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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Pediatric anesthesia (author's transl)].

The progress of understanding the special physiology and pathology of the small child, as well as the perfection of the technical equipment for pediatric anesthesia are responsible for the fact that today practically every child even during very difficult surgical interventions can be kept with security in general anesthesia. A survey of the problems occuring in pediatric anesthesia includes the following items: preoperative examination, preparation for anesthesia and surgical intervention, techniques of anesthesia, special dangers for the newborn and small children (fluid ratio, decrease of body temperature, hypoglycemia) and postoperative treatment. The author comes to the conclusion that the best conditions for general anesthesia of the small child are only present in a children's hospital where the necessary infrastructure is available. The pediatric anesthesist strongly wish therefore that also the specialists like the ophthalmologist make use of the specialised children's hospital for operative purposes.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Control of respirator pressure and drainage of the anesthetic gases with Kuhn's device in pediatric anesthesia (author's transl)].

By adding a manometer and a pressure valve to the anaesthetic equipment used for newborns and children (Ayre-T-piece, modified by Kuhn) we are able to control airway pressures continuously and to draw out all narcotic gases from the operating room. The concentration of halothanee thus can be diminished to a very low level around the aneasthesist and the surgeon.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1979

[Ketamine administration technic in pediatric anesthesia].

Psychic trauma connected with surgical operations and with all their preparatory procedures in children, often cause behavioural alterations. Problems related to the type of anesthetic premedication and to the anesthesiologic technique also come within this field. The Authors describe their experience with ketamine, administered by oral route, as a sole drug to obtain a deep sedation (when radiographic examination and orthopedic procedures were required) and as an induction drug for a balanced anesthesia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2026

A one‑year snapshot of pediatric regional anesthesia at a French Tertiary University Hospital.

BACKGROUND: Regional anesthesia (RA) is a major component of multimodal perioperative analgesia in children. Despite proven benefits, pediatric RA practice shows marked inter-institutional and international variability, with global practice patterns remaining largely underreported. This study aimed to characterize current RA practices in a pediatric anesthesia department of a French tertiary university hospital. METHODS: This retrospective observational study of prospectively collected data over one year included all children aged 0-18 years receiving at least one RA procedure. The data analyzed comprised demographics, surgical characteristics, RA techniques, guidance methods, and pharmacologic agents. Each RA procedure was considered an independent event, and patients were stratified into five age groups. RESULTS: Over the study period, 907 patients (6.0 [1.0; 12.0] years) underwent 1073 RA procedures: 894 peripheral blocks (83%) and 179 neuraxial blocks (17%). Peripheral blocks predominated in children >6 months (90%), while 59% of neuraxial RA were in infants <6 months. RA was conducted under general anesthesia in 90% of cases; awake spinal anesthesia in small infants comprised most neuraxial procedures. Ultrasound guidance was used in 98% of peripheral blocks, and pre-puncture scanning preceded 22% of neuraxial procedures. Clonidine was used as an adjuvant in >60% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: This single-center cohort reports one year of pediatric RA practice, characterized by high RA implementation rates. While ultrasound guidance was standard for peripheral blocks, pre-puncture scanning remains infrequently used for neuraxial techniques, highlighting a potential margin for improvement based on current practice. Results highlight selective neuraxial strategies in vulnerable infants and routine adjuvant use to optimize postoperative analgesia. Findings confirm RA feasibility in daily pediatric anesthesia and support multicenter studies evaluating inter-institutional variability and outcomes impact.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Control of intracranial pressure during pediatric neurosurgery anesthesia.

Some of the important points of view of anesthesia in pediatric neurosurgery are: adequate alveolar exchange of oxygen and carbondioxide by means of artificial ventilation; stable cardiovascular function; fluid balance; monitoring, and attempts to keep intracranial pressure low. This last point is achieved by various anesthesiological procedures, e.g., hyperventilation, positive-negative pressure ventilation, rapid induction of anesthesia and choice of suitable anesthetics. Enflurane (Ethrane) increases intracranial pressure less than halothane. The new intravenous anesthetic etomidate lowers intracranial pressure in a favorable manner quite similar to thiopental (Pentothal-Sodium).

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2026

Interactive gaming during inhalational induction of anesthesia reduces pediatric patient anxiety and improves induction compliance: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative anxiety affects up to 75% of pediatric surgical patients and is associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. Traditional anxiolytic strategies with premedication carry drawbacks including delayed recovery and paradoxical reactions, driving interest in non-pharmacologic alternatives. Audiovisual distraction represents one approach, encompassing passive methods (e.g. watching a video) and active modalities (e.g. interactive gaming). The Bedside Entertainment and Relaxation Theater (BERT) is a projection-based environment that enables audiovisual distraction during induction. Whether BERT-based interactive gaming reduces anxiety and improves induction compliance compared to standard perioperative care remains unknown. METHODS: This single-center RCT enrolled 74 pediatric patients aged 4 to 14 undergoing inhalational induction, randomized to standard care (SOC) or interactive gaming via BERT added to SOC during induction (BERT). The primary outcome was change in patient anxiety from baseline to induction, measured using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS). Secondary outcomes included caregiver anxiety, induction compliance, OR efficiency, opioid administration, and OR staff perceptions. RESULTS: Patients in the BERT group experienced significantly smaller increases in anxiety from baseline to induction than SOC (median mYPAS increase [IQR]: 0 [0 to 0] vs 10 [0 to 38], p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001). Induction compliance improved, with lower Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC) scores indicating fewer induction-related disruptive behaviors than SOC (median: 0 vs 1, shift -1 [95% CI: -2 to 0]; p&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.004). Caregiver anxiety increased less in the BERT group than SOC (mean STAI increase: 0.18 vs 1.89, difference&#xa0;-&#xa0;1.7, [95% CI: -3.2 to -0.26]; p&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.022). OR staff reported high acceptability, with 97% supporting continued use. No differences were observed in OR efficiency or opioid administration between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Interactive gaming via BERT attenuated increases in patient anxiety, improved induction compliance, and reduced the rise in caregiver anxiety without prolonging OR time. These findings support BERT as an effective, workflow-compatible anxiolytic strategy for pediatric inhalational induction.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Patient-reported outcomes in pediatric regional anesthesia trials: current use and limitations.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review examines the current use and limitations of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in pediatric regional anesthesia research. Despite the increasing emphasis on patient-centered outcomes, existing pediatric outcome assessment frameworks may inadequately capture the pain experience and interference with daily living. RECENT FINDINGS: Across 17 identified randomized controlled trials and 15 ongoing studies, PROM use remains highly variable, with consistent reliance on observational pain scales such as the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability scale and limited incorporation of standardized, longitudinal health-related quality-of-life measures. SUMMARY: Current pediatric PROM frameworks remain fragmented, limiting comprehensive evaluation of recovery. Greater standardization and incorporation of developmentally appropriate, longitudinal outcome measures are needed to better align clinical research with meaningful patient-centered endpoints and to improve assessment of functional and psychosocial recovery.

Humans↗