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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Synthesis and therapeutic testing of mono- and dialkyl esters of pentetic (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic) acid for decorporation of polymeric plutonium.

The synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic evaluation of a series of partially esterified derivatives of pentetic (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic) acid are reported. These compounds were prepared in an attempt to promote increased decorporation of insoluble colloidal forms of plutonium, which are removed by pentetic acid alone. The dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, dioctyl, monoethyl esters were synthesized by reaction of the appropriate alcohol with the dianhydride of pentetic acid. These esters were injected intravenously into mice as their calcium chelates in saline. None of the esters was effective in removing plutonium from the liver. All esters removed approximately 20% of the plutonium in the skeleton. However, when the esters were given together with pentetic acid, only the dioctyl ester showed enhanced removal of plutonium compared to pentetic acid alone. The small increase in effectiveness and the increased acute toxicity make these esters of limited practical interest in plutonium decorporation therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Preferential localization of radiolabeled liposomes in liver.

Liposome formulations were studied to achieve an efficient entrapment procedure for the production of liposomes of 99mTc-pentetic acid. The entrapment efficiency was studied by separation of the product using column chromatography. The particle-size range of the prepared liposomes was evaluated using electron microscopy. Entrapment techniques and separation procedures led to a liposome preparation with particles in the colloidal size range (0.001-0.5 micron). Dramatic differences in the organ distribution of the liposome preparation in mice were produced when different particle-size ranges were injected. Liposomes eluted in the first fraction after the void volume led to a maximum uptake by the liver and spleen 10 min after intravenous injection. Liposomes from pooled fractions provided less than half of the activity in the liver, as did the narrow size range liposome preparation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Quantitative chromatographic method for the determination of low levels of nitrilotriacetic and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids in diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid.

A quantitative method for determination of low levels (0.05%, w/w) of nitrilotriacetic and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids in diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid is described. Palmitic acid is added to the chelator as an internal standard before esterification with methanol containing 2%(v/v)H2SO4. The methyl esters of palmitic, nitrilotriacetic, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids are first separated from diethylenetriaminepentaacetate by silicic acid column chromatography and are subsequently quantitated by gas-liquid chromatography. The method is both accurate and reproducible with less than 10% relative error. Thin-layer chromatographic separations of the methyl esters, and quantitation at the 1% level, are also described.

Acetates↗
PubMed1977

Scintigraphic detection of acute gastrointestinal bleeding.

In induced bleeding experiments on dogs, 99mTc-sulfur colloid was a suitable agent for detecting the bleeding site in the small intestine, providing that the site was distant from the liver and spleen. Bleeding sites were detectable at rates as low as 0.1 ml/min. When induced in the sigmoid or descending colon, the site was demonstrated by scintigraphy with 99mTc-sulfur colloid. Unsatisfactory images were obtained in the esophagus and stomach, however, when 131I-ortho-iodohippurate or 99mTc-DTPA was used.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Reliability and limitations of total and divided renal clearances as determined with a partially shielded whole-body counter (author's transl)].

Error and reproducibility of the total and divided renal clearance determination was investigated, using a partially shielded whole-body counter. The error of the total renal clearance determination using ortho-131I-hippuran (OIH) depends primarily on the downslope of the whole-body curve, i.e. on renal function. The error is as low as +/- 6% for clearance values of more than 100 ml/min and increases slowly with clearance values decreasing about 35 ml/min. The error of clearance values below 25 ml/min is higher than 50%. The error of the divided renal clearance using OIH is the same as the error of the total renal clearance. The reproducibility of the total OIH-clearance in single clearance periods was found to be +/- 6% and in repeated determinations +/- 12% (r = 0.97). The reproducibility of the divided renal OIH-clearance with scintillation probes showed an average deviation from the mean of +/- 10% (r = 0.87). The substitution of the scintillation probes by a scintillation camera and the use of regions of interest should diminish this error considerably. The results were compared with literature data on standard PAH- and inulin clearances.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Stability of injection solutions of vitamin B1 Part 1: Influence of chelating agents.

The chelating agents EDTA, DTPA and HEDTA increase the stability of thiamine hydrochloride solutions. The stabilizing efficiency of HEDTA and DTPA is highly superior to that of EDTA. There is an optimum concentration of EDTA at which its stabilizing effect is maximum; beyond this concentration, the stability of the vitamin decreases gradually by increasing EDTA concentration. EDTA at a comparatively high concentration (10 mmole/1) catalyzes thiamine degradation. The stabilizing action of DTPA increases gradually as a function of its concentration. On the other hand, HEDTA in a very low concentration (0.5 mmole/1) affords a definite inhibitory effect on the rate of thiamine cleavage. However, increasing HEDTA concentration from 0.5 up to 3.0 mmole/1 does not increase its stabilizing efficiency. At HEDTA concentrations higher than 3 mmole/1, the stability of the vitamin increases gradually as a function of the chelating agent concentration.

Chelating Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Renal blood flow, diuresis and isotope nephrogram in experimental stenosis of the renal artery (author's transl)].

After experimental stenosis of the renal artery of the dog, the isotope nephrogram shows a prolongation of the transit-time, when the renal blood flow is reduced to 40--70%. This finding was most significant in low diuresis (0,05--0,2 ml/min), sporadic in moderate diuresis (0,2--2,0 ml/min), no longer demonstrable in forced diuresis (greater than 2,0 ml/min). The diuretic effect of X-ray contrast medium (70% Na-Meglumin-Jotalamat, 0,5 ml/kg i.v.) normalizes a pathologic ING in low diuresis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Noninvasive experimental determination of the individual kidney filtration fraction by means of a dual-tracer technique.

A noninvasive method for measurement of the individual kidney filtration fraction (FF) is presented, based on an analysis of the early rise of the kidneys' time-activity curves obtained after simultaneous injection of tubular [131I] ortho-iodohippurate and glomerular (Tc-99m DTPA) tracers. The analysis is based on the assumption that an insignificant amount of tracer leaves the kidney during the first few moments following injection. Therefore the kidney activity during this period is directly proportional to the integral of the blood (heart) activity. The dual-tracer technique allows the direct calculation of the ratio of glomerular to tubular clearances, i.e., the FF. In vivo studies were performed on 12 dogs, including normals as well as others with acute ureteral ligation or Benemid-induced tubular blockade. The calculated FF correlated well with the FF obtained from single-shot clearances performed simultaneously. We conclude that the FF can be calculated directly for each kidney, noninvasively, from the early part of the tubular and glomerular time-activity curves by noninvasive external detection.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

An analysis of the diagnostic contribution of double-radiocompound renography.

The diagnostic contribution of double-radiocompound renography was tested by applying discriminant analysis to the data obtained in one group of normal subjects and in some groups of selected pathological cases which included glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, and hypertension. The results obtained confirm the reliability of the test and give evidence of its usefulness in diagnostic clinical work.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

113mIn-DTPA, a useful compound for the determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The binding of 113mIn to DTPA and a comparison between GFR estimated with 113mIn-DTPA and 125I-iothalamate.

For measurement of glomerular filtration rate the usefulness of diethyl traimino penta acic (DTPA) labelled with 113mIndium has been explored. The labelling procedure is very simple, since eluate from an 113mIn generator can be used directly for labelling DTP. The in vitro and in vivo binding of 113mIn to DTPA in competition with serum proteins was studied by gel-filtration. The radioactivity with the 113mIn-DTPA peak represented 100.6, 107.1 and 99.6% of the amount of radioactivity applied to the gel column for the in vivo studies, and 102.0 and 101.4% for the in vitro studies. Futhermore, the clearance of 113mIn-DTPA was compared to the clearance of 125I-iothalamate using the constant infusion technique. The clearance values were found to be nearly equal (r=0.996). It is concluded that 113mIn is almost entirely bound to DTPA after intravenous injection of the 113mIn-DTPA complex, and that the complex is a suitable agent for determination of glomerular filtration rate.

Adult↗