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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The physicochemical properties of the mixed saliva and parotid secretion of patients with chronic parenchymatous parotitis and of persons who have a history of earlier acute parotitis].

Eighty-five patients with chronic parenchymatous parotitis and 73 convalescents after epidemic or acute nonepidemic parotitis were examined for their secretory function and some physicochemical characteristics of mixed saliva and parotid secretion (secretion rate, pH, viscosity, transparency, electrokinetic properties). A significant reduction of salivary secretion volume and rate were detected, as were pH shift to the acid direction and increased viscosity of both saliva and parotid secretion, reduced transparency and increased electric conductivity in the patients with chronic parenchymatous parotitis, more marked in those with an active course of the disease. Such changes were absent in convalescents after epidemic or acute nonepidemic parotitis. This permits a conclusion that none of these two conditions may be responsible for the development of a chronic inflammation of the parotid gland. The detected changes in physicochemical parameters of the saliva in chronic parenchymatous parotitis supplement the known data on the pathogenesis of this condition and may be used in the diagnosis and prediction of the course and outcome of sialadenitis. The authors emphasize the desirability of therapeutic and prophylactic measures during remissions of chronic parenchymatous parotitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunizing and immunomodulating activity of a wild epidemic parotitis virus at a parotitis infection focus].

The immune status of 18 children previously vaccinated or not with live parotitis vaccine and living in a focus of parotitis was tested over time. Specific antibodies were found in the blood sera or nasal secretion of 88.9% children by follow-up days 10-20, and memory antigen-reactive cells were forming in 55.6%. Functional temporary T-immunodeficiency was observed at the same period in 66.7% children. Although there were no cases of clinically apparent epidemic parotitis, immunologic studies confirmed the circulation of wild type virus. Immunologic studies detected 2 cases of inapparent course of epidemic parotitis.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

Immunoglobulin-containing plasma cells in chronic parotitis and malignant lymphomas of the parotid gland. Comparing immunocytochemical observations of frequency and localization.

IgA-containing plasma cells in the periductal gland tissue are part of the special secretory immune system of the salivary glands. The reaction of Ig-containing plasma cells (localization, frequency, specific Ig-content) was analyzed by the indirect immunoperoxidase method in chronic recurrent parotitis (9 cases), chronic myoepithelial parotitis (benign lymphoepithelial lesion, Sjögren's syndrome; 8 cases), and malignant lymphoma associated with chronic myoepithelial parotitis (11 cases). The following results were obtained: 1. In chronic recurrent parotitis, parallel to the increase in IgA in the salivary secretion, a marked multiplication of IgA-containing plasma cells was found in the inflammatory infiltrate and the remaining non-inflamed periductal parenchyma of the parotid gland. In the marginal zone of inflammation, a slight increase of IgG-containing plasma cells was also observed. 2. In chronic myoepithelial parotitis, the total plasma cellular infiltration was slightly less distinct than in chronic recurrent parotitis. The most remarkable increase in Ig-containing plasma cells developed in the marginal zones--away from the myoepithelial cellular islands--as well as in the area of ductular proliferations, and was characterized by a strong increase of IgG-containing plasma cells. At the same time, a slight increase of IgM-containing plasma cells was observed. No plasma cells were found in the myoepithelial cellular islands. 3. In the malignant lymphomas associated with myoepithelial parotitis, which were mainly highly differentiated lymphomas (immunocytomas, centrocytic-centroblastic lymphomas) and rarely poorly differentiated immunoblastic lymphomas, there was a distinct decrease of IgG-containing plasma cells when compared with the numbers in this group without lymphoma. The differing degrees of prevalence and Ig-content of the plasma cells partly describe the change taking place in the local secretory immune system of the parotid gland. The possible relationships between chronic recurrent parotitis and auto-immune myoepithelial parotitis on one hand and the stages of transition (prelymphoma) to malignant lymphoma on the other, are discussed.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2004

Acute parotitis following sitting position neurosurgical procedures: review of five cases.

Acute bacterial parotitis subsequent to major abdominal surgery is well documented, reportedly occurring in as many as 0.1% of patients. Postoperative parotitis has been reported between 1 to 15 weeks after surgery, commonly appearing within 2 weeks of the procedure. However, postoperative parotitis has not been reported previously after neurosurgical procedures. The authors report five cases of postoperative parotitis after neurosurgical operations in the sitting position with mild flexion and rotation of the head. This group of patients accounted for 0.16% of all craniotomy and 1.9% of all sitting position neurosurgical procedures performed in the authors' institution from 1996 through 2001. Neck flexion and head tilt in the sitting position might have an influence on acute parotitis. The authors found that the side of the parotitis was on the opposite side of the head rotation. Dehydration therapy may also be a contributing factor. The objective of this paper is to state that parotitis is a possible complication in neurosurgical patients operated on in sitting position and to discuss its pathophysiology and treatment options.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

[Analysis of parotid sialography and intervention in 78 cases of chronic pyogenic parotitis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the value of parotid sialography and intervention in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pyogenic parotitis. METHODS: Undertake the technique of parotid sialography with 48% Lipiodol ultra-fluide (France) under X-ray upon 78 patients who were given systemic anti-infections and supporting treatments only with non-obvious-results, and classify all the cases into chronic obstructive (21 cases) and nonobstructive parotitis (57 cases) according to the results of sialography through microcatheter, then go on with bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test. Filling treatments were carried out on obstructive parotitis cases through the duct with mixed liquor consisting of 2% lidocanine, 1% methylviolet. In the same way, alpha-chymotrypsin, amikacin, lidocaine was used in nonobstructive cases. RESULTS: The cure rate of chronic obstructive parotitis was 80.95%, the cure rate of chronic nonobstructive parotitis was 87.72%. CONCLUSION: The method of parotid sialography and intervention in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pyogenic parotitis is an effective way to treat chronic pyogenic parotitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of parotitis virus in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Viral infection is one of the factors provoking the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Epidemic parotitis more frequently than other infections is connected with IDDM manifestations, but the results of examinations of convalescents after epidemic parotitis and of patients with newly diagnosed IDDM are contradictory. Parotitis viruses are believed to injure pancreatic beta-cells and trigger on the autoimmune process in carriers of certain antigens. In none of the 200 cases of IDDM manifestation a relationship with epidemic parotitis was established and none of the 268 convalescents after epidemic parotitis developed IDDM. Screening for antibodies to epidemic parotitis virus carried out in 61 patients with newly detected IDDM revealed low antibody titers in the majority (83.3%); HLA-B8 antigen was detected in 23% of these examinees. In the group of subjects with persistent high antibody titers and their diagnostic increment or reduction HLA-B8 antigen was found in only 12.5%. These results do not permit a conclusion on the relationship between IDDM manifestation and parotitis infection.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Sialoendoscopic and irrigation findings in chronic obstructive parotitis.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To study the sialographic changes related to sialoendoscopic and irrigation fluid findings in chronic obstructive parotitis. STUDY DESIGN: The sialographic changes were classified according to previous studies and related to sialoendoscopic and irrigation fluid findings. METHODS: This study included 26 patients with a long history of parotid swelling. All patients were examined by radiography and sialography and were diagnosed as having chronic obstructive parotitis without sialolithiasis. Sialoendoscopy was used to observe the ductal system and perform an irrigation treatment. The irrigated liquid was centrifuged, and the fluid deposits were stained and observed using light microscopy. RESULTS: In all cases, sialoendoscopic examination showed the ductal system was filled with fiber-like substances and hyperemia of the ductal wall. Although a few of the thin and short fiber-like substances were found in the chronic obstructive parotitis patients with sialographic type I and type II changes, many thick and long wadding or lumpy fiber-like substances were revealed in chronic obstructive parotitis patients with sialographic type III and IV changes. Microstones were found in two chronic obstructive parotitis patients with sialographic type III changes, which were stained and identified using light microscopy. Irrigation fluid examination showed that the fiber-like substance was composed of desquamative duct epithelial cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and acidophils. Also, some epithelial cells were found in two microliths. CONCLUSIONS: Sialoendoscopy can provide direct and more detailed observation of the ductal system compared with sialography. Fiber-like substances in the lumen of the ductal system are considered one of the obstructive factors associated with chronic obstructive parotitis.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1997

The possible significance of cytomegaloviral parotitis in infant and early childhood deaths.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cytomegaloviral (CMV) parotitis reflects a disseminated disease that increases vulnerability to unexpected death. DESIGN: Necropsy-based cross-sectional study comparing incidences of brain stem microglial nodules and visceral lymphocytic infiltrates in patients with and without CMV parotitis. SUBJECTS: One hundred twelve infants and young children comprising a study group of 40 individuals with CMV parotitis (including 32 whose deaths remained unexplained) and two comparison groups comprising 40 explained and 32 unexplained deaths. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence and variation with age of brain stem microglial nodules and lymphocytic infiltrates in liver and kidneys. RESULTS: Brain stem microglial nodules and lymphocytic infiltrates in liver and kidneys are strongly associated with CMV parotitis; their incidence diminishes with increasing age. CONCLUSIONS: Disseminated disease frequently accompanies CMV parotitis in infants. The resolution of brain stem microglial nodules precedes that of parotitis. Active and previous brain stem involvement may increase vulnerability to unexpected death.

Aging↗
PubMed1993

Drug-induced parotitis.

Drug-induced parotitis is a relatively uncommon adverse drug reaction. Most of the data on drug-induced parotitis consist of isolated case reports with few attempts at rechallenge to confirm the aetiology. Phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone have a significant number of reports suggesting that these drugs may be implicated in causing parotitis. Antipsychotics, particularly thioridazine, have been associated with parotitis. Most of these reports relate the anticholinergic oral drying as a predisposing factor in the development of a parotid gland infection. There is inadequate literature on the histamine (H2) receptor blockers, interferon-alpha, doxycycline, trimipramine, nifedipine, methyldopa, nitrofurantoin, nicardipine, isoproterenol or ritodrine to link them as aetiological agents in the development of parotitis.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed2004

Chronic parotitis: not another SPINKosis.

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatitis and parotitis share several etiological, pathohistological and functional similarities. It arose from recent pancreatitis research that some cases of chronic pancreatitis are associated with mutations of the serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type-1 (SPINK1). We tested the hypothesis that the pancreatitis-associated N34S mutation of SPINK1 is also a risk factor for chronic parotitis. METHODS: Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate SPINK1 transcription in the parotid gland. Forty-five blocks of formalin-fixed, paraffin wax-embedded tissues with chronic parotitis of unknown cause were analyzed for the SPINK1-N34S mutation. RESULTS: The SPINK1 gene is transcribed in the parotid gland. Two of the 45 patients (4.4%) with chronic parotitis carried the N34S mutation heterozygously. Of 82 healthy blood donors, 3 subjects (3.7%) were identified as carrying this mutation heterozygously (p = 0.83). CONCLUSION: The SPINK1-N34S mutation is not associated with chronic parotitis.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1990

[The results of an immunoepidemiological examination of foci of epidemic parotitis].

The immunoepidemiological survey of 54 foci of epidemic parotitis showed that the epidemiological effectiveness index at preschool institutions, equal to 2.7, was essentially higher than at schools (2.1). The significant difference (t = 3.35) in the epidemiological effectiveness indices was due to the presence of a large number of persons having had inapparent and faintly pronounced forms of epidemic parotitis among school children, as well as due to more close contacts of children with the foci of infection at preschool institutions. The study showed that among children immunized with some lots of parotitis vaccine elevated morbidity in epidemic parotitis was registered. In the foci of infection children, immunized in the presence of low initial titers of specific hemagglutinins in their sera, responded by a booster effect with different duration of stimulation of antibody formation. The hemagglutinin titer of 1:20 was shown to protect children from epidemic parotitis.

Antibodies, Viral↗