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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

The overuse of single patient isolation in hospitals.

Single patient isolation of adults to prevent spread of infection was studied in five high occupancy community hospitals. The acceptable standard was a guideline for isolation in hospitals, published by the Center for Disease Control (CDC). Overusage of single patient isolation was found to vary between 4% and 96% of physician's isolation orders. Diagnoses of viral hepatitis, surgical wound infections, skin infections and respiratory infections accounted for the majority of overisolated patients. When infection control personnel rather than attending physicians determined the type and duration of isolation, a decrease in overisolation and a saving of patient (or third party payer) charges could be demonstrated. Reduction in overisolation does not bring about savings for hospitals unless bed occupancy is high and few single rooms are available. No evidence of cross-infection was observed in one hospital as a result of implementation of the CDC guidelines.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1979

Synergy between carbenicillin and an aminoglycoside (gentamicin or tobramycin) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with endocarditis and sensitivity of isolates to normal human serum.

Isolates from the blood of 30 patients with endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa were tested for synergy between carbenicillin and an aminoglycoside, either gentamicin or tobramycin, by in vitro checkerboard methods in modified (cation-supplemented) Mueller-Hinton broth. Twenty-five of the 30 isolates were affected synergistically. Whether given low (2.5--5 mg/kg) or high (8 mg/kg) doses of aminoglycoside along with 30 g of carbenicillin daily, all of the five patients infected with pseudomonads that were not synergistically affected were refractory to treatment with pseudomonads that were not synergistically affected were refractory to treatment with the carbenicillin-gentamicin combination, whereas the finding of synergy of carbenicillin with gentamicin (or tobramycin) did not assure a medical cure. Tests for synergy between carbenicillin and gentamicin yielded different results in Mueller-Hinton agar than in modified Mueller-Hinton broth. The majority (28) of 30 isolates of endocarditis-producing P. aeruginosa were resistant to the bactericidal effects of 50% pooled normal serum that had been freshly separated. One of the endocarditis-producing strains that was sensitive to 50% serum was resistant to 10% serum. However, sensitivity or resistance to freshly separated, pooled normal human serum did not predict the outcome of antibacterial therapy for pseudomonas endocarditis.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1977

Isolation of Vibrio alginolyticus from wounds and blood of a burn patient.

Isolation of Vibrio alginolyticus from the wounds and blood of a burn patient is reported. Numerous tissue biopsy sites as well as one blood culture yielded the organism. The case history and a review of the hospital course of the patient is provided where relevant to the presence and identification of the organism. The bacteriologic, biochemical, and anti-microbial identification of the organism is described. Taxonomy, habitat, and pathogenicity of V. alginolyticus are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of coronary artery disease in patients with isolate aortic valve disease.

Forty-four adult patients with isolated aortic valve disease underwent coronary arteriography. Seventy precent of patients required aortic valve replacement (AVR). Of 28 men who underwent AVR, 59 percent of those with severe aortic stenosis, 33 percent of those with severe aortic regurgitation and 50 percent of those with mixed aortic stenosis/aortic regurgitation had associated coronary artery disease. Thirty-six percent of men with aortic valve disease not requiring AVR had significant coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD was not found in the 5 female patients studied. In the patients with CAD, the left anterior descending artery was involved 84 percent of the time. Next in frequency were the right coronary artery, the proximal left circumflex artery, and the obtuse marginal artery. Multivessel disease was the rule. All but one patient with significant CAD had angina pectoris, but many patients with angina had normal coronary arteries. The frequent occurence of significant CAD in adult male patients with isolated aortic valve disease argues for the performance of selective coronary arteriography in all such patients in whom AVR is a consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Production of protease and elastase by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from patients.

Using 20 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients, production of protease, elastase, and collagenase was determined by shaking culture in either complex or semisynthetic medium. No collagenase was produced by any strain of P. aeruginosa. According to their production of protease and elastase in different media, the P. aeruginosa strains were divided into three groups: the first group can produce elastase in complex medium and both protease and elastase in semisynthetic medium; the second group cannot produce any proteolytic enzymes in complex medium but can produce any proteolytic enzymes in either medium; and the third group cannot produce any proteolytic enzymes in either medium. In spite of the differences in the ability of the strains to produce the enzymes, depending upon the origin of the strains, the protease or elastases produced in different broths were regarded as identical.

Caseins↗