) were evaluated. All underwent clinical evaluation for bruit, ophthalmodynamometry, rapid sequence scintiphotography with rectilinear scanning and four-vessel cerebral angiography. The results of these tests were compared for reliability in predicting location of lesions causing transient ischemic attacks. Angiography remains the most accurate procedure in evaluating extracranial vascular lesions. When determination of bruits, ophthalmodynamometry and brain scanning are done together, accuracy is greater than when any one of the procedures is done alone.

Auscultation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative study of ophthalmodynamometry in hypertensive and non-hypertensive cases.

Ophthalmodynamometry was done on 100 hypertensive cases and 100 non-hypertensive cases who had clear media and no glaucoma. The ratio of the pressure mean ophthalmic: pressure mean brachial in the non-hypertensive group was 0.71:1.0, which rose to 0.78:1.0 in the hypertensive group. The ophthalmic humeral diastolic ratio increased with the severity of fundus changes. The pressure mean ophthalmic showed higher values with increasing grades of fundus changes. Those cases having a pressure mean opthalmic higher than the expected value in the hypertensive group as compared to the cases having a pressure mean ophthalmic lower than the expected value, were at a greater risk or had a graver prognosis. The importance of ophthalmodynamometry is stressed for the prognosis of hypertension along with the fundus examination.

Blood Pressure↗

PubMed1981

Clinical-angiographic correlation of ophthalmodynamometry in suspected carotid artery disease. Prospective study.

A prospective, clinical study of patients with suspected carotid artery disease compared the accuracy of compression and suction ophthalmodynamometry (ODM) with carotid artery stenosis determined by arteriography. Results were analyzed with respect to current criteria for classification and determination of "substantial" carotid artery disease. The best correlation for both procedures with arteriography was a ratio of the corrected intraocular pressure to the systolic brachial pressure. Both suction and compression ODM findings are equally accurate, with levels approaching 80%; however, neither test is sensitive enough to be used alone as a screening technique. Arteriography remains the best procedure for the determination of carotid artery disease.

Angiography↗

PubMed1976

[The accuracy of ophthalmodynamometry in the diagnosis of occlusions of the carotid artery (author's transl)].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ophthalmodynamometry in cases of occlusion of the internal carotid artery. Among the 29 patients examined with ODM there were 12 cases of such an occlusion, which were unknown to the ophthalmological examiner. All of them could be diagnosed exactly. When by means of ODM an occlusion in the region of the common or internal carotid was excluded the result was equally accurate. A decrease in ophthalmic blood pressure by 15% or a side difference of the same degree indicated in 80% of the cases an occlusion of the internal carotid. The ODM seems, therefore, to be a suitable test for finding or excluding such an occlusion.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Ophthalmodynamometry. A reliable procedure for noninvasive determination of intracranial pressure].

BACKGROUND: Central vein pressure depends on intracranial pressure (ICP). Baurmann in 1925 therefore recommended measuring central vein pressure to determine ICP, but the accuracy of this method has not yet been verified. To test the method we measured venous outflow pressure (VOP) by noninvasive ophthalmodynamometry (ODM). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We studied 31 patients with suspected increased ICP. ICP was recorded continuously for a minimum of 24 h by intraventricular catheters, and ODM was performed during ICP measurement. The findings were compared with the results of conventional invasive ICP measurement. RESULTS: Pressure in the central retinal vein was highly correlated with ICP. CONCLUSION: Measuring VOP by ODM seems to be a reliable method for noninvasive recording of ICP. It is a useful screening test in all cases of presumed ICP elevation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Suction ophthalmodynamometry in the diagnosis of carotid stenosis.

In a prospective evaluation of 39 patients who had arteriography for suspected carotid stenosis, suction ophthalmodynamometry correctly identified 86% of the patients who had radiographically demonstrable unilateral or asymmetric obstructions. This compares favorably with carotid compression tonography, oculoplethysmography, and Doppler flow studies. The false-positive rate was 27%, a figure higher than the latter two noninvasive tests.

Carotid Arteries↗