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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Rabbit pneumothorax. Feasibility of an animal model to simulate neonatal pneumothorax.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The feasibility of developing an animal model to simulate radiographic features of neonatal pneumothorax was investigated, and supine computed radiography (CR) and film-screen radiography (FS) images were compared. METHODS: 5-Fr pigtail catheters were inserted into the right pleural space of three New Zealand white rabbits. Two CR and two FS supine images were obtained using identical technique. After serial 4-mL injections of air, one CR and one FS supine image were obtained. The images were masked and randomized, and four radiologists reviewed the images for typical signs of pneumothorax. Chest computed tomography (CT) was performed before the injection of any air and after completion of the study. RESULTS: At zero-mL air volume, radiologists did not perceive a pneumothorax. As the air volume increased, the number of signs of a pneumothorax increased; there was no significant difference between CR and FS in the number of signs of pneumothorax detected at any volume. Chest CT confirmed that there was no unexplained air leak. The volume of air injected correlated with the calculated volume from the CT. CONCLUSIONS: This induced, volume-controlled, animal model simulated the supine radiographic features of neonatal pneumothorax.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Treatment of postbiopsy pneumothorax with a self-contained pneumothorax treatment device.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of a self-contained pneumothorax treatment device, in which a catheter and a one-way valve compose a single unit, in cases of postbiopsy pneumothorax. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients underwent placement of the device to drain a postbiopsy pneumothorax. Treatment was considered successful when no therapy other than the device was needed. RESULTS: Treatment was successful in 16 (76%) of the 21 patients. Causes of treatment failure were dislodgment of the device (n = 3), malfunction of the device (n = 1), and a persistent air leak that led to pneumothorax recurrence after removal of the device (n = 1). Eight patients (38%) experienced problems after insertion of the device: The device dislodged in seven patients and malfunctioned in one patient. These problems led to treatment failure in four patients (see above). In the remaining four, further treatment after device dislodgment was not required. CONCLUSION: Treatment with the self-contained pneumothorax treatment device shows promise. Modifications to the device may alleviate technical problems and insertion difficulties.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Pleura in pneumothorax. Comparison of patients with cystic fibrosis and idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax.

We studied pleura from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in order to define abnormalities that predispose to pneumothorax or are unique to CF. We compared the histology of CF pleura with that of young non-CF adults with "idiopathic" pneumothorax. Both CF and non-CF patients with pneumothorax showed distorted elastic fibers in areas of pleural fibrosis, adhesions, or air "cysts." Following pneumothorax, chronic inflammation, granulation tissue, fibrosis, mesothelial hyperplasia, and reactive eosinophilic pleuritis were also common. Although CF pleura appeared more intensely inflamed, only myxoid connective tissue and vascular proliferation were significantly more frequent in CF. Columnar, vacuolated mesothelial cells (Dunnill lesion) were focally observed only in patients with CF. We conclude that extensive degenerative pleural changes may predispose to pneumothorax in CF and represent a nonspecific response to chronic inflammation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Noisy pneumothorax. Clicking pneumothorax mimicking pericarditis].

A clicking, crackling, or crunching sound over the cardiac apex, sometimes followed or accompanied by left-sided chest pain, is usually thought to be caused by pericarditis. It is frequently ignored that these symptoms can be due to a small left-sided pneumothorax, called noisy pneumothorax. The pneumothorax can be visualized on X-ray taken in full expiration. Noisy pneumothorax can be followed by various electrocardiographic changes, thus simulating myocardial infarction and other serious heart diseases. Therefore, it is important to have this differential diagnosis in mind as a possibility when healthy, young people are admitted to the hospital with heart symptoms. Two cases of noisy pneumothorax simulating pericarditis are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Catheter aspiration for simple pneumothorax (CASP) in the outpatient management of simple traumatic pneumothorax.

Catheter aspiration for simple pneumothorax (CASP) was evaluated prospectively in the outpatient management of simple traumatic pneumothorax in 17 patients and compared to conventional tube thoracostomy (CTT) in 17 matched control patients. In 16 of the 17 consecutive study patients CASP maintained lung reexpansion without complications. Pneumothorax was due to needle puncture for drug abuse in 11 patients, stab wounds in five patients, and blunt trauma in one patient. The CASP patients were not hospitalized, whereas the control CTT patients averaged 4.9 days' hospitalization. CTT was associated with complications in two patients versus none for CASP. Parenteral analgesics were utilized for greater than 48 hours in CTT patients but were not needed for CASP patients. Costs averaged +310 for CASP compared to +3,030 for CTT. This ongoing pilot study data indicates that CASP is a reasonable alternative to CTT in selected patients with simple traumatic pneumothorax.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Tension pneumothorax and contralateral presumed pneumothorax from endobronchial intubation via cricothyroidotomy.

Cricothyroidotomy can be a life-saving procedure for the "can't intubate, can't ventilate" patient who has upper-airway obstruction. The procedure is usually fast and easy to do; however, complications have been reported. We report two cases in which cricothyroidotomy with an endotracheal tube led to unrecognized endobronchial intubation, ipsilateral tension pneumothorax, contralateral presumed pneumothorax, and unnecessary emergency surgery. Additionally, these led to the triad of hypotension, hypoxemia, and, probably, elevated intracranial pressure, which can worsen cerebral injury. We discuss methods to avoid these complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Recurrent menstruation-associated pneumothorax--catamenial pneumothorax].

The case of a 28-year old patient with a rare complication of an extensive endometriosis externa is described. A spontaneous pneumothorax occurred on 3 occasions corresponding each time with the start of the menstrual period. The various hypotheses on the aetiology and treatment of this rare condition are reviewed. To date only 65 patients with this interesting clinical entity have been recorded.

Adult↗