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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Continuous infusion propofol general anesthesia for dental treatment in patients with progressive muscular dystrophy.

Progressive muscular dystrophy may produce abnormal reactions to several drugs. There is no consensus of opinion regarding the continuous infusion of propofol in patients with progressive muscular dystrophy. We successfully treated 2 patients with progressive muscular dystrophy who were anesthetized with a continuous infusion of propofol. In case 1, a 19-year-old, 59-kg man with Becker muscular dystrophy and mental retardation was scheduled for dental treatment under general anesthesia. General anesthesia was maintained by a continuous infusion of 6-10 mg/kg propofol per hour and an inhalational mixture of 67% nitrous oxide and 33% oxygen. No complications were observed during or after the operation. In case 2, a 5-year-old, 11-kg boy with Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy and slight mental retardation was scheduled for dental treatment under general anesthesia. General anesthesia was maintained with a continuous infusion of 6-12 mg/kg propofol per hour and an inhalational mixture of 0.5-1.5% sevoflurane in 67% nitrous oxide and 33% oxygen. No complications were observed during or after the operation. It is speculated that a continuous infusion of propofol in progressive muscular dystrophy does not cause malignant hyperthermia because serum levels of creatine phosphokinase and myoglobin decreased after our anesthetic management. Furthermore, our observations suggest that sevoflurane may have some advantages in patients with progressive type muscular dystrophies other than Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Becker muscular dystrophy. In conclusion, our cases suggest that a continuous infusion of propofol for the patients with progressive muscular dystrophy is a safe component of our anesthetic strategy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Cardiac problems in patients with progressive muscular dystrophy].

Progressive muscular dystrophy causes both skeletal and significant cardiological changes. Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examinations were provided in 30 patients with muscular dystrophy (17 of them with progressive muscular dystrophy Duchenne type, 13 with skeletal muscular dystrophy). In 50% cases were found left ventricle filling disorder, in two cases echocardiographic signs of pulmonary hypertension. ECG showed in one third of cases incomplete right bundle branch block, supraventricular tachycardia was also frequently found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and its relation to endomysial fibrosis in progressive muscular dystrophy.

Progressive muscular dystrophy is characterized by muscle fiber necrosis, regeneration, and endomysial fibrosis. Although absence of dystrophin has been known as the cause of muscle fiber degeneration, pathogenesis of interstitial fibrosis is still unknown. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) induces accumulation of extracellular matrix in various diseases, such as liver cirrhosis and interstitial pneumonitis. To investigate its function on the pathogenesis of progressive muscular dystrophy, it was necessary to determine the degree of TGF-beta 1 expression and the site of TGF-beta 1 immunoreactivity. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy and most of Becker muscular dystrophy, high TGF-beta 1 immunoreactivity expressed on muscle fibers and extracellular space. In other myopathies with endomysial fibrosis, however, TGF-beta 1 was seldom observed. We also examined the immunoreactivity of the latent TGF-beta binding protein, which is bound to the TGF-beta precursors. In all Duchenne muscular dystrophy and half of Becker muscular dystrophy cases, high latent TGF-beta 1 binding protein immunoreactivity was seen, but in other myopathies its immunoreactivity was seldom seen on muscle fibers or extracellular space. Therefore TGF-beta 1 may play an important role in synthesis and accumulation of extracellular matrix in progressive muscular dystrophy.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Prandial hypoxia in progressive muscular dystrophy].

Progressive muscular dystrophy patients often show progressive body weight loss in early adolescence. This severe body weight loss frequently causes superior mesenteric artery syndrome which may result in a fatal outcome. We performed prandial pulse oximetry and found 12 out of 35 Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, 1 out of 2 Becker muscular dystrophy patients and 1 out of 3 Limb-Girdle muscular dystrophy patients showed prandial hypoxia with tachycardia. The patients became tired and eating habits were easily interrupted resulting in progressive body weight loss. Nasal administration of 0.2L/min oxygen to 2 Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, and nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation to 2 Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, 1 Becker muscular dystrophy patient and 1 Limb-Girdle muscular dystrophy patient for 15-30 minutes before eating improved the prandial hypoxia and halted the progression of body weight loss. This prandial hypoxia is one of the earliest signs of respiratory failure in progressive muscular dystrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Value of muscular echography in the detection of carriers of progressive muscular dystrophy].

Progressive muscular dystrophy is an hereditary disease with a sex-linked recessive transmission. It is remarkable that in a 33% of the patients the disease is due to a spontaneous mutation. The great deal of methods described for the detection of carriers, reflects their poor reliability. The gemellus muscles of 11 women belonging to 3 different families with children affected by progressive muscular dystrophy were explored by means of ultrasounds. Comparison was made with healthy controls. Since our findings are in concordance with those of the literature, we recommend the use of muscular ultrasounds in the detection of Duchenne muscular dystrophy carriers, specially considering the accessibility, innocuousness and quickness of this method.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Altered expression of myostatin gene in the progressive muscular dystrophy patients].

Progressive muscular dystrophy is a group of inherited disorders characterized by progressive skeletal muscle wasting and weakness, which is not of neurogenic origin. Myostatin, a new member of the TGF-beta super-family, is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. To investigate the possible involvement of myostatin in the development of progressive muscular dystrophy, we cloned and sequenced myostatin cDNAs from the progressive muscular dystrophy patients by RT-PCR. Levels of myostatin mRNA and protein in the patients were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot,respectively. We did not find any mutations in the myostatin cDNA sequences from the progressive muscular dystrophy patients in this study. However, we found that the levels of myostatin transcripts were reduced in some patients and the processing and maturation of myostatin protein were inhibited in some patients. Our data demonstrated that the pathogenesis of some types or subtypes of progressive muscular dystrophy is probably associated with the altered myostatin expression and the processing inhibition of myostatin protein.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed2005

[Expression of connective tissue growth factor in progressive muscular dystrophy].

OBJECTIVE: Progressive muscular dystrophy (PMD) is characterized by muscle fiber necrosis, regeneration, and endomysial fibrosis. Although absence of dystrophin and subsarcolemmic protein has been known as the cause of muscle fiber degeneration, pathogenesis of interstitial fibrosis is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in PMD and its relationship with muscular fibrosis. METHODS: Immunological localization of CTGF was examined in frozen muscle specimens obtained via biopsy from 8 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), 2 patients with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), 6 patients with congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) and 6 cases with normal muscle by immunohistochemistry, double immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. RESULTS: The results of immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence showed that CTGF was positive only in vessels of normal muscle. Both immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis showed that CTGF expression was distinctly increased in dystrophy muscles of PMD than that in normal muscles. In dystrophy muscle, marked immunostaining of CTGF was not only observed in vascular walls, but also strongly expressed in the cytoplasm and nuclei of regenerating muscle fibers, and also immunolocalized in the muscle fiber sarcolemma of non-regenerating fibers. Double labeling with antibodies against CTGF and CD68 demonstrated that CTGF was expressed in some macrophages and some macrophage infiltrated necrotic fibers. CTGF was strongly expressed in endomysial and perimysial connective tissues of dystrophy muscles of patients with DMD, CMD and FCMD. Double immunolabeling revealed that most activated fibroblasts in perimysium and endomysium were positive for CTGF, but not all of connective tissues were co-localized with CTGF. Older cases with FCMD showed poor or no expression of CTGF in advanced fibrosis. CONCLUSION: CTGF may play a role in the pathogenetic process of muscular dystrophy, and CTGF may be important for muscle repair and fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Autosomal recessive distal muscular dystrophy as a new type of progressive muscular dystrophy. Seventeen cases in eight families including an autopsied case.

A new type of progressive muscular dystrophy, autosomal recessive distal muscular dystrophy, is described, based on observations on 17 cases (8 males and 9 females) in 8 families, including an autopsied case. The disease developed in young adults. Muscle weakness and atrophy were most marked in the distal parts of the legs, especially in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, and then spread to the thighs and gluteal muscles. Early impairment of standing on tip-toe with retention of the ability to stand on the heels was conspicuous. Difficulty in climbing stairs, standing up and walking subsequently appeared, but rarely progressed to confinement to bed. The forearms became mildly atrophic, with decrease in grip strength, but the small hand muscles were spared. The EMG showed myopathic changes and nerve conduction was normal. Serum creatine kinase activity was characteristically increased up to 100-fold in the early stages of the disease. It was also markedly increased in subjects in the preclinical stage and mildly in some heterozygotes. Muscle biopsies revealed myopathic changes with severe segmental necrosis accompanied by regeneration. The changes were similar to those of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. An autopsied case, aged 68 years, showed generalized muscle abnormalities with a distal predominance. The muscles in the lower legs, especially those of the calves, were severely affected. No lesions were found in the brain, spinal cord or peripheral nerves.

Adolescent↗