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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

[The clinical effect of antibiotics in the macrolide family on bronchial asthma. Non-antimicrobial actions of oleandomycin [author's transl)].

Non-antimicrobial actions of oleandomycin (triacetyloleandomycin and oleandomycin phosphate) were studied in patients with bronchial asthma. Twenty-one cases of the disease without associating infections entered the study, and they were given 750mg of oleandomycin or triacetryloleandomycin in three divided doses daily for two weeks. Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings were compared to assess the effectiveness of the antibiotic therapy between the three 2-week periods before, during and after the therapy. Improvements in clinical manifestations were attained in 11 of 21 cases (52.3%), and last after discontinuance of the therapy in 8(38.1%). The blood level of 11-OHCS as determined by the Demoorr's fluorescence method increased by greater than 20% at the end of thearpy in 7 of 18 cases (38.9%). In 5 of the 7 cases favorable responses were seen clinically to the oleandomycin therapy. The serum IgE level determined by the radioimmunosorbent test was compared before and after the therapy to reveal that oleandomycin caused decrease of IgE in 10 and increase in 9 of 20 cases examined. The oleandomycin therapy resulted increases by greater than 20% of the vital capacity and FEV 1.0 in 2 and 3, respectively, of 15 cases. Jaundice in association with elevations of the GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphatase developed in one patient, and generalized skin eruption in another. Both of these cases were given triacetyloleandomycin.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1976

[Study of the growth patterns of Act. antibioticus and the biosynthesis of oleandomycin].

The study of some regularities of the oleandomycin-producing organism growth during the first stage of cultivation showed that an increase in the ammount of starch in the medium from 2 to 10 per cent promoted the growth and its specific rate. When the organism was cultivated on media with 2--6 per cent of starch, addition of ammonium sulfate in a concentration of 0.25--0.5 per cent was favourable for its growth. When the amount of starch was 8--10 per cent, ammonium sulfate in a concentration of 0.25--1.5 per cent had almost no effect on the growth and its specific rate. It was found that an increase in the amount of starch in the medium without ammonium sulfate promoted the mycelium growth and oleandomycin biosynthesis by 20 per cent, the time of cultivation being prolongated. Ammonium sulfate significantly stimulated the mycelium growth and decreased biosynthesis of oleandomycin. Additional introduction of starch solution in a concentration of 1 or 2 per cent during the first hours of the culture growth (24 hours) on the medium with 2 per cent of starch stimulated the growth, its specific rate and biosynthesis of oleandomycin by 20--30 per cent and the cultivation time increased. Simulataneous addition of starch and ammonium sulfate to the culture during the first hours of the growth (24 hours) decreased the biosynthesis of oleandomycin. The maximum respiration rate of the culture in flasks was registered in 24 hours, then it was followed by a decrease. Addition of starch and ammonium sulfate during the cultivation process, i.e. in 24, 48 and 72 hours increased every time the rate of the organism respiration.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of successive cyclic administration of oleandomycin and tetracycline on the immunogenic reactivity and indices of non-specific bodily resistance in experimental staphylococcal sepsis].

The effect of subsequent cyclic administration of oleandomycin and tetracycline on the titer of the complement, the content of lysozyme, the bactericidal properties of the serum and the presence of the antibiotic specific antibodies in the blood serum found in the Hoigne reaction were studied on rabbits. It was found that the subsequent cyclic administration of the antibiotics to both the intact animals and the animals with experimental staphylococcal sepsis was accompanied by an increase in the titer of the complement only on the 7th day of administration of oleandomycin, the first antibiotic. The subsequent administration of tetracycline and especially discontinuation of the antibiotics use resulted in a significant, stable and prolonged decrease in the complement titer. The cyclic subsequent administration of oleandomycin and tetracycline for 7 days was accompanied by an increase in the lysozyme content and serum bactericidal properties. Changes in the factors of non-specific resistance under the effect of the subsequent cyclic administration of oleandomycin and tetracycline on both the intact animals and the animals with experimental staphylococcal sepsis were accompanied by an appearance, progressive increase and prolonged preservation in the serum of the antibiotic specific antibodies found in the Hoigne reaction. A possibility of producing specific antibodies simultaneously to the 2 antibiotics, i. e. oleandomycin and tetracycline in their administration in subsequent 7-day cycles was shown.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Distribution of oleandomycin between the native broth and butylacetate depending on the biosynthesis conditions].

Distribution of the active substance contained in the fermentation broth of Act. antibioticus between the acqueous phase and butylacetate depended on the fermentation conditions and the procedure for the fermentation broth treatment before filtration. Increase in pH values during the fermentation process resulted in lower antibiotic distribution coefficients which may be explained by the presence of oleandomycin-X, a biologically active substance in the fermentation broth filtrates. This substance differed from oleandomycin and did not pass into butylacetate from the acqueous alkaline solution. For transference of oleandomycin-X into oleandomycin exposition of the fermentation broth filtrate at pH 5.0--5.5 is required.

Acetates↗
PubMed1977

[Study of the equilibrium conditions for the extractive purification of oleandomycin].

Dependence of the oleandomycin distribution coefficient on the antibiotic concentration, duration of the filtrate storage, extraction temperature and salting-out agents was studied. The distribution coefficient of oleandomycin in the system of fermentation broth filtrate--butylacetate was much lower (about 3 times) than that in the system of oleandomycin phosphate aqueous solution--butylacetate. Addition of sodium sulfate to the aqueous phase provided a significant increase in the oleandomycin distribution coefficient.

Acetates↗
PubMed1978

Enhancement by oleandomycin of the inhibitory effect of methylprednisolone on phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes.

Triacetyloleandomycin (TAO) and its parent compound oleandomycin have a "steroid-sparing" effect in asthmatic patients. This study was designed to determine whether oleandomycin would enhance the inhibitory action of glucocorticosteroids in suppressing the blast transformation of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human lymphocytes. Although oleandomycin could not be shown to inhibit the phytohemagglutinin stimulation of lymphocytes, there was a significant potentiation of steroid suppression at each concentration of methylprednisolone examined. This augmentation of glucocorticosteroid suppression of lymphocyte proliferation in vitro appears to support the clinically observed "steroid-sparing" effect of TAO and therefore its usefulness may not be limited to asthma and bronchitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Ways to optimize the technological process of oleandomycin reextraction].

Dependence of the oleandomycin distribution coefficient on pH of the acqueous phase and temperature in the system of butylacetate extract-water acidified with orthophosphoric acid was studied. With a purpose of intensification of the process of oleandomycin reextraction, decreasing the antibiotic inactivation and evaporation of the organic solvent it was proposed to perfom oleandomycin extraction at pH 4.0--5.0 accompanied by simultaneous decreasing of the temperature.

Acetates↗
PubMed1978

[Increase in the oleandomycin distribution coefficient at the extraction stage by using electron carrier-acceptors].

A possibility of increasing the distribution coefficient of oleandomycin on its extraction from the aqueous solution into the organic phase containing an electron carrier-acceptor was shown. It was found that the level of the oleandomycin equilibrium shift into the organic phase depended on the carrier nature, i. e. the donor-acceptor interaction of the carrier and the antibiotic. It was shown that the oleandomycin fermentation broth contained non-identified admixtures, the interaction of which with the antibiotic was higher than its interaction with the acceptor-carriers tested.

Acetates↗
PubMed1977

[Penetration of oleandomycin into the subarachnoid space of neurosurgical patients].

Penetration of oleandomycin into the subarachnoid space in neurosurgical patients treated with the drug administered orally and intramuscularly in doses of 375 and 500 mg respectively was studied. The oleandomycin levels in the blood and cerobrospinal fluid were determined after a single administration of the antibiotic at an interval of 30 minutes to 7 hours. A total of 52 observations were recorded. Relation between oleandomycin penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood and the administration route was shown. The index of penetration through the blood-liquor barrier for the antibiotic intramuscular or oral administration was 9--70 and 3--40 per cent respectively. The maximum concentrations of the drug in the liquor were found in the patients with the clinical picture of meningitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

[Effect of tetracycline and oleandomycin on the indices of nonspecific resistance in aseptic inflammation under conditions of changes in the body's reactivity].

The effect of tetracycline and oleandomycin on the complement titer, lysozyme content, serum bactericidal properties and presence of specific antibiotic antibodies in the blood serum was studied. The latter were shown with the Hoigné reaction under conditions of aseptic inflammation caused against the background of latent tetanus intoxication. It was shown that tetracycline and oleandomycin used in treatment of the animals with aseptic inflammation developed at the background of latent tatanus intoxication induced an increased in the complement titer, lysozyme content and bactericidal properties of the serum. Reduction of the above indices was observed by the 15th-20th day after discontinuation of the drug use. The increase in the factors of non-specific immunity under the effect of tetracycline and oleandomycin in the animals with aseptic inflammation caused against the background of latent tetanus intoxication was accompanied by appearance in the blood serum on non-specific antibodies revealed with the Hoigné reaction. Changed reactivity because of latent tetanus intoxication was accompanied by a delay in the formation of the non-specific antibodies in the blood serum. However, later the rate of their accumulation became higher and as a result the maximum titers of the antibodies were 2-3 times higher than those in the control animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of repeated cycles of tetraolean and oleandomycin administration on the indices of nonspecific resistence of the body in experimental staphylococcal sepsis].

The effect of repeated cycles of tetracycline and oleandomycin administration on the complement titer, content of lysozyme and bactericidal properties of the serum in rabbits with experimental staphylococcal sepsis was studied. It was shown that the septic process induced by intravenous inoculation of staphylococci was accompanied by stimulation of the host nonspecific resistance. However, repeated inoculations of the animals resulted in exhaustion of the host protective forces and decreased non-specific resistance. The use of tetracycline in experimental staphylococcal sepsis was accompanied by an increase in the complement titer, lysozyme content and bactericidal properties of the serum after both the 1st and 2nd cycles of the drug administration. The use of oleaudomycin induced an increase in the contents of the complement, lysozyme and bactericidal properties of the serum at the background of staphylococcal sepsis only after the 1st cycle. The repeated cycle of oleandomycin administration was accompanied by a decrease in the above indices. Such conditions should be taken into account in choosing the antibiotic for treatment of septic cases especially when repeated cycles of the drug administration are used.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Sensitivity to the differential dose of erythromycin and oleandomycin of various holarctic strains of tularemia microbe isolated in the Kazakh SSR].

The presence of strains of holarctic race of tuleremia microbe, both sensitive and resistant to the differential doses of erythromycine and oleandomycine was revealed at the territoryn of Kazakh SSR. The existence of such strains does not permit to differentiate them into geographical races by the sensitivity to erythromycine and oleandomycine.

Climate↗
PubMed1976

[Quantitative determination of anhydroleandomycin and glycol in oleandomycin phosphate].

A spectrophotometric method for determination of inactive admixtures in oleandomycin phosphate-anhydrooleandomycin was developed. The method was based on measuring optical density of methanol solutions of oleandomycin and its admixtures at a wave length of 235 nm of UV-spectrum. The minimun detectable amount was 0.5 per cent. A method of thin-layer chromatography in a buffered fixed layer was developed for determination of the 2nd inactive admixture, i.e. glycole. The chromatogrammes were developed with xanthydrol. The minimum detectable amount was 3 mug.

Anhydrides↗
PubMed1978

[Components of a native solution that displace the equilibrium distribution of oleandomycin during extraction].

A marked decrease in the coefficient of oleandomycin distribution in the system of the fermentation broth filtrate-butyl acetate was observed during the transfer from the 1st to the following extraction stages. It was supposed that the oleandomycin fermentation broth filtrate contained admixtures affecting significantly the antibiotic distribution between the aqueous phase and organic solvent.

Acetates↗
PubMed1977

[Use of aluminum salts for purifying oleandomycin culture broth].

It was shown that "nepheline coagulant"--Al2 (SO4)3-18H2O was effective in coagulating the admixtures in oleandomycin fermentation broth. The use of the "nepheline coagulant" in an amount of 1 to 3 per cent (by the weight) of the volume of the oleandomycin fermentation broth provided butyl acetate extraction of the antibiotic without formation of stable emulsion. Addition of the "nepheline coagulant" in an amount of 1 to 2 per cent (by the weight) to the fermentation broth markedly increased the rate of the fermentation broth filtration.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of the effect of oleandomycin and oxytetracycline supplementation on the growth and the meat quality of Dokki-4 chicks reared in hot weather.

1000 chickens were used to investigate up to 24 weeks under high environmental temperatures the addition of different types (oxytetracycline and oleandomycin) and different levels (5 or 20 ppm) of antibiotics to the basal diet. Supplementation with 20 ppm had--with both types of antibiotics--a marked positive effect on the growth rate and various quality characteristics of the products. The effect was higher in male animals than in females.

Animal Feed↗