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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Dietary Laver Intake and Risk of Incident Abdominal Obesity Among Korean Adults: An 18-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

Background/Objectives: Abdominal obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Laver (Porphyra spp.), a seaweed commonly consumed in Korea, contains dietary fiber and bioactive compounds that may help reduce abdominal fat accumulation. This study aimed to investigate the association between laver intake and the incidence of abdominal obesity in Korean adults. Methods: Data from 5457 adults aged 40-69 years who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were analyzed. Laver intake was assessed at baseline using a validated 103-item food frequency questionnaire. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference of ≥90 cm in men and ≥85 cm in women. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: During 18 years of follow-up, 1202 men (39.4%) and 1117 women (46.4%) developed abdominal obesity. A higher laver intake was significantly associated with a lower risk of abdominal obesity in both sexes. Compared with participants in the lowest category of laver intake, those in the highest category had a 28% lower risk among men (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.58-0.89; p for trend = 0.0099) and a 33% lower risk among women (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.54-0.84; p for trend = 0.0005). These associations remained significant after additional adjustment for overall diet quality. Conclusions: Higher habitual laver intake was associated with a lower risk of incident abdominal obesity in Korean adults. Further prospective and intervention studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Humans↗
PubMed2025

Interaction between toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism and abdominal obesity on ovarian cancer risk in Chinese women.

OBJECTIVES: the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of TLR4 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and additional TLR4 gene SNP- SNP and SNP- abdominal obesity (AO) interaction on ovarian cancer (OC) risk. METHODS: Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction method were utilized to identify the most informative interactions between four SNPs in the TLR4 gene and abdominal obesity. Logistic regression was employed to investigate the association between 4 SNPs within TLR4 gene and OC risk, and additional SNP- SNP and gene- AO interaction on OC risk, ORs (95%CI) were calculated. RESULTS: The analysis of logistic regression indicated a markedly elevated risk of OC in individuals carrying either the rs4986790-G or rs11536889-C alleles in the TLR4 gene compared to those with the standard genetic variations, adjusted ORs (95%CI) were 1.61 (1.28-1.96) and 1.48 (1.09-1.91). GMDR analysis indicated a significant two-locus model (p = 0.018) involving rs4986790 and rs11536889, and a significant two-locus model (p = 0.001) involving rs4986790 and AO. Participants with rs4986790- AG/GG and rs11536889GC/ CC genotype has the highest OC risk, compared to participants with rs4986790-AA and rs11536889-GG genotype, OR (95%CI) = 2.58 (1.46-3.71), and abdominal obese participants with rs4986790- AG/GG genotype have the highest OC risk, compared to non- abdominal obese participants with rs4986790-AA genotype, OR (95%CI) = 3.17 (1.78-4.58). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggested that TLR4 gene rs4986790 and rs11536889 polymorphisms were associated with increased OC risk. Significant interaction also existed between rs4986790 and AO, which means that the WC levels may influence the impact of rs4986790 on OC risk.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

The relationships between figure rating scale, anthropometric measures, and cardiometabolic outcomes: the AADM study.

INTRODUCTION: Direct measurement of anthropometrics can be impractical in research. Validated Figure Rating Scales (FRS) offer an alternative, but their validity across populations remains limited. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the relationships between figure rating scale (FRS) and anthropometric measures (body mass index (BMI); waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)) and to specifically evaluate FRS at the time of enrollment and lifetime body size, an FRS-derived score as risk factors for cardiometabolic traits including type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: Participants consisted of 650 adults from the America Africa Diabetes Mellitus study. Kendall's tau coefficient (&#x3c4;) was used to analyze correlations between FRS at the time of enrollment, overall obesity, and abdominal obesity. Regression models were used to evaluate FRS at the time of enrollment and lifetime body size as risk factors for T2D, and related traits. RESULTS: BMI and WHR increased monotonically with increasing body size. FRS at the time of enrollment showed a stronger correlation with BMI (&#x3c4;&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.48, p&#x202f;<&#x202f;0.0001) than with WHR (&#x3c4;&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.17, p&#x202f;<&#x202f;0.0001) in women. Lifetime body size was significantly associated with T2D (OR&#x202f;=&#x202f;1.044, 95% Confidence Limit: [1.006, 1.08]; both FRS at the time of enrollment and lifetime body size were associated with insulin resistance. Diastolic blood pressure was associated with FRS at the time of enrollment. CONCLUSIONS: FRS at the time of enrollment is significantly associated with BMI and WHR in this population and lifetime body size, a novel composite score, shows promising utility as a predictor of T2D.

Humans↗
PubMed2025

Interaction of genetics risk score and fatty acids quality indices on healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotype.

BACKGROUND: The growth in obesity and rates of abdominal obesity in developing countries is due to the dietary transition, meaning a shift from traditional, fiber-rich diets to Westernized diets high in processed foods, sugars, and unhealthy fats. Environmental changes, such as improving the quality of dietary fat consumed, may be useful in preventing or mitigating the obesity or unhealthy obesity phenotype in individuals with a genetic predisposition, although this has not yet been confirmed. Therefore, in this study, we investigated how dietary fat quality indices with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) based on the Karelis criterion interact with genetic susceptibility in Iranian female adults. METHODS: In the current cross-sectional study, 279 women with overweight or obesity participated. Dietary intake was assessed using a 147-item food frequency questionnaire and dietary fat quality was assessed using the cholesterol-saturated fat index (CSI) and the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 (N6/N3) essential fatty acids. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms-MC4R (rs17782313), CAV-1 (rs3807992), and Cry-1(rs2287161) were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique and were combined to produce the genetic risk score (GRS). Body composition was evaluated using a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Participants were divided into MHO or MUO phenotypes after the metabolic risk assessment based on the Karelis criteria. RESULTS: We found significant interactions between GRS and N6/N3 in the adjusted model controlling for confounding factors (age, body mass index, energy, and physical activity) (&#x3b2;&#x2009;=&#x2009;2.26, 95% CI: 0.008 to 4.52, P&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.049). In addition, we discovered marginally significant interactions between GRS and N6/N3 in crude (&#x3b2;&#x2009;=&#x2009;1.92, 95% CI: -0.06 to 3.91, P&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.058) and adjusted (age and energy) (&#x3b2;&#x2009;=&#x2009;2.00, 95% CI: -0.05 to 4.05, P&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.057) models on the MUH obesity phenotype. However, no significant interactions between GRS and CSI were shown in both crude and adjusted models. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of personalized nutrition and recommends further study of widely varying fat intake based on the findings on gene-N6/N3 PUFA interactions.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

The association between normalized creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio and incident circadian syndrome in middle-aged and older adults: a national cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between the normalized creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio (NCCR) and Circadian Syndrome (CircS) in the general population remains scarce. This study aimed to investigate this relationship using data from middle-aged and elderly participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 5,981 participants (2011 wave) and a prospective cohort analysis of 2,053 participants (2015 wave, median follow-up 4.0&#x2009;years). CircS was defined as a cluster including elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, depression, and abnormal sleep duration. RESULTS: During follow-up, 552 participants developed incident CircS. A significant inverse association was observed: the risk of new-onset CircS progressively decreased with higher baseline NCCR levels. After adjusting for multiple confounders, each standard deviation increase in NCCR was associated with a 40% reduced odds of CircS (adjusted odds ratio&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.48 to 0.75). Subgroup and dose-response analyses confirmed the robustness of this inverse relationship. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, a lower NCCR is independently associated with an elevated risk of developing CircS. These findings support NCCR's role as a practical serum indicator of sarcopenia and implicate muscle loss as a potentially key underlying pathway in the pathogenesis of Circadian Syndrome.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[Influence of body position on human gas exchanges. Role of age (author's transl)].

We measured blood gases, steady state diffusing lung capacity, global and partial lung ductances in 16 subjects aged from 20 to 63 in supine and seated position. We obtained three types of response. In group I, (n = 6) blood gases and TLCO increased probably chiefly due to an increase of perfusion of lung apices and a more even distribution of regional VA/Q (all these subjects are young and thin). In group II, (n = 4) blood gases and TLCO decreased probably due to a ventilation at closing volume level with a decrease of ventilation in the dependent parts of the lung (2 subjects with abdominal obesity and a third who is the oldest one). In group III (n = 7), PaO2 decreased but DLCO increased. Probably ventilation took a slight place in closing volume. The increase of the exchange surface area is likely to be unable to compensate the arterial hypoxemia induced by the low VA/Q in the dependent parts of the lung. Influence of body position seems to be a function of age which increases closing volume.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A new concept of the aetiology and surgical repair of paraumbilical and epigastric hernias.

The aetiological factors concerned in the production of paraumbilical and epigastric hernias have been reviewed along structural--functional lines. A positive relation between the aponeurotic pattern and herniation was demonstrable at operation in 25 patients with paraumbilical or epigastric hernias. The effect of abdominal distension, obesity, and straining are discussed. A new type of surgical repair planned on this basis is described. The preliminary results obtained with this technique are reported, with a discussion of other previously described types of surgery.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1979

Serum activity of ornithine carbamoyl transferase in patients operated with jejunoileal bypass for extreme obesity after pretreatment with aminoacids.

Increased blood level of the liver specific enzyme ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCT) is known to be a sensitive indicator of liver cell damage. The effect of preoperative aminoacid infusion to obese patients before jejunoileal bypass due to obesity was studied in 7 patients. They had a significantly lower rise on OCT than eight patients receiving only 5.5% glucose. The result seems to indicate that the liver in an obese patient undergoing abdominal surgery is protected against damage by an infusion of aminoacids.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Type V hyperlipoproteinaemia re-visted: findings in a sydney population.

The clinical and biochemical features of eleven patients with Type V hyperlipoproteinaemia have been reviewed. All patients were male, and there was a high incidence in the group of obesity, vascular disease, acute abdominal pain, gout, diabetes mellitus and alcoholism. Plasma cholesterol concentrations ranged from 212 to 1512 mg/100ml and triglycerides from 708 to 7670 mg/100 ml. Lipaemia was associated with significant hyponatraemia, and also interfered with the determination of plasma glucose and serum amylase. Chylomicronaemia and hyperprebetalipoproteinaemia were accompanied by reduction in the pools of beta and alpha lipoproteins. All lipoprotein classes were relatively depleted of cholesterol compared to triglyceride. There was a variable pattern of treatment response. In some patients alcohol withdrawal produced a rapid improvement in plasma lipids. In diabetes mellitus there were two types of response: a rapid one in chronic insulin deficiency, and secondly, a more gradual one in mild diabetes associated with hyperinsulinaemia. In other patients there was a rapid response to carbohydrate-calorie restriction but the respective contributions of each of the steps remained unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Exerkine dysregulation links visceral adiposity to skeletal muscle impairment in end-stage heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: proteomic evidence for a cardio-adipose-muscle axis.

BACKGROUND: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with profound alterations in body composition, skeletal muscle dysfunction, and impaired exercise capacity. Exerkines representing exercise-responsive signaling molecules released by skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and other organs may mediate systemic metabolic communication between tissues. However, their role in advanced HFrEF and their relationship with adiposity and skeletal muscle characteristics remain poorly understood. METHODS: We studied 73 patients with end-stage HFrEF and 16 healthy controls. Body composition was assessed using computed tomography, including visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SAT), and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), as well as skeletal muscle quantity (psoas muscle index, PMI) and quality (psoas muscle density, PMD). Functional performance was evaluated using handgrip strength (HGT) and the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Circulating exerkines were quantified using the Olink technology. Associations between proteins and clinical variables were assessed using age- and creatinine-adjusted linear models with false discovery rate correction. RESULTS: Among patients with HFrEF, 36% were obese and 38% exhibited central obesity independent of BMI. Muscle strength and muscle quality were strongly associated with functional capacity. VAT correlated with muscle mass but not with muscle quality or performance. Compared with controls, HFrEF patients demonstrated elevated inflammatory and metabolic stress-related exerkines including CXCL8, CCL2, IL-6, TNF, IL-15, GDF15, FGF21, ANGPTL4, CTSB, DCN, and resistin. In contrast, proteins associated with muscle integrity and regenerative signaling (myostatin, BDNF, IL-7, SPARC) were significantly reduced. In HFrEF patients leptin strongly correlated with adiposity measures. Metabolic stress mediators (GDF15, IL-15, FGF21, CTSB) were inversely associated with muscle quality and functional performance, whereas myostatin positively correlated with muscle quality, strength, and exercise capacity. BDNF was inversely associated with frailty. CONCLUSIONS: Advanced HFrEF is characterized by a dysregulated exerkine network linking adiposity, skeletal muscle quality, and functional performance. Four biologically coherent axes were identified: a leptin-driven adiposity axis, a metabolic stress-muscle quality axis, a myostatin-related muscle function axis, and a neurotrophic frailty axis. These findings support the presence of a systemic cardio-adipose-muscle signaling network in end-stage HFrEF and identify candidate molecular mediators of sarcopenia and functional decline.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Studies on the body composition, fat distribution and fat cell size and number of 'Ad', a new obese mutant mouse.

1. Studies have been performed on the body composition, the fat distribution, the fat cell size, and the 'observable' fat cell number of a new obese mutant, the Adipose (Ad) mouse. The serum glucose and insulin concentrations have also been investigated. All studies were undertaken with animals aged 6 months. 2. The obese animals weighed over 50% more than the lean, but there was no difference in the body or tail lengths. 3. The obese animals had an increase in the weight of the liver, but the increase was only proportional to the increase in the total body-weight. 4. The carcasses of the obese mice contained more water as well as more fat than those of the lean. In the males the fat content was 3.9 times greater, while in the females it was increased by 5.5 times. 5. The nitrogen content of the defatted dry carcass was the same in both lean and obese animals but the total body protein was higher in the obese. 6. Fat was dissected from four major depots, gonadal, abdominal, hind subcutaneous and interscapular subcutaneous (including brown adipose tissue), and each was substantially larger in the obese animals. This indicated that the additional fat of the Ad mouse was not localized to any particular site. 7. In Ad males there was no over-all increase in the observed number of adipocytes, all the extra fat being accommodated by an increase in fat cell size (3.8 times). However, in Ad females there was a 3.3 fold increase in the number of observable fat cells as well as a 2.2-fold increase in fat cell size. 8. Non-fasted obese animals were not hyperglycaemic, but there was a 5.3-fold increase in the concentration of serum insulin. Hyperinsulinemia in the presence of normoglycaemia suggested that the obese animals were insulin resistant.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1979

Intussusception of the excluded segment following jejuno-ileal bypass.

Intussusception of the defunctionalized intestinal segment following jejuno-ileal bypass for obesity has rarely been reported. Persistent crampy abdominal pain (often accompanied by nausea and vomiting) and normal radiologic evaluation are suggestive of this entity. The routine use of silver clips, although helpful in some instances, cannot exclude this diagnosis. A high index of suspicion and the use of sonography may prove that intussusception of the defunctionalized segment is more common than has been previously reported.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Results of treatment of incisional hernias with extractable prostheses.

A series of 80 patients with an incisional ventral hernia were treated with an extractable prosthesis in the period 1 January 1965--1 January 1974. The results are discussed. After a description of the advantages of an extractable prosthesis, attention is given to a number of factors which are possibly of importance in the development of such a hernia. This is most probably a multifactorial process, in which suturing technique, wound infection, obesity and postoperative rise of intra-abdominal pressure may play a part. The technique of inserting the extractable prosthesis is accurately described and illustrated with drawings and photographs. Success was ultimately obtained in 86.25% of the cases. The failure rate was 13.75%. In comparison with the data from the literature, this is a low percentage, the more so because the author's series consisted mainly of large incisional hernias. Recurrences can be treated successfully several times with an extractable prosthesis. This is, in general, easy in view of the smaller dimensions of the hernial orifices. The extractable prosthesis is recommended both for the treatment and prevention of incisional ventral hernia.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1975

Postoperative arterial blood gas measurement in obese patients: effect of position on gas exchange.

The effect of position change on blood gas exchange was studied in 22 markedly obese, otherwise healthy, women both preoperatively and postoperatively. There was a statistically significant decrease in arterial oxygen tension and a simultaneous reduction both in the arterial carbon dioxide tension and the base excess with the assumption of the supine versus the semirecumbent position on postoperative days one and two. However, no positional difference was demonstrable in any variable by the third postoperative day. This study indicates that in obese patients during the first 48 hours after abdominal surgery, assumption and maintenance of the semirecumbent posture is a valuable therapeutic adjunct to improve arterial oxygenation.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Effects of cinnamon supplementation combined with exercise training on anthropometric indices and reproductive hormones in overweight and obese women.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity and increased fat in the chest and abdomen in women and hormonal changes, can affect female fertility. The present study aims to investigate the effect of exercise training combined with cinnamon supplementation on chest and abdominal circumference, as well as sex hormones, in overweight and obese women. METHODS: Twenty-six inactive overweight and obese women were randomly allocated to an exercise (E; n = 13) and exercise plus cinnamon supplementation (E+S; n = 13) group. Both groups completed a 4-week exercise program three times weekly, while the E+S group additionally received cinnamon supplementation three times weekly. Chest and abdominal circumferences and serum concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Significant pre-to-post reductions in chest and abdominal circumference were observed in both groups (all p &#x2264; 0.005). Estradiol, progesterone, and FSH concentrations increased, whereas LH concentrations decreased significantly in both groups (all p &#x2264; 0.005). However, between-group comparisons revealed a significant difference only for chest circumference (p = 0.003), with no significant group differences in abdominal circumference or any reproductive hormone concentration (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both groups showed favorable changes in anthropometric and reproductive hormone measures following the 4-week study period. However, the significant between-group difference was limited to chest circumference, providing no clear evidence that cinnamon supplementation conferred additional benefits for abdominal circumference or reproductive hormone profiles beyond those observed with exercise. These findings highlight the potential relevance of exercise-based interventions while warranting confirmation in larger, adequately powered trials.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Free fatty acid release from human adipose tissue in relation to obesity -- effect of isoprenaline.

The capacity to release non-esterified acids and glycerol from the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue into a medium containing different concentrations of isoprenaline was studied in 21 adults with different body weight (14 obese, 7 controls). The obese had a significantly lower maximum adipokinetic capacity (expressed as pD2) than controls. The significant decrease in pD2 in the obese was found to depend on the stabilization of the weight while the dynamic pD2 stage values of the obese did not differ from those of controls. The hypothesis is expressed that lower pD2 values may be related to the smaller decrease of body fat during weight reduction.

Adipose Tissue↗