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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Comparison of deep bite and open bite cases: normative data for condylar positions, paths and radiographic appearances.

To compare normal overbite, deep bite and open bite cases with clinically healthy temporomandibular joints (TMJ) regarding the difference between condylar positions in centric relation (CR) and habitual or centric occlusion (CO), condylar paths and radiographic findings of condylar appearance in order to establish normative data. Three study groups of normal overbite, deep bite and open bite cases consisted each of 30 subjects with no detectable clinical signs of temporomandibular disorder. The CR-CO differences and axiographic tracings were recorded using the School Artikulator of Mack (SAM) diagnostic system. Condylar shape was evaluated on panoramic radiographs. The CR-CO differences were greater in the vertical plane in open bite cases, and direction of movements from CR to CO showed great variability. Open bite cases had significantly shorter condylar paths. Radiographic findings exhibited that 23% of the total sample showed evidence of erosion and 83% evidence of flattening of condyles. The erosion rates were higher in the open bite group, but flattening was seen more often in the deep bite group. Results of this study showed that open bite cases show larger vertical CR-CO slides and, shorter protrusion paths than normal and deep overbite cases. The radiographic appearance of condyles in non-patients may also differ significantly according to vertical incisor guidance type. Deep bite cases demonstrated a higher incidence of condylar flattening. This study indicates that the clinician should be paying special attention to the TMJ status of open bite patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Modified Thurow appliance: a clinical alternative for correcting skeletal open bite.

Open bite malocclusion is frequently discussed in orthodontics; diagnosis, treatment, and retention can be difficult because this malocclusion has numerous correlated etiological factors. The earlier this malocclusion is corrected, the better the prognosis will be, especially when the problem is skeletal. This article presents a patient with skeletal open bite who was treated in the mixed dentition with an orthodontic appliance that included an acrylic occlusal splint and an expansion screw, based on the original Thurow appliance, to guide the vertical force against the posterior teeth and the alveolar process.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2000

Electropalatographic and cephalometric assessment of tongue function in open bite and non-open bite subjects.

Anterior open bite (AOB) and tongue thrust swallowing are frequently associated, but the relationship between the two remains unclear. Electropalatography (EPG), which is used in speech pathology to measure dynamic tongue function for diagnostic, therapeutic, and research purposes, is a suitable technique for the investigation of this relationship. The present clinical study examined the dentofacial pattern and tongue function in AOB and non-open bite children. EPG recordings of speech and swallowing, and lateral head radiographs were obtained from eight 10-year-old boys with tongue thrust swallowing behaviour and AOB, and from eight age-matched non-open bite controls. Analysis of data from the two groups indicated that although differences were small, the open bite children displayed trends for longer face morphology and greater upper incisor proclination, less consistent production of closures during speech, a more posterior pattern of EPG contact, and relatively sparse EPG contact during swallowing. The discovery of differing patterns of contact for the /d[symbol: see text]/ and /t[symbol: see text]/ phonemes indicates that these should be included when speech is used to test for the presence of fronted tongue behaviour.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of the functional occlusal plane in adults with class III malocclusion showing open bite and non-open bite.

A retrospective study of lateral cephalograms of 24 Japanese adults with Class III malocclusion was made in order to compare the angles of the horizontal plane between open bite and non-open bite cases. The following results were obtained: i) There was no significant difference in the angle of the NF-upper occlusal plane between the open bite and non-open bite groups. ii) There were significant differences between the two groups in the angle of the SN-upper and lower occlusal planes, the FH-upper and lower occlusal planes and MP-lower occlusal plane. There was also a significant difference between the groups in the distance from the Xi point to the upper occlusal plane. iii) In both the open bite and non-open bite groups there was a wide variation in occlusal plane angles, compared with normal cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

A case of open bite accompanied by temporomandibular joint disorder. A comparison of occlusal conditions before and after treatment in lateral-oblique radiogram.

According to the authors' clinical experience, malocclusion accompanied by temporomandibular joint disorder involves mainly cross bite, open bite, deep overbite or axillary protrusion. However, it is possible that the symptoms of this disorder are associated with other types of malocclusion or even with nearly normal occlusion. In fact, it can be said that temporomandibular joint disorder may develop with any type of occlusion. This paper reports a case of open bite accompanied by temporomandibular joint disorder occurring in a patient who visited our hospital because of pain in the left temporomandibular joint region, vertigo and partial deafness. In this patient, the temporomandibular symptoms disappeared after orthodontic treatment. The patient received no particular treatment thereafter because follow-up observation confirmed that the therapeutic results were favorable without any relapse of the symptoms of temporomandibular disorder. The positions of the temporomandibular joint and mandibular condyle were determined in lateral-oblique radiograms obtained using our radiographic system, by which the mandibular condyle is radiographed using a projection consistent with its long axis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Open-bite relapse. Report of a case.

Although the tooth positioner was initially helpful in promoting improved esthetics and stability, it in effect became an orthodontic appliance by maintaining the original, treated occlusal plane. Subsequently, the lower third molars erupted above the occlusal plane and caused the mandible to rotate downward and backward, resulting in an unsightly bite opening. Removal of the etiologic factors, the tooth positioner, and third molars corrected the open-bite relapse.

Child↗
PubMed2003

The causes, diagnosis and treatment of anterior open bite.

Anterior open bite has multiple aetiologies, but can be broadly described as being dental or skeletal in origin. Accurate differentiation is essential in determining the appropriate treatment plan: dental open bites may close spontaneously in the growing patient and are generally amenable to orthodontic treatment, whereas skeletal open bites frequently worsen with growth and usually require a combination of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. The incidence of post-treatment relapse is high, making these malocclusions a challenge to treat successfully.

Fingersucking↗
PubMed1988

Surgical treatment of the open bite deformity. Surgical correction of combined mandibular prognathism and open bite by oblique sliding osteotomy of the mandibular rami.

Treatment of open bite deformity combined with a prognathic mandible using the oblique, sliding osteotomy of the mandibular rami has been followed for 2 1/2 years to evaluate the final outcome of the operation. The clinical and radiographic examination during the control period show a remarkably stable result with a relapse magnitude the same or slightly less than that for a straight, set-back procedure. A certain dental compensation occurs during the skeletal relapse. The thought of creating a certain "freedom-space" in the muscular fibres during the set-back procedure, thus facilitating closure of the open bite is proposed. Surgical correction of the anterior open bite today is otherwise most frequently focused on solutions with maxillary le Fort I or subapical procedures to ensure minimal influence from the jaw muscles.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2005

Occlusal force and condylar motion in patients with anterior open bite.

Patients with open bite often show a weak occlusal force and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). If these are the main cause of open bite, it may be hypothesized that both pre-pubertal and adult open-bite patients would show a weak occlusal force and abnormal condylar motion. The purpose of this study was to test this hypothesis. Test group subjects consisted of 13 consecutive pre-pubertal and 13 adult patients with anterior open bite. They were compared with age-matched normal subjects. The adult open-bite group showed a weaker occlusal force and a shorter range of condylar motion compared with the control subjects. In the pre-pubertal subjects, however, there were no significant differences in the occlusal force and range of condylar motion between the open-bite and control groups. Therefore, these results suggest that a weak occlusal force or TMDs may not be the main cause of open bite.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Relationship between internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint and dentofacial morphology in women with anterior open bite.

INTRODUCTION: Anterior open bite is known to be associated with internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This study examined the relationships between internal derangement and dentofacial morphology in women with anterior open bite. METHODS: Fifty-one women with anterior open bite were enrolled in this study. The sample was divided into 3 groups based on magnetic resonance imaging of bilateral TMJs: normal disk position, disk displacement with reduction, and disk displacement without reduction. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the 3 groups with respect to the cephalometric variables, and Duncan's multiple comparisons were performed at the 95% confidence level to identify the differences among the 3 groups. RESULTS: Internal derangement of the TMJ was much more prevalent in subjects with a more posteriorly rotated mandibular ramus, a smaller mandible, and a greater tendency for a skeletal Class II pattern, although all subjects had an anterior open bite. These patterns were more severe as the internal derangement progressed to disk displacement without reduction. CONCLUSIONS: Some cephalometric characteristics, such as a decrease in posterior facial height, decrease in ramus height, and backward rotation and retruded position of the mandible, are associated with TMJ internal derangement in women with anterior open bite.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Morphological study of open bite. Skeletal Class I and Class II open bite].

The purpose of this study was to quantify the morphological features of class I and II openbite. The subjects were 151 female patients, over 7 years old, and as a control group, 180 female cases of normal overbite. The subjects were classified into 6 subgroups by ANB angles and ages as follows: 1. Class I A group (7 y less than or equal to age les than 10 y): openbite (30 cases), control (34 cases) 2. Class I B group (10 y less than or equal to age less than 15 y): openbite (23 cases), control (31 cases) 3. Class I C group (15 y less than or equal to age): openbite (20 cases), control (23 cases) 4. Class II A group (7 y less than or equal to age less than 10 y): openbite (38 cases), control (45 cases) 5. Class II B group (10 y less than or equal to age less than 15 y): openbite (20 cases), control (26 cases) 6. Class II C group (15 y less than or equal to age): openbite (20 cases), control (21 cases) The following results were obtained: 1. The combined features of class I and II openbite groups in all the 6 groups were an especially large anterior facial height and remarkable downward of lower occl. pl. angle. Mand. pl. angle was large, and the lower part of the face was tapered. 2. The primary factors of openbite were not only over-eruption of the upper molars but also vertical excess of the mandible with a large alveolar bone. 3. The clearest differences between classes I and II openbite were the mand. pl. and lower occl. pl. angles. The class I openbite groups had a large gonial angle, depending on the subgroup. On the other hand, the class II openbite groups exhibited backward and downward shifting of the mandible depending on the subgroup. 4. In the lower age groups (7 y less than or equal to age less than 10 y) both class I and class II openbite already had denture and alveolar factors, as well as skeletal problems. In the class II openbite, especially in adult cases there were unusual morphological problems both in antero-posterior and vertical relations. 5. Contrary to most reports, the nasal floor did not show an upward cant. In the adult class II openbite even a downward cant, resulting from the backward and downward shifting of the mandible was observed.

Adolescent↗