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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Parent Attitude Research Instrument (PARI): clinical vs. statistical inferences in understanding abusive mothers.

Attitudes toward child rearing and early experiences in childhood traditionally have been regarded as psychodynamic factors that influence adult behavior. The present study assessed the capacity of the Parent Attitude Research Instrument (PARI) to differentiate between court-identified abusive mothers and a control sample of nonabusive, well-baby clinic mothers of comparable socioeconomic status. While univariate t-tests showed statistical significance for 3 of the 23 PARI scales, more sophisticated and appropriate multivariate tests (Discriminant Function Analysis) demonstrated that the PARI correctly classified the experimental and control Ss only 65% of the time. It appears that the PARI alone should not be used to identify potentially abusive mothers. Even more important, the results caution and alert non-statistically informed clinicians and researchers to the pitfall of over-interpreting clinical data that are based on the more simple univariate tests of statistical significance.

Attitude↗
PubMed1979

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in France: I. Retrospective study of the Paris area during the ten-year period 1968-1977.

A systematic search for cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease occurring in the ten-year period 1968 through 1977 was conducted in the city of Paris and surrounding departments which comprise the greater Paris area. Fifty-six cases were found among the total population of approximately 10 million inhabitants, with a maximum incidence of 1.1 cases per year per million people in the densely populated city of Paris and a progressively lower incidence in the less heavily populated suburban and rural areas of the region. There was no temporal or geographic clustering of disease. Attention is drawn to the often rapid onset and short duration of illness (nearly two-thirds of the patients died within five months of onset) and the frequent early occurrence of symptoms such as asthenia, diaphoresis, and disturbances of sleep and appetite.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Description of the banding patterns of human chromosomes by acriding orange reverse banding (RFA) and comparison with the Paris banding diagram.

A reference diagram is presented which is comparable to the Paris banding diagram but which was based primarily on chromosomes studied by acridine orange reverse banding. Comparison with the Paris Conference (1971) banding diagram was made. Bands were combined in 13 instances and subdivided in 10 cases. The number of bands was found to depend primarily upon the length and quality of the chromosomes. No major differences between the present diagram and the Paris banding diagram were observed. Moreover, the results with acriding orange reverse banding were comparable to those previously reported with Giemsa R banding. In addition, sequential Q banding and R banding were carried out in the same cells. No significant differences in resolution of bands were observed when these two techniques were compared.

Acridines↗
PubMed1978

[Irregular antibody screening by Groupamatic at the Paris (C.N.T.S.) and Toulouse (C.R.T.S.) blood transfusion centers].

We report here the experience of 3 years of irregular antibody automated screening with Groupamatic, that is to say of 661,511 samples tested in Paris and 269, 162 samples tested in Toulouse. The positive reactions in Paris were 16,296 (2.46%) out of which 2,021 irregular antibodies were identified (0.30%). The positive reactions in Toulouse were 8,266 (3.07%) out of which 2,138 irregular antibodies were identified (0,79%). The difference between the number of screened positive reactions and the identified one is due to false positive reactions (half of the cases) and to autoantibodies whose number is roughly the same than the number of identified alloantibodies. During the years 1970, 1971 and 1972, the irregular antibodies were systematically screened in Toulouse on all blood donors with a manual technique on opaline plate using enzyme treated red cell tests (papain). 7,147 positive reactions were detected, out of 240,080 tests (2.98%). 1,954 (0,81%) were alloantibodies and 1,529 (0.64%) autoantibodies; 3.455 were false positive reactions and 209 were non identified antibodies. These figures are superimposed with those obtained with Groupamatic during the following years, thus pointing out the interest of this equipment.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1978

The Paris system in interstitial radiation therapy.

As a result of almost 20 years' experience using 192Ir wires in interstitial radiation therapy, a new method of dose calculation has been evolved, which is especially suitable for the techniques employed. Because this system was developed and brought into routine use in Paris, it was called the Paris System. Its basic principles are outlined in this report and the manner in which it is used in clinical practise is explained.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[Automatic calculation of the base dose in the Paris System (author's transl)].

The systematic dosimetric control after all endocurietherapy implantations considered to be in conformity with the Paris System is often made manually from tracings of the radioactive threads and a series of tables which gives the strength of the dose as a function of the distance from the thread. The authors describe a calculating programme, developed in a small Hewlett Packard calculator associated with a printing-out apparatus (without graph tracings), which can determine the strength of the base dose and the tracing of the isodoses in the central plane for all radioactive implantations belonging to the field of application of the Paris System. A schematic representation of the organization of the programme includes feeding of information in the form of Cartesian co-ordinates; the geometric determination of the points for calculating the base doses, the calculation of the strength of the base dose, the reference dose, and doses at particular points in the central plane, and finally, tracing the isodoses. Several examples are presented, after which the authors discuss the advantages as well as the limits of this method.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1978

[Present day development of the Paris System. First part: coplanar patterns and those called "in squares" (author's transl)].

The Paris System is a previsional dosimetric system which facilitates the work of curietherapists working with iridium 192 wires. Introduced about twelve years ago for radio-active implantations in one linear plane, this system has now become more generalized for implantations in two or more linear planes. After a brief review of the principles on which the Paris System is based, and introducing the new definitions arising from its development, the authors present the results of a systematic computerized study. The results obtained were used to establish, among others, the simple relationships between the geometric implantation data (disposition, length, number, separation... of the radioactive lines) and the dimensions of the volume treated, for the coplanar patterns and those called "in squares",

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Outbreak of aztreonam-avibactam-resistant NDM-5-producing Escherichia coli isolates in a hospital of Paris.

The emergence of aztreonam-avibactam resistance among NDM-producing Escherichia coli represents a major therapeutic and infection control concern. Four cases of aztreonam-avibactam-resistant (AZAR) NDM-producing E. coli, recovered from three blood cultures and one rectal surveillance culture in a hospital of Paris, prompted an investigation based on whole-genome sequencing. The three isolates responsible for bloodstream infection, which were clonally related, belonged to the ST405 and produced NDM-5, DHA-1, CTX-M-15, and TEM-1 β-lactamases. They also had a penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) modified by the insertion of four amino acids (YRIK). On the other hand, the isolate recovered from the rectal swab belonged to another sequence type (ST2083). It produced NDM-5, CMY-42, and TEM-1 β-lactamases and had an altered PBP3 by the insertion of four other residues (YRIN). Epidemiological investigation identified endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography as a potential risk factor, leading to the detection of three additional patients infected with the ST405 clone after exposure to the same duodenoscope. The outcome of the bloodstream infections was favorable except for one patient. In total, seven patients infected or colonized by AZAR NDM-5-producing E. coli were identified over a 5-month period in 2025, six with duodenoscope exposure.IMPORTANCEThis study underlines the emergence of aztreonam-avibactam resistance among NDM-producing Escherichia coli isolates in France. To our knowledge, this report describes the first clonal outbreak due to aztreonam-avibactam-resistant NDM-producing E. coli.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[Epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the Paris area].

The area studied includes the city of Paris and the neighboring departments of Val-d'Oise, Seine-Saint-Denis, Hauts-de-Seine, Yvelines, Essonne, Val-de-Marne, and Seine-et-Marne. Case finding methods and diagnostic criteria are defined. The temporal and spatial distribution of cases is described, and the absence of case clustering is noted. Incidence per million people (per year) was found to be 1,09 in the city, 0,55 in the adjacent departments, and 0,25 in the peripheral departments. These results are discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

[Incidence and evaluation of the risk of coronary disease. Prospective study in Paris].

The Paris prospective study in an epidemiological study of 7,453 middle-aged men born in France, and initially free from ischaemic heart disease. The current mean follow-up time is 4 years. The mean annual incidence is 5.1 per 1000, which is about one half that found in similar american studies. This incidence is related to the cholesterol level, to the blood pressure, to cigarette consumption when the smoke is inhaled, to diabetes mellitus, and to major abnormalities on the electrocardiogram. These five factors are mutually independant in their prediction of the risk of future illness. A formula has been derived by statistical analysis, and takes these five factors into account: the incidence of illness rises exponentially as a function of this formula. New cases of ischaemic heart disease are distributed, but with a very patchy incidence, in this population, of which only a very small number remain disease-free. A table has been drawn up to show the probability of a middle aged male contracting ischeamic heart disease within 4 years, and takes the 5 factors into account: this probability varies between 0.5 per cent and 34 per cent.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Tobacco, mortality and morbidity of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases--a prospective study in Paris].

In the Paris Prospective Study, after a 6,5 year follow-up, mortality and atherosclerotic disease incidence are studied according to the tobacco consumption measured at entry among 7746 middle-aged men in the same administrative group. Mortality is 3 times higher among smokers; the excess mortality of smokers concerns particularly cancers, especially cancers of the upper part of the digestive tube or lung cancers and coronary heart disease. The incidences of leg atherosclerosis and of hard coronary diseases increase very much with the quantity smoked and inhaled. The cigarette consumption is linked with the development of coronary diseases independently of other risk factors; it is taken into account in a five risk factor combination which gives the best estimation of individual risk of future disease. The theoretical effects of the reduction of cigarette consumption on the individual risk or on the incidence of coronary diseases are given. A multifactorial prevention with a small reduction of the level of several risk factors might reduce that incidence in the population.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1976

[Levels of lead on the livers of dogs from the Paris region].

Lead level has been determined in the liver of 51 Dogs of different ages, sex and breed from districts of Paris. This level is from 0,16 ppm (fresh weight) up to 5,4 ppm. 23 p. cent of Dogs examined have more than 3 ppm in their livers. The level is not correlated with sex, breed and size. It increases with age of animals.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Trichinosis: review of the epidemic in the south suburbs of Paris in January, 1976 (apropos of 125 cases)].

The authors report the results of the trichinosis epidemic which occurred in the southern suburbs of Paris in January 1976. 125 patients from a total of 65 families were affected. The major signs: oedema of the face and eyelids, fever and myalgia, were commonly found. There were even laboratory abnormalities with eosinophilia, increase in muscle enzymes and positive specific serology. The course over a period of months was very favourable. There were no deaths. The most severe symptoms rapidly regressed. Only myalgia and headache, and above all fatugie, persisted for 3 to 4 months, in the adults. The biological course was marked by the disappearance in one month of the majority of the disturbances seen in the acute phase, apart from the eosinophilia and serological findings which remained pathological after one year in a number of cases. The particular aetiology, due to horsemeat, may be explained by modern industrial rearing techniques and the complexity of current commercial circuits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The human complement after trypsin pretreatment as compared to the Paris standard.

A composite G-banding diagram after trypsin pretreatment of metaphase chromosomes from 5 different individuals (2 males and 3 females) is presented and compared with the Paris diagram. The patterns obtained by the present technique were very similar to those previously reported. It was found that the darkly staining bands were much more consistent in appearance than the lightly staining bands and that there was little individual variation.

Chromosomes↗