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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Factors associated with palmoplantar or plantar pompholyx: a case-control study].

BACKGROUND: Disydrosis or pompholyx is a chronic and recurrent form of dermatosis that poses a number of therapeutic issues. The etiopathology of the condition is unclear. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the palmoplantar and plantar dysidrosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective case-control study conducted between June 2001 and February 2004 at the University Hospital of Lome (Togo). Each case (palmoplantar or plantar pompholyx) was matched for age (+/- 5 years) and sex with two controls. Examination for tinea pedis was performed in all participants (patients and controls) but mycologic culture alone was done in patients with interdigital-plantar intertrigo. RESULTS: One hundred patients with pompholyx were matched with 200 controls. Mean age was 32.8 +/- 14.8 years in the patient group and 31.4 +/- 14.8 years in the control group. For univariate analysis, the main factors associated with pompholyx were: personal atopy (OR = 12.6; CI95%: 6.4 - 25.1) and familial atopy (OR = 5.8; CI95%: 3.2 - 10.5); history of eczema (OR = 5.4; CI95%: 2.6 - 11.4); hyperhidrosis (OR=4.5; CI 95%: 5.5 - 40.7), sport (OR = 8.8; CI 95%: 3.9 - 20.8); tinea pedis (OR = 15.6; CI 95%: 7.5 - 32.9). In multivariate analysis, atopy (OR = 10.5; CI95%: 8.4 - 20.8) and tinea pedis (OR = 18; CI95%: 10.5 - 25.2) were the only factors associated with pompholyx. Trichophyton rubrum was the most common etiology of tinea pedis in both patients and controls. DISCUSSION: The results of this study show atopy and tinea pedis as factors statistically associated with palmoplantar or plantar pompholyx. However, only cohort studies can determine the precise causal relationship between tinea pedis and pompholyx.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The role of metal allergy and local hyperhidrosis in the pathogenesis of pompholyx.

Pompholyx (Dyshidrosis) is a disease of unknown etiology presenting as symmetrical, vesicular hand and foot dermatitis. To clarify the pathogenetic role of sweat and metal allergy, twenty five patients with pompholyx were examined with respect to their perspiration volume using equipment that continuously recorded the local perspiration volume. Patients were also examined for metal allergy by patch testing and oral challenge tests. The perspiration volumes were measured using recently developed equipment for continuous recording of local perspiration volume (Kenz-Perspiro oss-100). The perspiration volume of pompholyx patients was found to be 2.5 times higher than that of age-matched normal controls. Twenty percent of the patients showed sensitivity to chromate, 16% to cobalt, and 28% to nickel on patch testing. Six patients with positive results were challenged orally in a controlled trial with 2.5 mg nickel, 1 mg cobalt, or 2.5 mg chromium. Four of them (67%) showed vesicular reactions on their hands with challenge testing. These results indicated a sensitivity to metal compounds which, in combination with local hyperhidrosis, may contribute to the development of vesicular lesions in pompholyx.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

The gene for a rare autosomal dominant form of pompholyx maps to chromosome 18q22.1-18q22.3.

Pompholyx is a rather common disorder characterized by recurrent crops of vesicles or bullae on the lateral aspects of the fingers, as well as the palms and soles with non-erythematous skin. Until now, very few large families have been reported, so no gene or locus has been identified. Here, we performed a genome-wide search in a large Chinese family to map the chromosome location of the responsible gene. We identified a locus at chromosome 18q22.1-18q22.3 with a maximum two-point LOD score of 3.61 at marker D18S1131 (theta = 0.00). Haplotype analyses indicated that the disease gene is located within 12.07 cM region between markers D18S465 and D18S1362, which corresponds to 8.0 Mb. This is the first locus identified for pompholyx. It will aid future identification of the responsible gene, which will be useful for the understanding of the molecular mechanism of pompholyx.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Role of contact allergens in pompholyx.

Fifty patients of both sexes with clinically suspected pompholyx were patch tested with the Indian Standard Patch Test Battery approved by the Contact & Occupational Dermatosis Forum of India (CODFI). Most of these patients were young adults between 20-39 years of age with a mean age of 30 years. The mean duration of symptoms was 4 years. The occupational profile of the patients included students (20%), housewives (16%), housewives engaged in farming (12%), labourers (12%), farmers (12%) and paramedical workers (6%). The miscellaneous group, including salesmen, teachers and photographers, accounted for the remaining 22%. The clinical patterns of presentation of pompholyx included cheiropompholyx (60%), cheiropompholyx and podopompholyx (36%) and podopompholyx alone (4%). Patch test analysis of these patients revealed that, out of the 50 subjects tested, 20 (40%) reacted to one or more allergens. Nickel sulphate was the commonest offending allergen (14%) followed by potassium dichromate and phenylene diamine and nitrofurazone (8% each), fragrance mix (6%) and cobalt chloride (4%), in descending order of frequency. Hence, patch testing may be considered for all patients with recurrent episodes of pompholyx as allergic contact dermatitis may be relatively common in such patients and the avoidance of offending allergens may be of substantial benefit to these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Contact and microbial allergy in pompholyx.

Contact sensitivity to medicaments and other chemical allergens has been observed in about 30% of 364 patients with pompholyx. Pompholyx is a recurrent vesicular eruption which increases the incidence of contact sensitivity. The majority of patients tested by means of intradermal and cultural tests did not show any relevant finding on the microbial nature, allergic or not, of pompholyx.

Allergens↗
PubMed1992

Epidemiological, clinical and allergological observations on pompholyx.

We have studied a group of 104 patients with pompholyx, to investigate the relationship between allergological factors and its etiopathogenesis. The following examinations were performed: blood sampling (routine tests and IgE levels), allergological tests (patch, prick, intradermal, and oral provovation tests with nickel sulphate), skin biopsy to exclude pemphigus vulgaris or bullous pemphigoid. An accurate history of familial and personal allergic diathesis was enquired for and various possible aggravating factors (season, microclimate, perspiration and emotional stress) were considered. The results were age and sex-matched with a healthy control group (208 subjects). We found familial and personal atopic diathesis in 50% of patients versus 11.5% of controls (p less than 0.001); 39 patients (37.49%) also had high levels of IgE. Nickel sulphate was the allergen with the highest positivity on patch testing: 20.19% versus 6.25% of the control group (p less than 0.001). The % of patients allergic to nickel reached 26%, including those (6 patients) reacting to the oral provocation test. Season (43 patients) and hyperhidrosis (38) were the aggravating factors most commonly claimed. We detected no correlation between age, sex, grading of pompholyx and the allergological parameters investigated. Though several different allergological findings have previously been reported in dyshidrosis, their role in its pathogenesis has not yet been fully explained. We think that different haptens or antigens can produce the same clinical and histological picture of pompholyx in predisposed subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Annular pompholyx.

The common manifestation of pompholyx is easily recognized by the clinician. Morphologic variants are known in which the predominant lesions are pustules or desquamation with or without erythema. A patient is described herein whose eruption was composed mainly of arciform, annular, and target-like vesicles. Pompholyx (bubble) is a preferred term because "dyshidrosis" denotes a dysfunction of sweating, which does not occur in this condition. The causes of this eruption have not been determined, but it is likely that a certain genetic predisposition and multiple environmental factors are responsible. Pompholyx should be considered in the differential diagnosis of eruptions with annular pattern.

Eczema, Dyshidrotic↗
PubMed1985

Pompholyx--a one year series.

During one year 68 patients with pompholyx attending the outpatient clinic at the Department of Dermatology, Lund, were examined with special regard to occupational disability. Owing to pompholyx 56 patients had sick-leave, and in 48 sick-leave lasted more than 1 month. No patient needed change of occupation because of pompholyx, and no disability pension was granted because of the disease.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed2004

Photoinduced pompholyx: a report of 5 cases.

We describe 5 patients whose histories and investigation findings point toward a diagnosis of photo-induced hand pompholyx, a previously unreported condition. Several factors have been associated with the exacerbation of pompholyx, but no direct relationship with sunlight exposure has been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Low-dose oral methotrexate treatment for recalcitrant palmoplantar pompholyx.

We describe 5 patients with severe pompholyx who did not respond to conventional therapy or who had debilitating side effects from corticosteroids. Low-dose methotrexate was added to their treatment regimens and led to significant improvement or clearing with a favorable side-effect profile. In all 5 patients the need for oral corticosteroid therapy was substantially decreased or eliminated, thus decreasing potential corticosteroid-induced morbidity. In this uncontrolled series of patients with recalcitrant palmoplantar pompholyx, methotrexate was an effective treatment and acted as a steroid-sparing agent.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Disodium cromoglycate versus diet in the treatment and prevention of nickel-positive pompholyx.

In some cases that have been diagnosed as contact allergy to nickel, there are repeated cutaneous eruptions of pompholyx, even in areas with no direct contact with the metal. The possible alimentary origin of dyshidrotic eczema should be considered when deciding on therapy. We have collected the clinical data for 24 patients with dyshidrotic eczema caused by nickel, to evaluate the benefit of a low-nickel diet versus treatment with oral disodium cromoglycate, comparing both objective and subjective symptoms. A low-nickel diet does not improve these patients but those treated with DSCG reacted better, from both objective and subjective point of view, than either the controls or the patients treated by diet. We next did intestinal permeability tests before therapy and after 15 days of treatment. We found that nickel uptake diminishes simultaneously with the reduction of absorption through the smaller aqueous "pores". This phenomenon was greatest after DSCG. We suggest that DSCG can help selected cases of pompholyx.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Pharmacotherapy of pompholyx.

Pompholyx is an inflammatory vesicobullous disorder of the palms and soles. The condition is difficult to treat because of the peculiarities of the affected skin, namely, the thick horny layer and richness of sweat glands. The cornerstones of topical therapy are corticosteroids, although calcineurin inhibitors seem to be effective as well. Topical photochemotherapy with 8-methoxypsoralen is as effective as systemic photochemotherapy or high-dose ultra violet Type A-1 irradiation. Systemic therapy is often necessary in bullous pompholyx. Corticosteroids are used commonly, although no controlled studies have been published. For recalcitrant cases corticosteroids are combined with immunosuppressants. A new evolving treatment seems to be the intradermal injection of botulinum toxin.

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant↗
PubMed1979

Nickel, cobalt and chromium sensitivity in patients with pompholyx (dyshidrotic eczema).

Sixteen patients with negative routine patch tests were challenged orally in a controlled trial with 2.5 mg nickel, 1 mg cobalt, and 2.5 mg chromium given as salts of the respective metals. All of the patients had symmetrical, vesicular hand dermatitis and in some cases also foot involvement. The dermatitis of two patients flared after challenge with cobalt; in two patients flare occurred following chromate ingestion. Prior to the oral challenge all the patients were patch tested with nickel sulphate, cobalt chloride and potassium dichromate after adhesive tape stripping. Solutions of the same metal salts were used for intradermal testing. The intradermal test sites were read after 20 minutes and 48 hours, the patch tests after 48 h. Skin test reactivity correlated poorly to the results of the oral challenge, possibly due to nonspecific skin test reactivity. It is concluded that oral challenge is a valuable adjunctive diagnostic procedure in patients with pompholyx who have negative routine patch tests.

Chromium↗