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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Germinal cell tumors of the testis after orchiopexy.

A review of the literature revealed 220 cases of germinal cell tumor of the testis that has occurred after orchiopexy. Of these cases 97 were accurately documented in regard to scrotal placement of the undescended testis and the subsequent tumor. Only 6 cases were reported after orchiopexy in children less than 10 years old. Since the number of patients at risk is unknown the possible protection of early orchiopexy against subsequent malignant degeneration cannot be established. The small number of cases reported after orchiopexy in children less than 10 years old is encouraging. The accumulated reports of germinal cell tumors of the testes after orchiopexy in patients between 10 and 20 years old militate against such a procedure in patients with a unilateral underscended testis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Gonadal function and fertility outcomes after orchiopexy versus orchiectomy for testicular torsion: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: To review the early and late changes in hormonal profiles, semen parameters, and clinical outcomes in patients treated with orchiopexy versus orchiectomy for testicular torsion. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted across MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other databases, following PRISMA guidelines. PRIMARY OUTCOMES: FSH, LH, testosterone, inhibin-B, and semen parameters. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE framework. Statistical analysis was performed using the random-effects model. RESULTS: Eleven studies involving 538 participants (197 orchiectomy, 341 orchiopexy) were included. Orchiectomy was associated with a significant increase in FSH (SMD: 1.63, P < 0.0001) and LH (SMD: 1.31, P < 0.0001) compared to orchiopexy. However, testosterone (MD: 0.31 ng/mL; P = 0.4) and inhibin-B (SMD: -0.14; P = 0.87) levels were comparable between groups. Regarding semen parameters, orchiectomy resulted in a significant reduction in sperm concentration (MD: -18 million/mL, P = 0.01). No significant differences were found in sperm count (MD: 13.9 million; P = 0.43), normal morphology (MD: 4.97%; P = 0.12), or total motility (MD: 4.05%; P = 0.49). The pooled rate for ipsilateral atrophy following orchiopexy was 38%, which likely depends on ischemia duration. CONCLUSION: Surgical choice in testicular torsion does not significantly affect the overall hormonal balance or most semen parameters due to compensatory mechanisms of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Clinical decisions should consider individual case factors, as we lack reliable data on subsequent paternity rates.

Male↗
PubMed2026

Hydrodissection-assisted laparoscopic orchiopexy utilizing needle grasper for palpable undescended testes: Clinical efficacy analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopic orchiopexy has emerged as a viable alternative for the treatment of palpable undescended testis (UDT). This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of needle-grasper hydrodissection-assisted laparoscopic orchiopexy (NHLO) in comparison to conventional laparoscopic orchiopexy (CLO) for palpable UDT. METHODS: A cohort of 96 patients diagnosed with palpable UDT, admitted between January 2020 and April 2024, was included in this study. Among these, 54 patients underwent NHLO, while 42 patients were treated with CLO. In the NHLO procedure, normal saline was injected into the retroperitoneal space to create a hydrodissection barrier, facilitating the separation and protection of the vas deferens and spermatic cord. The vas deferens and spermatic cord were meticulously dissected following the principles of integrity and minimal tissue trauma. Outcome measures included final testicular position, testicular volume growth, testicular atrophy, success rate, and postoperative complications. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between the NHLO and CLO groups in terms of age, laterality, operative time (NHLO: 38-46 min; CLO: 39-48 min), or complication rates (NHLO: 1.9 %; CLO: 0.0 %). At follow-up, all patients in both groups exhibited palpable testes in satisfactory scrotal positions. Notably, no visible abdominal scarring was observed in the NHLO group, whereas there were two noticeable scars on the abdomen in CLO. CONCLUSION: Needle-grasper hydrodissection-assisted laparoscopic orchiopexy is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive technique that provides optimal protection of the vas deferens and spermatic cord while achieving excellent cosmetic outcomes.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

The origin of orchiopexy-induced testicular lesions in the pig.

Cooling experiments of abdominal testes in adult, naturally cryptorchid pigs indicate that spermatogenic arrest in abdominal testes is not due to an inborn defect, but is caused solely by maintenance of the testis at abdominal temperature. It is postulated that failure of spermatogenic cells to differentiate after orchiopexy results from surgical trauma. Evaluation of the orchiopexy procedure revealed that simple manipulation of a normally descended testis may give rise to damage to the spermatogenic epithelium. Furthermore, it appeared that, in normally descended testes of naturally unilaterally cryptorchid pigs subjected to orchiopexy, the spermatogenic epithelium was poorly developed as compared with that of scrotal testes of unilaterally cryptorchid pigs that had not undergone a surgical procedure.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Orchiopexy in the prune belly syndrome.

It has been suggested that abdominal testes might have better ultimate function if brought to the scrotum at a very early age. In a study of 16 patients with the prune belly syndrome, 8 had reconstruction of the urinary tract together with an orchiopexy and 2 had an orchiopexy alone. The results in these patients support the view that an orchiopexy in the neonate or young infant offers the best chance of obtaining viable testes in the scrotum.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1975

Early orchiopexy and testis tumors.

A testicular tumor developed in a twenty-year-old man who had undergone orchiopexy at age six. The case illustrates that early orchiopexy affords no protection against subsequent malignant degeneration. The importance of an inguinal approach and a high orchiectomy are stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Bilateral seminoma 34 years after orchiopexy.

A case of bilateral seminoma in a 59-year-old patient who had undergone bilateral orchiopexy 34 years previously is presented. To our knowledge this is the longest interval between an orchiopexy and diagnosis of bilateral malignancy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

The staged orchiopexy: a critical review of the literature.

During the last 20 years reports have appeared describing successful results with a 2-stage orchiopexy for patients noted to have a short testicular artery on first exploration. A critical review of these reports indicates that accurate documentation of the phenomenon of spontaneously increasing spermatic cord length following surgical manipulation does not exist. It is suggested that a scientifically accurate prospective study of the staged orchiopexy is needed.

Child↗
PubMed1978

[Experimental studies in animals concerning adhesive orchiopexy (author's transl)].

In an experimental study in rabbits, histoxicity of butyl-2-cyano-acrylic-tissue adhesive for orchiopexy was comapred with the usual suture type fixation of the testis. There was no difference in tissue damage between the two methods in respect to local inflammation, diameters of the tubules and the number of spermatogonic cells. Using several established cell lines, a significant cytotoxicity was seen when dropping butyl-2-cyanoacrylic-adhesive into the tissue cultures. Mutagenic influence of butyl-2-cyanoacrylate should be ruled out in children prior to clinical application. In addition, the high cost of the adhesive should be considered.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Role of microsurgery in orchiopexy.

Intra-abdominal tests cannot be completely brought down into the scrotum by conventional methods. Four intra-abdominal testes in 3 patients underwent successful orchiopexy by dividing the spermatic artery and vein near their origin and anastomosing these vessels to the inferior epigastric vessels with the use of microsurgical technique.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Orchiopexy in prepubertal boys. Five-year survey.

A series of 141 prepubertal boys with undescended testes operated on in a provincial teaching hospital has been analyzed five years after operation. The main features noted at presentation were the mature age of the patients and the small number of boys referred by pediatricians. The incidence of unsatisfactory results was 36% in unilateral and 35% in bilateral operations. The majority of the patients (81%) were referred for surgery after the age of five years, commonly regarded as the most suitable time for surgical correction. Three patients required a primary orchiectomy for a small atrophic testis, while 2 patients had an orchiectomy done on a previously operated testis. The complication rate for the series was 4.5%. Testicular biopsy was not done at the time of operation, and no patients were referred for semen analysis. Eight patients underwent a second orchiopexy after the first operation failed. In 6 patients an atrophic testis developed after the second procedure. The need for more than one postoperative examination is stressed in view of the fact that an initially favorable result may not persist since the testes may be found, at a later date, to have retracted into an unsatisfactory position. The reasons for the poor results are discussed and compared briefly with previous reports.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Aligamentous testicle. New clinicopathologic entity in genesis of male infertility and its treatment by orchiopexy.

Absent scrotal ligament or the aligamentous testicle is a clinicopathologic entity which plays an important role in the genesis of male infertility. Twenty-four cases of aligamentous testicle, collected from 300 idiopathic infertile subjects, were studied. Clinical, endocrine, semen, and testicular biopsies were performed. The criteria of diagnosis of the aligamentous testicle are outlined and the role in infertility is discussed. Eighteen infertile patients with aligamentous testicle were treated by orchiopexy aiming to create an artificial scrotal ligament. The technique is described. The results were satisfactory. Failures were due to bad selection of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Division of spermatic vessels in orchiopexy: radionuclide evidence of preservation of testicular circulation.

Satisfactory intrascrotal position of the testicles was achieved by dividing the spermatic vessels, leaving the vas deferens intact, in 3 patients with undescended testes. A postoperative scrotal scan provided objective means of evaluating the adequacy of testicular circulation. To determine the efficacy of various procedures for orchiopexy for undescended testes we suggest that postoperative evaluation include radionuclide imaging of the scrotum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Testicular function after orchiopexy for unilaterally undescended testis.

Testicular function was determined in 29 men, 21 to 35 years old, who had undergone orchiopexy for unilaterally undescended testis at four to 12 years of age. Serum testosterone and dialyzable testosterone concentrations of these men were not significantly different from those of a control group of 30 normal men, and their basal serum luteinizing hormone concentrations and serum luteinizing hormone responses to synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone were only slightly higher than those of the normal men. The mean sperm density of the patients, however, was only one third of that of the normal men (p less than 0.001). The mean serum follicle stimulating hormone response ro gonadotropin-releasing hormone of the patients was doubled that of the normal men (p less than 0.001). The data indicate that spermatogenesis may be abnormal after orchipexy, and suggest that men with unilaterally undescended testis may have bilateral testicular abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Orchiopexy using microvascular surgical technique.

Orchiopexy of high intra-abdominal testes with division of the internal spermatic artery and vein is associated with subsequent testicular atrophy in a significant percentage of cases. We herein describe 2 patients in whom arterial supply and venous drainage to the testis were maintained using microvascular anastomosis. The internal spermatic artery and vein were anastomosed to the deep inferior epigastric artery and vein. Patency of the vascular anastomosis was verified by subsequent radionuclide examinations and selective arteriography in 1 patient.

Abdominal Muscles↗