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Results for “Perceptual Disorders”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Treatment of visual perceptual disorders post stroke.

Visual perceptual disorders are a common clinical consequence of stroke. They include unilateral neglect, which has a major impact on rehabilitation outcome. The nature of the behavioral deficits associated with neglect has suggested that behavioral modification strategies may improve performance. This article presents a critical review and synthesis of published research evidence for the effectiveness of treatments for visual perceptual disorders after stroke. The strongest evidence for rehabilitation effectiveness was for the following: (a) specific treatment for perceptual disorders; and (b) specific training for neglect (including visual scanning). Findings also suggest that more research is needed into how the assessment of specific features of visual perceptual disorders might lead to improved methods for rehabilitation, including the use of assistive devices for mobility and activities of daily living.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Visual perceptual disorders resembling the Charles Bonnet syndrome. A study of 434 consecutive patients referred to a psychogeriatric unit.

In a retrospective study of 434 consecutive patients referred for consultation to a psychogeriatric unit over a period of 3.5 years, the diagnostic categories of the group were recorded, and in this paper their management is briefly discussed. Eight cases of visual perceptual disorders resembling the Charles Bonnet syndrome in elderly patients are described. Three significant findings emerged for these eight patients; the preponderance of female to male patients, the presence of eye pathology with poor vision, and the high mean age of 83.8 years.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

The performance of children with auditory perceptual disorders on a time-compressed speech discrimination measure.

A time-compressed version of the PB-K 50 speech discrimination measure was administered to 20 children diagnosed as displaying auditory perceptual disorders. Results indicated that these children performed equally well at both 0 and 30% time compression. Performance decreased significantly at 60% time compression. Comparison of the results with normative data indicated that performance of the two groups of children was similar at the 30% time compression condition but that children with auditory perceptual disorders performed poorer at both 0 and 60% time compression. The results were discussed relative to short-term memory abilities.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed2005

Broad-perspective perceptual disorder of the right hemisphere.

Traditional accounts of right-posterior brain injury describe a syndrome of low-level perceptual sequelae producing marked acute dependency and transient safety concerns. The syndrome is also held to spare cognition and to carry a generally favorable long-term prognosis. The present paper reviews publications and anecdotal data that challenge this picture. Recent theoretical expositions and empirical studies stipulate three major cognitive functions of the right posterior association cortex: processing novel input, guiding reactions to emergencies, and anticipating consequences. Appearing benign after acute recovery, the impairment of these processes produces vocational, social and marital dysfunctions that increase as a function of chronicity, ultimately becoming more broadly disabling than focal injuries in other cortical loci. The unique symptom picture and serious implications suggest that the long-term syndrome should be labeled (Broad-Perspective Perceptual Disorder) and incorporated in future clinical taxonomies, underscoring the need for extraordinary long-term assistance and specialized therapeutics. Procedures for assessment and differential diagnosis are outlined.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

The predictive validity and accuracy of a screening test for language delay and auditory perceptual disorder.

Infants (321) who had been screened for language delay and auditory perceptual problems at 9 months of age were evaluated 1 year later. Of these infants 88.6% were correctly classified as at-risk or not-at-risk of delayed linguistic development. The correlation between performance on the screen and on a language scale was 0.49. The great majority of those with receptive and expressive delay continued to show problems at 2 years of age, whereas half of those with expressive delay alone were within normal limits. No evidence was found that a history of fluctuating hearing loss contributed to the development of either language delay or auditory perceptual problems.

Auditory Perceptual Disorders↗
PubMed2001

Impact of motor, cognitive, and perceptual disorders on ability to perform activities of daily living after stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Using confirmatory factor analysis, this study evaluates the relative impact of motor, cognitive, and perceptual deficits on functional autonomy with 100 elderly (aged 55 to 79 years) victims of stroke. METHODS: Two different approaches were used for measuring functional autonomy: the Functional Autonomy Measurement System (Système de Mesure de l'Autonomie Fonctionnelle [SMAF]) and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). RESULTS: The results of the confirmatory factor analysis show that motor, cognitive, and perceptual factors all make a significant contribution to the variation in functional autonomy and confirm the accuracy of the model (93% of the variance is explained when the SMAF is used to measure functional autonomy, and 64% of the variance is explained when the AMPS is used). CONCLUSIONS: The factors that make the greatest contribution in explaining the variance in functional autonomy are, in order of importance, the motor factor, the perceptual factor, and the cognitive factor.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Perceptual disorders in childhood].

Cross-sectional findings in form of performance profiles of 71 severely language disturbed children three to ten years old corroborate the hypothesis that beside disturbances of complex performances, such as language, disturbances of earlier developmental performances mainly of the sensory-motor level can be observed. The prerequisites of these complex and of sensory-motor performances include different levels of perceptual integration. In each of the prefil constellation a different type of perceptual dysfunction can be observed: auditory dysfunction, or tactile-kinesthetic, or intermodal, or serial dysfunction. 15 children with intermodal and 8 with serial problems were exposed to therapy for several years. The therapy attempted to stimulate the disturbed perceptual processes. Longitudinal observations demonstrated that progress became first apparent in more primitive performances, and secondly, with a time lag, in more complex performances. These findings not only confirm the original hypothesis that in these children language disturbances are secondary to perceptual disturbances, but demonstrate also the possibility of early diagnosis and treatment of children with language difficulties.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Severity of phonological disorders: perceptual judgment and percentage of correct consonants].

BACKGROUND: Phonological disorder. AIM: To apply the percentage of correct consonant (PCC) index and to verify the correlation between this index and the one applied perceptually by judges. METHOD: The PCC index of 50 phonological disordered subjects was calculated, after 60 judges heard the phonological tests for each subject and perceptually attributed the severity. RESULTS: The PCC index varied from 40% to 98%, with the predominant classification of the population in the mild and mild-moderate levels. CONCLUSION: A correlation between the perceptual judgment and the PCC indexes exists.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

[Acoustic and optical perceptual disorders in depressive diseases--an overview of results from experimental studies].

This literature review concentrates on a disregarded part of depressive disorders' symptomatology (especially concerning present-day classifications of mental disorders) that can be approached with a great number of experimental procedures. From the acoustical field the following findings are demonstrated and discussed: elevated click thresholds in auditory signal detection, changed ear asymmetry in dichotic click detection and differences in dichotic listening asymmetries according to symptomatology. The most important results from the so far investigated optical perceptual disturbances in depressive disorders are: breakdown of perceptual defence in the form of greater access to emotionally unpleasant stimuli referring to the tachistoscopic recognition of neutral/unpleasant words, impairments at near-distance assessments, disturbances in recognition and discrimination of facial emotions-especially concerning the perception of emotional chimeric faces. Interpretational attempts for these acoustical and optical disturbances of perception reach from developmental psychology to biological psychiatry. Changes in hemisphere functions hold the dominating position in this discussion. Up to now it remains open to what extent the reported results correlate with the clinical phenomenology of depressive disorders, of what diagnostic specifity they are and if the can be viewed with sufficient reliability as state marker and indicators for theraopeutical effects.

Auditory Perceptual Disorders↗