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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Human development through occupation: theoretical frameworks in contemporary occupational therapy practice, part 1.

In 1968, the report of a conference sponsored by the American Occupational Therapy Association called for the development of an integrated theory of occupational therapy. A review of the practical problems faced by therapists today, contrasted with major developments in the art and science of the field during the past decade, suggests that this goal has not been attained. However, three major theoretical frameworks for therapy have evolved through the work of Fidler and Mosey, Wilbarger, and Llorens, who participated in the conference on theory. Reilly and associates developed a fourth framework of significance. Through analysis of theoretical constructs, generic concepts that characterize occupational therapy can be identified. Theoretical constructs and research validation of the four approaches to occupational therapy are discussed in this article. A second article to appear in a subsequent issue of AJOT illustrates the use of the four theoretical frameworks to derive a philosophical basis for practice and a model of the practice process called "human development through occupation."

Human Development↗
PubMed1977

[Prognosis of occupational bronchial asthma after change of occupation and elimination of antigen (author's transl)].

In order to eliminate the antigen, 168 patients with metal dust allergy made a complete change of occupation, The number of those who were rehabilitated after change of occupation was in inverse proportion to the duration of exposure to the antigen. Subjects with persistent bronchial asthma showed an increase in the complaints which corresponded to the antigen exposure. So as to be able to detect secondary developments deriving from the allergic changes in the mucous membrane, a few parameters were examined after the change of occupation for their relationship to the duration of exposure. Such relationships were found for secondary inflammatory processes in the airways (detection of pathogenic organisms in the sputum, concomitant sinusitis and pleural residues from inflammatory processes). The duration of exposure to the antigen also affects the frequency of persistently increasing bronchospastic irritability after change of occupation.

Asthma↗
PubMed1978

A review of the organization of occupational health and safety and occupational hygiene in Britain.

Britain's Health and Safety at Work Act introduced in 1974 marked a change in approach to occupational health and safety which is having important long-term effects on the organization of occupational health and safety in Britain. The purpose of this paper is to outline the broad principles of approach to health and safety at work contained within the 1974 Act; highlight the implications of the new Act for employers, managers, employees, and representative organizations, and discuss the developments in the organization of occupational health and safety as a result of the 1974 Act.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1977

[Occupational and extra-occupational stresses during pregnancy subjectively assessed by the gravida and their significance in relation to other perinatal risks for the newborn infant].

6780 mothers postpartaly were asked how they assess their occupational employment. We made following groups: the work is physically very strain, middle strain or not strain, the work is mentally very exert, middle exert or not exert. We selected 2/3 or all cases to have high risk in pregnancy or neonatal period. We found statistical coherences between the subjective judgement and the social status. The correlations between the subjective judgement of the occupational employment and the risk factors of the perinatal period were loose. The correlations between the perinatal risk factors and the objective social dates (trade, number of children, age of the mother etc.) are better than between perinatal dates and subjective assessment of their occupational employment by the mother.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Occupational therapy and occupational medicine-a merger.

A working model for occupational therapy intervention in an industrial setting is presented. The model addresses both preventive and problem-solving aspects of practice. An overview of relevant industrial sociology, a discussion of the model, and implications for the therapist are given as well as the viability and benefits of a merger despite the disparate value systems associated with industry and the health services.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Fate of occupational asthma. A follow-up study of patients with occupational asthma due to Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata).

Thirty-eight patients with red cedar asthma proved by inhalation provocation test were studied after they had left exposure for more than 6 months. Twenty-seven patients became asymptomatic, with normal lung function (group A). Three patients had persistent chronic bronchitis with a moderate degree of airway obstruction, probably as a result of cigarette smoking (group B1). Eight patients continued to have recurrent attacks of asthma that decreased in severity after cessation of exposure, and their symptoms were probably due to previous exposure (group B2). The effect of breathing helium on maximal expiratory flow at 50 per cent of the vital capacity was studied. All except one patient in group A were responders (change in maximal expiratory flow at 50 per cent of vital capacity greater than 30 per cent). Two patients in group B1 and 2 in group B2 were nonresponders, suggesting obstruction in the small airways. All patients with red cedar asthma demonstrated bronchial hyperreactivity to methacholine to the same extent as patients with nonoccupational asthma. This hyperreactivity persisted after they left exposure, irrespective of symptoms. It is not known at present whether bronchial hyperreactivity is the predisposing factor in occupational asthma or is the result of the disease.

Adult↗