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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Vergence orthoptics: validity and persistence of the training effect.

The validity and permanence of orthoptic treatment for vergence deficiencies requires investigation due to the subjective nature of determining success in most clinical cases, i.e., the amelioration of symptoms and increases in vergence ranges. The relation between Risley prism vergences, a subjective measure, and vergence tracking rate, an objective index, is investigated. The course of orthoptics progress is compared in cases of clinical vergence dysfunction. Vergence-deficient control subjects showed no significant change in either index. However, trained subjects demonstrated rapid increases in both indices. The persistence of the training effect was monitored for up to 9 months. No regression was observed in subjects who met all release criteria, but one subject who chose to terminate therapy early showed a slow regression in tracking rate and recurrence of symptoms. These data support the validity of vergence training and increase the plausibility of previous clinical reports of orthoptics success.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Orthoptic treatment of strabismus.

The purpose of this paper will be to carefully examine the effectiveness of orthoptics as a viable treatment modality for strabismus. It will be necessary to first examine the scope of this problem and the significance of functional cure. A short discussion of perceptual and psychological effects will be included. A review of pertinent literature and an analysis of the data will be presented. Any commonalities or generalizations which can be identified will then be discussed and analyzed. Finally, the training of the optometrist in orthoptics and associated subjects will be examined to demonstrate the qualification of the optometrist to administer orthoptics in the treatment of visual anomalies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Objective assessment of accommodation orthoptics. I. Dynamic insufficiency.

Three young adult females with symptoms related to focusing difficulties at near were treated by standard orthoptic procedures, including jump focus, plus-and-minus lens flippers, and pencil pushups. Home training was done 20 minutes each day for 4 1/2--7 weeks. Objective measures of dynamic accommodation were made each week in our Neuro-optometry Clinic. Initially, these objective measures showed prolongations of time constants and latencies of accommodation. During treatment, the patients showed significant reductions in time constants and latencies that correlated well with elimination of subjective symptoms. Also, in all three patients, flipper rates increased and symptoms were either markedly diminished or no longer present at termination of therapy. These results clearly demonstrate that orthoptic treatment in our three adult patients resulted in objective improvement of accommodation function.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1979

Mobile orthoptic service for primary screening of visual disorder in young children.

A mobile orthoptic service was begun in 1976. General practitioners, clinic doctors, and health visitors referred 4544 preschool children to the service in 18 months. Of the children referred, no defect was detected in 3138 (69%), 927 (20%) were recalled for a second assessment within 12 months, and 479 (11%) were referred for treatment. Out of 261 who received treatment in Oxford, 24 (9%) received aftercare. Benefits of the service included a 25% decrease during 1976-7 in inappropriate referrals of preschool children to the specialist hospital. The chance of inappropriate referral was reduced by a factor of 30 if a child was referred to the mobile service instead of to the eye hospital. A prevention programme such as the mobile orthoptic service can improve the rate of detection of visual disorder in young children, while providing the support needed by primary-care doctors and nurses for visual screening of preschool children easily and cheaply.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of orthoptic treatment in the management of intermittent exotropia.

30 patients of intermittent ACDS were studied prospectively for a period of 8 weeks to 1 year to evaluate the role of orthoptics in the management of these cases. In patients with convergence insufficiency and a maximum deviation of 25 PD or less the orthoptic treatment was found to be effective in offering symptomatic relief and improving binocular functional status. A reduction in the maximum angle of deviation by 4 PD to 8 PD was observed in 4 patients. Even though the basic angle of deviation remained unchanged in most of the patients, significant functional and symptomatic improvement was obtained in 64% to 85.7% of these cases. The long term stability of these results remains to be studied. In patients with a deviation of more than 25 PD there was no significant improvement in symptoms or reduction in maximum angle of deviation. In 6(37.5%) of these patients some improvement in the fusional range could be demonstrated on the synoptophore without any symptomatic relief.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The effect of orthoptic treatment upon the vergence adaptation mechanism.

This paper is a review of the research work that has been carried out over the past few years investigating the ability of the oculomotor system to adapt to prism-induced heterophoria. Our results show that subjects with normal binocular vision can adapt to horizontal and vertical prism-induced heterophorias whether fixating at distance or near. Further studies have shown that subjects with symptomatic abnormal binocular vision have an abnormal adaptation mechanism. Finally, we have found that when orthoptic treatment results in relief from the symptoms, there is an associated improvement in the subjects' ability to adapt to prism-induced heterophoria.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMed1979

Different rates of functional recovery of eye movements during orthoptics treatment in an adult amblyope.

Although it is common clinical knowledge that oculomotor control appears to normalize during the course of successful orthoptics therapy for amblyopia, reports providing a quantitative analysis of eye movements during extended periods of treatment are lacking. We provide for the first time such a report in an adult amblyope. Aspects of eye movement control that tended to normalize with therapy include drift amplitude and velocity, duration and frequency of steady fixation, and pursuit gain. These results suggest that smooth pursuit control can be modified, even in an adult amblyope. Aspects of eye movement control that remained abnormal throughout therapy, in spite of normalization of visual acuity and centralization of fixation, include increased saccadic latencies, use of large saccades during small-amplitude pursuit tracking, and static overshooting. These results suggest that certain aspects of saccadic and pursuit control could either no longer be modified or would require longer periods for this to occur.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Orthoptic status and reading disability.

147 unselected 8-year-olds were given tests of intelligence, reading ability and orthoptic status, including the reference eye test described by Dunlop, Dunlop and Fenelon (1973). We failed to replicate their findings of a raised incidence of convergence deficiency, defective stereopsis and esophoria in children with specific reading disability. Furthermore, in contrast to their results, we found that crossed reference (i.e. reference eye on opposite side to preferred hand) was common in this sample and not associated with reading problems.

Brain Mapping↗
PubMed1976

[A few remarks on an oculistic and orthoptic screening of 61 monozygotic twin pairs (author's transl)].

An oculistic and orthoptic screening has been carried out on a sample of 122 twins aged 6 to 10 years (31 MZ male and 30 MZ female pairs). A few remarks could be made, concerning both twins as such and the heritability of the traits under examination. The twins appear to differ from the general population of singletons of the same age on account of a lower frequency of ametropia and strabismus as well as of a high frequency of epicanthus.

Child↗
PubMed1992

[Results of conventional retinal detachment surgery. III. Orthoptic results].

In a comparative study we examined orthoptic side effects in 117 patients following conventional retinal detachment surgery. Of these, 54 had had a segmental scleral buckle, 18 a simple encircling band and 45 encircling band combined with a radial buckle. Persistent diplopia was found in 6% of cases following segmental buckles, in 11% following simple encircling procedures and in 20% following combined operations with encircling bands and segmental buckles. The incidence of diplopia was more than 30% in cases with high encircling buckles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Orthoptic treatment of dyslexia].

It is assumed that dyslexia is due to a brain-organic syndrome, either congenital or acquired in infancy, with specific gnostic deficiencies and faulty controlled binocular vision. The latter is expressed by an intermittent alternating central scotoma which is thought to be responsible for impaired visual perception during reading. The aim of the orthoptic treatment of dyslexia must therefore be to eliminate the alternating central scotoma by stabilizing the binocular vision, and thus to improve reading ability by achieving unimpaired visual perception.

Child↗
PubMed1992

[Orthoptic indications for radial keratotomy: esophoric myopia].

In addition to aniseikonia, binocular factors are to be taken into consideration for refractive surgery. If important exophoria can be a contraindication to refractive surgery, this surgery can be indicated in cases of marked esophoria at near and distance vision. It can then prevent the need for prismatic treatments which become necessary in these cases.

Adolescent↗