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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2025

Improving the Annotations of JCVI-Syn3a Proteins.

The JCVI-Syn3 organism is a minimal organism derived from Mycoplasma mycoides capri, which is capable of self-replication. While the ancestor has 863 genes, the synthetic progeny has only 473, with 434 of these coding for proteins. Despite initial efforts to understand all functions of the organism, a significant number of these protein-coding genes still have unknown functions, and subsequent studies have been only partially successful in elucidating their roles. In this study, we employ our innovative method PROST to identify homologs and better understand these previously unidentified genes. PROST employs protein language embeddings and enables the identification of remote homologs with as low as 16% sequence identity. PROST successfully finds functionally annotated homologs for 93% of the minimal genome with a high level of accuracy, both confirming previously identified functions, as well as proposing new functions for others. The results of our study can be accessed at https://bit.ly/prost-syn3a .

Molecular Sequence Annotation↗
PubMed1991

Electrolyte effects on bilayer tubule formation by a diacetylenic phospholipid.

A general effect by dissolved electrolytes to destabilize the curvature of bilayer tubules prepared from the diacetylenic phospholipid, 1,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is not found. This observation discounts the role of an electrostatic interaction between polarization charges on the edges of a ferroelectric bilayer as a means by which the cylindrical curvature may be stabilized in these structures (de Gennes, P. G. 1987. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris. 304:259-263). The solution-mediated ionic interactions of electrolytes with this phospholipid appear not to influence significantly the relative stability of the crystalline state of the tubule, but at high levels of a few salts, may affect the nucleation and growth of the crystalline bilayer. Curvature of the bilayer in these tubular structures apparently derives from an interaction that is not very sensitive to the presence of electrolytes. Cylindrical curvature may alternatively arise from a bending force within the bilayer that is intrinsic to the anisotropic packing of the lipid molecules (Helfrich, W., and J. Prost. 1988. Phys. Rev. A38:3065-3068; Chappell, J. S., and P. Yager. 1991. Chem. Phys. Lipids. In press), and may therefore be largely determined by the packing interactions within the hydrophobic region of the tubular bilayer.

Calorimetry↗
PubMed1992

After superovulation-intrauterine insemination fails: the prognosis for treatment by gamete intrafallopian transfer/pronuclear stage transfer.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognosis for gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)/pronuclear stage transfer (PROST) treatment after prior superovulation-intrauterine insemination (IUI). DESIGN: Matched, retrospective. SETTING: Outpatient university endocrine-infertility program. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: One hundred forty-four women matched for infertility factors and age were studied according to the following three treatment groups: superovulation-IUI only, GIFT/PROST only, or GIFT/PROST after superovulation-IUI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Per cycle and cumulative pregnancy rates (PRs) were compared utilizing life table analysis. RESULTS: Cumulative PRs (0.408) for superovulation-IUI only were lower than initial (0.469) and cumulative (0.802) cycle fecundity of GIFT/PROST (P = 0.002). Per cycle and cumulative PRs did not differ between GIFT/PROST only versus GIFT/PROST after superovulation-IUI. CONCLUSIONS: Gamete intrafallopian transfer/PROST may be cost-effective when compared with superovulation-IUI. The prognosis for GIFT/PROST success is not negatively affected by earlier superovulation-IUI treatment failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Improved development of human embryos in vitro by a human oviductal cell co-culture system.

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of co-culture with human oviductal cells on human embryos. Spare embryos from gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT), pronuclear stage transfer (PROST) and in-vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (IVF/ET) programmes were either cultured in serum-supplemented Earle's balanced salt solution alone, or co-cultured in the same solution with oviductal cells from the pronuclear stage (day 1 post-insemination) or two- to four-cell stage (day 2 post-insemination). The co-cultured embryos appeared to have a higher developmental potential (higher rate of blastocyst formation and lower fragmentation rate), although there was no statistical difference in their rate of development, degree of fragmentation and stages attained, when compared with conventionally cultured embryos. The percentage of hatching blastocysts was significantly higher (P less than 0.05, Fisher's exact test) for embryos co-cultured from day 1 post-insemination (38%) than for embryos which had not been co-cultured (7%). The blastocyst hatching rate for embryos co-cultured from day 2 post-insemination was 15%. It was therefore concluded that co-culture of human embryos with oviductal cells could improve the development of the embryos in vitro. The degree of improvement was more pronounced when the co-culture started at an earlier stage.

Blastocyst↗
PubMed1992

[Localized hyperthermia of the prostate via the rectum in chronic inoperable urinary retention].

Local transrectal hyperthermia of the prostate was used to treat 16 poor surgical risk patients who had an indwelling catheter because of chronic urinary retention caused by benign prostatic hypertrophy. We used the Brucker (Prost-care) model with a rectal applicator, a water cooling system and a microwave generator operating at 915 MHz. Intraprostatic temperatures of 42 degrees to 44 degrees C were measured by a radiometric system. 12 patients received a complete treatment which consists in 6 to 10 sessions of one hour and was controlled at least one month later. 8 of them no longer need a catheter. Uroflowmetry was between 7.5 and 17.6 ml/sec and residual urine appreciate by ultrasounds was less than 60 cm3.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Corticosteroid injection of the sacroiliac joint in patients with seronegative spondylarthropathy.

OBJECTIVE: We report our experience with the use of corticosteroid injections into the sacroiliac joint in the treatment of patients with seronegative spondylarthropathy. METHODS: We performed 42 injections, constituting 24 procedures in 22 patients (2 patients had the procedure performed twice). RESULTS: The response was considered very good or good in 19 of 24 procedures (79.2%) and 34 of 42 joints (81%). Improvement persisted in 14 patients after a mean +/- SD followup time of 9.6 +/- 4.2 months. CONCLUSION: This technique appears to be safe, easy to apply into ambulatory patients, and quite effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch 6% compared to albumin 4% during intentional hemodilution.

Intentional normovolemic hemodilution was chosen as the model to compare a 6% low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch (LMW HES) to 4% albumin. The study ran over the plasma exchange period for 24 h. Nine patients, scheduled for abdominal aortic surgery, were included in each group. After basal measurements, blood was withdrawn and simultaneously replaced by either 4% albumin (Group 1) or 6% LMW HES (Group 2) to achieve a final hematocrit of approximately 30%. Hemodynamic blood oxygen gas and hormonal plasma levels were determined before hemodilution then at 30 min, 1, 2, 3, and 24 h after the end of hemodilution. Basal value for total blood volume was 4377 +/- 162 ml in group 1 and 4138 +/- 315 ml in group 2. As in both groups the decrease in blood cell volume was exactly compensated by the increase in plasma volume, no significant change in total blood volume (respectively 4432 +/- 159 and 4305 +/- 267 ml) was observed. Throughout the study, in both groups, no significant change in mean arterial and right atrial pressures was observed. In group 2 (LMW HES), a significant increase of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was noted 120 min after hemodilution. After hemodilution, despite a significant decrease in arterial oxygen O2 content, systemic oxygen transport did not significantly vary until 24 h in relation to the increased cardiac index. An increase in O2 extraction was observed after the exchange but no further increase was observed until the 24 h. No significant changes either in global O2 consumption or in lactate concentration were detected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Dactylogyrids on the gills of roach in central Finland: features of infection and species composition.

Monogenean parasites were examined from the gills of 660 roach (Rutilus rutilus) in four interconnected lakes in Central Finland between February and November 1986 and in three of the same lakes between February and December 1988. One of the lakes is eutrophic and polluted due to a paper and pulp mill, one is oligotrophic and in a natural state, and the other two lakes are eutrophic. The prevalence of Dactylogyrus infection was always high. Differences between the lakes and the years were observed in the intensity of infection, which was significantly higher in the polluted lake. The intensity was also higher in older fish. Nine Dactylogyrus species were found, and of these D. crucifer and D. nanus were numerically dominant in all of the lakes studied, especially in the oligotrophic lake. In 1986 D. fallax, D. similis and D. suecicus constituted significant proportions of the fauna in the polluted lake. D. micracanthus was most common in the eutrophic lakes. In 1988 the species composition in the polluted lake was most similar to that in the eutrophic lake.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Unilateral laterothoracic exanthem in children: a new disease?

BACKGROUND: We have examined 18 children with a similar laterothoracic exanthem that appears to represent a distinct entity. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the characteristic signs and clinical course of this eruption and its epidemiology data. METHODS: We observed the clinical course of the eruption in each child. RESULTS: The eruption has characteristic features. It occurs in a homogeneous age group (mean 23.3 months). It is initially unilateral and localized close to the axilla. The basic lesion is eczematous or scarlatiniform. The eruption evolves in two phases: it spreads centrifugally during the first 8 days and becomes more widespread on the tenth to fifteenth days, with predominant involvement on the half of the body initially affected. The lesions resolve spontaneously within 4 weeks. The long-term course is uneventful. CONCLUSION: The similarity of the cases suggests the existence of a new clinical entity. Many features favor a viral origin.

Axilla↗
PubMed1992

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita in a 3 1/2-year-old girl.

A 3 1/2-year-old girl had a subepidermal bullous eruption with immunopathologic features that were consistent with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita or bullous systemic lupus erythematosus. This report highlights the difficulty encountered in distinguishing between epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and other bullous disorders that involve the dermoepidermal junction and the need for modern immunologic investigations in the diagnosis of bullous diseases in children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Localized pretibial pemphigoid and pemphigoid nodularis.

We describe a 75-year-old woman with a chronic, blistering eruption on the left leg whose clinical and immunopathologic features were consistent with a diagnosis of localized pretibial pemphigoid. After a disease-free interval of 5 years she developed a generalized prurigo nodularis-like eruption. Immunofluorescence studies revealed deposition of IgG and C3 along the dermoepidermal junction, and circulating autoantibodies against the dermoepidermal junction were demonstrated. Indirect immunoelectron microscopic examination of saponin-treated skin samples showed deposits of immunoreactants over the intracellular part of the hemidesmosomes. By Western immunoblotting the 230 kd bullous pemphigoid antigen was recognized by circulating autoantibodies. Thus our patient had two unusual clinical variants of bullous pemphigoid: localized pretibial pemphigoid and pemphigoid nodularis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Atrial natriuretic peptide during water deprivation or hemorrhage in rats. Relationship with arginine vasopressin and osmolarity.

The concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in atria, hypothalami and plasma were investigated in relation to the variations of the plasma endogenous immunoreactive arginine vasopressin (Ir-AVP) during water deprivation or hemorrhage in normal conscious Wistar rats. Furthermore, the in vitro and in vivo effect of extracellular hyperosmolarity on ANP release from right atrium and hypothalamus was examined. Water deprivation elevated circulating immunoreactive ANP (Ir-ANP: pg/ml) to 153 +/- 7 (24 h); 174 +/- 1 (48 h) from the control level (109.6 +/- 7.8). This increase in Ir-ANP concentration which correlated with atrial (r = -0.93) or hypothalamic (r = -0.87) Ir-ANP content decrease, was associated with significantly enhanced levels of plasma Ir-AVP, plasma sodium, osmolarity and hematocrit. An acute volume depletion by hemorrhage significantly reduced plasma Ir-ANP (67 +/- 8.4 pg/ml) from the sham operated level (140 +/- 18 pg/ml). Plasma Ir-AVP was elevated dramatically (207.4 +/- 53.4 pg/ml) compared with the sham operated level (8.8 +/- 2.6 pg/ml). These results, indicating the lack of correlation between plasma Ir-ANP and Ir-AVP in vivo, suggest that the ANP secretion, which is regulated mainly by plasma volume, may be modulated by a change in plasma osmolarity. Extracellular hyperosmolarity stimulated the ANP release from superfused sliced normal rat atria and hypothalami.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

In vitro effect of synthetic progestogens on estrone sulfatase activity in human breast carcinoma.

The effect of progesterone and nine synthetic progestogens on the activity rate of microsome estrone sulfatase obtained from human breast carcinoma tissues was studied. The progestogens were classified into three groups: group I with a strict inhibitor effect: demegestone and chlormadinone acetate; group II with a strict activator effect: medroxyprogesterone acetate, quingestanol acetate, lynestrenol and progesterone and group III with a nonsignificant effect: dydrogesterone, promegestone, norgestrel and danazol. Demegestone was the most potent inhibitor and medroxyprogesterone acetate and quingestanol acetate had the highest activator effect. The effect of Triton X-100, a nonionic detergent, was also tested. This detergent consistently increased the microsome estrone sulfatase activity. A comparison was made between the effects of demegestone, medroxyprogesterone acetate and danazol on estrone sulfatase activity measured with or without Triton X-100 in the incubation medium. The presence of the detergent modified the progestogen action. Our results suggest that synthetic progestogens can influence the estrone sulfatase activity measured in human breast carcinoma tissues. However, the effect of progestogens was dependent on experimental conditions. Progestogens such as demegestone and chlormadinone acetate which inhibited estrone sulfatase activity in intact preparations, can reduce the intracellular production of biological active estrogen via the sulfatase pathway.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Identification of 2 alpha-hydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione in human pregnancy urine.

2 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone (2 alpha-hydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione) was identified in human late pregnancy urine by liquid-gel chromatography, GLC and GC-MS. In addition, the following 2-hydroxylated C21 steroids were found and identified as 2 zeta-hydroxy-5 zeta-pregnane-3,20-dione, 2 zeta,20 zeta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, 2 alpha,3 alpha-dihydroxy-5 alpha- (and 5 beta)-pregnan-20-one, two isomers of pregnane-2,3,20-triol and 2 zeta,3 zeta,16 zeta-trihydroxy-5 zeta-pregnan-20-one.

Chromatography, Gel↗