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Results for “On-site setting”

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6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

A point-of-use SERS assay for rapid detecting difenoconazole and flusilazole residues in fruit juices using Au/COF substrate.

We developed a ready-to-use surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor for rapid, pretreatment-free detection of difenoconazole (DIF) and flusilazole (FLU) in peach and lychee juices. The substrate combines Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) with covalent organic frameworks (COF) and is implemented on a portable 25-well plate, enabling in situ testing. Juices can be directly applied to the SERS-active Au/COF composite, allowing simultaneous adsorption and signal generation. The correlation between SERS intensity and logarithmic concentration yielded R-values between 0.925 and 0.986, meeting the monitoring needs of non-laboratory scenarios. The entire workflow completes within 12 min, offering a faster alternative to conventional methods while maintaining high sensitivity and reproducibility. Detection limits reach 0.96-1.22 ppb for DIF and FLU, both of which are below the regulatory maximum residue limits. Distinct SERS fingerprints enable reliable discrimination of mixed residues across juice matrices, supporting rapid on-site monitoring and cost-effective pesticide surveillance.

Triazoles↗

PubMed2026

Amplification of RNA for identification of Zika and HCV in whole blood.

Direct RNA amplification from whole blood is fundamentally limited by rapid enzymatic degradation and inhibitory matrix effects. Here, we present a blood drying protocol that enables sensitive and robust RNA detection without the need for extraction, purification, or cold-chain logistics. Using whole blood, the platform achieves high detection sensitivity, down to 10 copies per microliter for Zika virus and 1 international unit per microliter for hepatitis C virus (HCV). We further demonstrate that the protocol can be scaled to larger blood volumes and achieve single-copy sensitivity without any sample loss. This is accomplished through thermal treatments of the sample combined with a primer-limited reverse transcription step, which together stabilize RNA within a dried blood matrix and permit spatially resolved enzymatic amplification. The system supports multiplexed detection from a single sample, enabling simultaneous identification of multiple targets. Separately, we introduce a concept wherein the very few copies of the preserved RNA within the matrix can be accessed repeatedly for molecular analysis. Furthermore, we demonstrated the detection of Zika and HCV using a portable fluorometer for point-of-care (POC) uses. With lyophilized reagents and minimal instrumentation such as a heater and an inexpensive portable fluorometer, this platform enables robust, reusable, and field-deployable diagnostics, advancing toward truly accessible on-site RNA testing in urgent care or low-resource settings from whole blood.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

SCAN: A sample-to-answer cross-priming isothermal assay for on-site virus detection with RT-qPCR sensitivity and genomically similar virus differentiation specificity.

Genomically similar viruses often differ in pathogenicity and host tropism due to specific mutations, and failure to distinguish them risks misdiagnosis and ineffective control. Molecular methods can differentiate such viruses but require laboratory settings and skilled personnel, while field-deployable immunological methods suffer from cross-reactivity. To address this challenge, we developed SCAN (Sample-to-answer Cross-priming isothermal amplification Assay with Nucleic acid strip), a general framework for on-site detection of genomically similar viruses. Comparative bioinformatics of isolation and sequencing data identifies key conserved differential determinants for primer design, ensuring specificity and reducing non-specific amplification. A one-tube cross-priming isothermal amplification (CPA) enables rapid target amplification without thermal cycling, and the products are visually detected on a nucleic acid strip. All steps are integrated into a handheld, lightweight device (9.9 × 4.4 × 3.3 cm, <200 g) that also prevents aerosol contamination. Using transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), the latter a natural mutant of TGEV, as a model, SCAN achieves a detection limit of 102 copies/μL with sensitivity comparable to RT-qPCR and supports sample-to-answer testing within 80 min and simple operations. With verified high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, as well as field usability, SCAN provides a generalizable route for developing point-of-care tests (PoCT) that require precise field differentiation of closely related pathogens.

Cross-priming isothermal amplification↗

PubMed1979

Medical student instructional costs in a primary care clerkship.

Using a variety of techniques, such as logs kept daily by the faculty, direct observation, and on-site interviews, the authors determined the instructional costs of a required third-year primary care clerkship based in an ambulatory care setting. Included in the analysis were labor costs of both faculty members and nonfaculty personnel, space and materials, and general university overhead. Total instructional costs were $54.20/student/day. If other third-year clinical clerkships generate equivalent costs, the direct instructional costs of clerkships for third-year medical students would be in excess of $11,500/student/year. The study results imply that ambulatory-based teaching of medical students generates considerable costs and thus requires support from student tuition, federal or state government, or other sources.

Ambulatory Care↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing staff training for an effective geropsychiatric environment.

In describing an early training program of the Gerontological Manpower Project, we have attempted to demonstrate that short-term, on-site training with a frim theoretical and empirical base, can be an effective vehicle for translating research into application. In this case, research and theory based on the importance of the environment as therapeutic, and directed to maximizing geriatric patient independence was incorporated into a geriatric training programmthis was delivered to personnel working with the elderly in two institutional settings, differing in geriatric patient population and service orientation. To improve the effectiveness of future training programs, extensive evaluative research was included in the training processes. Although results were predictably tentative, they did yield much useful information both for subsequent program design as well as reinforcing a need for this process itself. Finally, a very satisfying and beneficial result of this project, as specified by the research staff and all participants, is that effective application of research results via appropriate training mechanisms are easily within reach of the nurse-practioner, and the oft-desired bridge between academia and the service delivery system is truly a collaborative reality.

Aged↗

PubMed2026

Syndromic cholera diagnosis masks diverse causes of diarrhoeal disease in Burundi revealed by portable metagenomics.

BACKGROUND: Cholera outbreaks remain a major public-health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, where diagnostic capacity is limited and clinical case definitions are non-specific and re ly heavily on syndromic diagnosis. Rapid identification of Vibrio cholerae is critical, yet cholera-suspected diarrhoea can have multiple infectious causes not captured by targeted diagnostics. METHODS: We evaluated a mobile, culture-independent metagenomic sequencing workflow for on-site detection of gastrointestinal pathogens directly from faecal samples in Burundi. The offline workflow combined long-read Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing with rapid, laptop-based taxonomic and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) screening and was deployed across a health centre, a district hospital, and a refugee transit camp. The frontline and real-time results were verified using both conventional culturing and in-depth bioinformatic analyses. RESULTS: V. cholerae signals were only detected in a subset of suspected cholera cases, while many samples were dominated by alternative bacterial taxa, most frequently Escherichia coli. V. cholerae abundance correlated strongly with detection of the C holera T oxin P hage CTXφ, supporting differentiation between toxigenic signal and background exposure. AMR genes were detected across samples, providing early situational insight into resistance determinants among gastrointestinal bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: Mobile, offline metagenomic sequencing enables rapid frontline characterization of gastrointestinal disease, especially cholera-suspected, in resource-limited settings and complements existing diagnostics by improving etiological resolution and outbreak response.

Humans↗