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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Incidence and pathogenesis of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Anteroposterior pelvic roentgenograms of 790 patients admitted for treatment of alcoholism were examined for evidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Laboratory data on these patients, obtained shortly after admission, demonstrated that average serum cholesterol levels were within normal limits and average serum triglyceride levels were moderately elevated only in those individuals classified as having a severe addition to alcohol. Non-juxta-articular radiographic abnormalities of the femoral head, neck and shaft were common but no changes were observed which were considered to be early indications of structural insufficiency. Two patients had advanced idiopathic bilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head. One of these patients had undergone one total hip replacement prior to his current admission. This study indicates that there is a very low incidence of osteonecrosis among alcoholics (less than 0.3%). However, alcoholism may lead to osteonecrosis in certain predisposed individuals. A combination of several factors such as systemic fat embolism, elevated circulating levels of inflammatory fatty acids or prostaglandins, and osteoporosis and Charcot-like effects, which are also associated with corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis, seem to be involved and may contribute, as well, to other instances of femoral head osteonecrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Osteonecrosis after renal transplantation in children.

Osteonecrosis occurred in nine of thirty-six children following renal transplantation. The distal femoral condyle was the most common location but the femoral head was the most symptomatic and required total hip replacement in three of five patients. Total steroid dosage did not correlate with the development of osteonecrosis. There were no cases of osteonecrosis in patients under the skeletal age of ten years or in patients who did not have rejection reactions. In three children non-progressive focal lesions developed, similar to those of osteochondritis dissecans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Arthroscopy in spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee.

Eight knees with spontaneous osteonecrosis were investigated through arthroscopy, and in seven the intra-articular findings were rechecked at arthrotomy performed one to two weeks later. Anbormalities in the articular cartilage were observed in detail under arthroscopy that could not be seen in roentgenograms. In the early stage of osteonecrosis, flattening and fissures in the articular surfaces, with and without formation of a cartilage flap, were useful findings in choosing intra-articular surgical procedures. In the late stage, free bodies such as cartilage plates in the joint and regeneration with fibro-cartilaginous tissue over the necrotic lesion were also important in selecting surgical treatment. In addition to roentgenographic classification of developmental stages in osteonecrosis, arthroscopy is necessary in differentiating osteoarthroses, in observing the articular surface of the femoral condyles, and in determining the stage of disease when roentgenography provided insufficient information to justify intra-articular procedures such as drilling and bone grafting.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[Osteochondritis dissecans and osteonecrosis of the lower end of the femur. Value of bone marrow functional exploration].

The authors report the results of 19 functional investigations carried out for osteochondritis in 11 cases, and osteonecrosis of the knee in 8 cases. The 8 cases of osteonecrosis all had hemodynamic disorders with increased pressure in the bone marrow and stasis due to circulatory obstruction. On the other hand, 5 cases of osteochondritis out of the 11 explored had no disturbance of marrow blood supply. However, of the 6 cases of osteochondritis with vascular disorders, there were 5 who had some other reason which might explain the disorder blood supply within the bone. It thus seems that one may contrast two types of disease: -One, characterized by an intra-osseous circulatory disorder for which one might reserve the terms osteonecrosis, which occurs in patients aged over 60 years, but which may be observed in juvenile forms. - The other, characterised by the absence of any hemodynamic disturbance and in which the foreign body seems to result from a very localised disorder which does not affect the bone marrow blood supply. One may use here the term, osteochondritis. We propose to substitute this physiopathological classification for the classical division based on age and on X-rays. Investigation of the blood supply of the bone, permits, as with strontium, early diagnosis at a pre-radiological stage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

18F scintigraphy in the early diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in chronic hemodialysis and transplantation.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head results in an increased uptake of 18F due to a reparative reaction in the necrotic area and its surroundings. Twenty hemodialysis and twenty-seven post-transplant patients were studied serially. In the hemodialysis group, nine patients had positive scintigraphs and eleven had negative studies. All were asymptomatic. In the transplant group, twelve were positive and fifteen were negative. Four patients with positive scans later developed unequivocal clinical and radiographic evidence of osteonecrosis. Patients with negative scans have been asymptomatic and without radiological abnormalities. Age, sex, duration of dialysis, bone mineral densitometry, total steroid dose, duration of hospitalization after transplantation, and serum chemistries were not different in positive and negative patients. All patients on alternate-day steroids have negative scans. A positive 18F scintigraph antedates the occurrence of clinical and radiological findings of osteonecrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Clinical and radiological features of osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Symptomatic osteonecrosis occurred in 8 out of 68 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Multiple joints were involved in 3 patients, and weight-bearing joints were most frequently affected. Osteonecrosis tended to occur early in the disease, and the patients had all received corticosteroids. Symptoms tended to occur when the disease had progressed from an active phase into one of clinical and serological quiescence. In weight-bearing joints classical radiological changes were often absent at the onset of symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Osteonecrosis following renal allotransplantation. A quantitative histological study of iliac bone.

Morphometric and dynamic studies of bone obtained by biopsy from a standard locality on the iliac crest were carried out in 10 patients with and 7 patients without radiological signs of osteonecrosis. All the patients had normally functioning kidney transplants. The results obtained in the two groups were compared and both groups were compared with a series of noraml subjects where the age and sex distribution was the same. In the group of patients with osteonecrosis, the reduction in the amount of cancellous bone was found to be highly significant as compared with that in normal subjects and with that in the other group of patients. Apart from the reduction in bone, changes in all patients were characterized by an increased amount of osteoid and a low rate of mineralization, determined by double labelling with tetracycline. As there were no changes in the width of osteoid seams indicating osteomalacia, it is suggested that these patients suffered from a severe corticosteroid osteopenia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The treatment of osteonecrosis of the hip with fresh osteochondral allografts and with the muscle pedicle graft technique.

Osteonecrosis of the hip in Stages 1 and 2 are treated by conservative measures such as rest, aspirin, and a cane. If activities of daily living are impaired or stronger analgesics become necessary the muscle pedicle graft is advised. Fresh osteochondral grafts are utilized to resurface the head of the femur in Stages 3 and 4 in vigorous patients below the age of 60 when strong analgesics are required to relieve pain. A total hip arthroplasty is the treatment of choice for all patients in Stage 5 or those beyond the age of 60 in Stages 3 and 4. Five patients have had allografts; all are doing well. Three have been followed over 2 years, one over one and one-half years, and the other over 6 months. Twenty-three patients have had muscle pedicle grafts. The results have been good in the 8 patients in Stages 1 and 2. Only 5 of the 15 patients with osteonecrosis in Stages 3 and 4 have had good results.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Symptoms and therapy of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle in elder patients (author's transl)].

The author reports on symptoms, therapy and results of a follow-up of 17 patients with the rare disease of osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle. The therapy depends on the extend of the necrosis, the axis of the leg and the results of scintigraphy or scintimetry and arthrography or arthroscopy. Small necroses can be treated conservatively, but in case of a genu varum a valgus-osteotomie should be performed. Bigger necroses are bored or bolted combined with a valgus-osteotomie, if necessary. Extensive osteonecroses can only be treated by partial endoprosthesis or autologue bone-cartilage-transplantation.

Aged↗
PubMed2026

A Novel Long Noncoding RNA-LNC000133 Associated With Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation Through Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes Pathway: A Bioinformatics Validation and Detailed Mechanistic Study.

Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a debilitating disease caused by glucocorticoid abuse, characterized by complex pathogenesis and unclear molecular mechanisms. Dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and their exosome-mediated signalling is a key contributor to SONFH, although the precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, the differential expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in exosomes derived from human BMSCs (hBMSCs) obtained from patients with SONFH compared to controls with femoral neck fractures were identified. Through next-generation sequencing, a novel lncRNA, LNC000133, associated with SONFH was discovered. Using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network construction, the LNC000133/miR-362-5p/TGF-β3/SMAD3/BMP2 signalling axis was established. The definitive expression, localization and full-length sequence of LNC000133 in BMSCs were subsequently validated by Northern blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Most notably, mechanistic studies demonstrated that LNC000133-modified BMSCs-derived exosomes were efficiently taken up by osteoblasts, which promoted proliferation and osteogenic differentiation by targeting the miR-362-5p/TGF-β3/SMAD3/BMP2 signalling pathway.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anesthesia and resuscitation in surgery for aseptic osteonecrosis in patients with renal transplants].

Aseptic osteonecrosis following renal transplantation occurs in about 20 p. 100 of cases and entails important functional consequences. 16 patients with kidney transplant and 4 patients on chronic dialysis because of previous graft rejection underwent 27 orthopaedic operations, 8 of which being hip arthroplasties. During and after the procedure the anesthesiologist had to manage with drug interaction, coagulation disorders, blood compatibility problems etc... Despite poor general condition of patients and the risk of infectious complications linked to the never interrupted immunosupressive treatment, the surgical results of our serial were good.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Spontaneous Ahlbäck's knee joint osteonecrosis].

Among the group of genuine osteonecroses there ranks the spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee described for the first time by Ahlbäck, Bauer and Bohne in 1968. Characteristic of it is a subchondral defect on the medial condylus of the femur, which may occur in old persons, chiefly women. Supported by six illustrative cases in own patients clinical experience, radiology, diagnosis and differential diagnosis are presented and discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Osteonecrosis of hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage.

A 55-year-old man with carcinoma of the right pyriform fossa was treated with cobalt therapy. Subsequently, osteonecrosis of the right greater horn and the right superior horn of the thyroid cartilage developed, followed by pathologic fractures of the processes and spontaneous expulsion of the sequestrae.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Importance of numeric scintigraphy of the hips during primary aseptic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in adults].

The authors have studied 58 cases of primitive aseptic osteonecrosis of the hips, 35 cases of coxarthrosis, 12 algodystrophies and 11 cases of coxitis, using numerical scintigraphy with Technetium 99m pyrophosphate. They have studied the ration of uptake by the femoral head over the uptake by the soft issues. The values obtained are compared to those observed in the study of normal hips. The result is that the technique offers the possibility of establishing, in a more differential manner, a diagnosis of lesion of the hips at an infraradiologic stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Study of circulating fatty globules by filtration of the serum in primary osteonecrosis of the femoral head].

The authors carried out in a group of 21 aseptic osteonecroses of the femoral head, a study of circulating fatty globules using a filtering technique on a millipore filter. 7 of these patients showed a normal lipid count, 10 had isolated increases of the prebetalipoproteins, 2 had a type IV hyperlipemia, 1 a type III hyperlipemia, and 1 a global hypolipemia. In all cases, no fatty globules were found. Decreases in the level of triglycerides and prebetalipoproteins were noted after filtering but the differences were not significant. These observations do not add support to the theory of fatty microembolism of aseptic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Adult↗