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Results for “Periapical Tissue”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Effect of irrigating solution and calcium hydroxide root canal dressing on the repair of apical and periapical tissues of teeth with periapical lesion.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the apical and periapical repair after endodontic treatment of teeth with pulp necrosis and a chronic periapical lesion in dogs. Seventy-two root canals from four mongrel dogs were submitted to biomechanical preparation, using 5.25% sodium hypochlorite or 2% chlorhexidine digluconate as the irrigating solution. The root canals were subsequently either filled immediately with Sealapex, using active lateral gutta-percha condensation, or a calcium hydroxide root canal dressing was applied for 15 days before filling with Sealapex. After 210 days, the animals were killed by anesthetic overdose, and the obtained histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for optical microscopic analysis of apical and periapical repair. There was better histological repair in the groups with the root canal dressing (p < 0.05) than the groups with immediate obturation. Comparing the immediate obturation groups, irrigation with chlorhexidine solution resulted in better repair than sodium hypochlorite.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of formalin-creosote on the rat periapical tissues after pulpectomy].

The purpose of the present study was to investigate histologically, histometrically and immunohistochemically the effect of formalin-creosote (FC) on the periapical tissues after pulpectomy in rats. Experiment I. Seventy-five rats were divided into 3 groups. In all Groups, the mesial root of the right mandibular first molar was removed. After pulpectomy, in Group A, a paper point containing saline was inserted into the root canal. In Group B, a paper point containing FC was inserted, whereas, in Group C, FC was applied and then a paper point containing FC was inserted. The access cavity was sealed with amalgam. The animals were killed at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. The periapical tissues were examined histologically. The vertical length and the area of the apical periodontal ligament were measured histometrically. The inflammatory cells and the fibroblasts per unit area in the apical granulation tissue were counted. Experiment II. Eighteen rats were divided into 3 groups. In all Groups, pulpectomy was performed as in the experiment I. In Group a, a paper point containing saline was inserted into the root canal. In Group b, a paper point containing FC was inserted, whereas, in Group c, FC was applied and then a paper point containing FC was inserted. The animals were killed at 14 and 28 days. The presence of macrophages in the granulation tissue was examined using polyclonal antibody to lysozyme immunohistochemical techniques. The results were as follows. Experiment I. Histologically, in Group A, severe inflammation was observed in the periapical tissues at 1 and 3 days. Inflammation became moderate and fibrous tissue proliferation was observed in the periapical tissues at 7 days. Inflammation became slight and fibrous tissue increased at 14 and 28 days. In Group B, severe inflammation was observed in the periapical tissues at 1 and 3 days. Inflammation became moderate at 7 and 14 days. Resorption of alveolar bone was observed after 7 days. Fibrous tissue proliferation and resorption of the apical root were seen after 14 days. Inflammation became slight at 28 days. In Group C, severe inflammation was found in the periapical tissues at 1, 3 and 7 days. Resorption of alveolar bone was seen after 7 days. Moderate inflammation remained and fibrous tissue proliferation was seen at 14 and 28 days. Resorption of the apical root was observed after 14 days. Histometrically, vertical length and area of the apical periodontal ligament in Groups B and C increased significantly compared with those in Group A at 14 and 28 days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1991

The periapical tissue reactions to a calcium phosphate cement in the teeth of monkeys.

A calcium phosphate cement, Grossman sealer, and Sargenti N2 were compared under conditions where root canals of monkey incisors were deliberately overfilled and the apical tissue responses were evaluated histologically. The periapical tissues exposed to Sargenti N2 revealed severe irritation at all times through the 6-month experimental period. The reactions to Grossman sealer were milder but persisted throughout the observation period. The calcium-phosphate-cement treated animals showed mild tissue irritation after 1 month, but thereafter the adverse tissue reactions were minimal. New bone formation adjacent to the cement was also observed. These results point to the possibility that calcium phosphate cement might be used in simplified endodontic procedures. The compatibility of calcium phosphate cement with the periapical tissue suggests that the cement may have other applications in dentistry and medicine.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Pulpal and periapical tissue reactions after experimental pulpal exposure in rats.

The purpose of this study was to investigate histologically and histometrically the changes in pulpal and periapical tissues after pulpal exposure in rats. All animals received a pulpal exposure in the left mandibular first molar. Animals were killed at 1 to 56 days after pulpal exposure, and their mandibles were evaluated histologically and histometrically. Histologically, pulpal necrosis extended gradually from the upper part of the pulpal tissue to the apex, with inflammation starting in the periapical tissue at an early stage. As the periapical lesion developed, alveolar bone and cementum resorption was also found. Histometrically, the length of pulpal necrosis increased gradually from 1 to 28 days. The vertical length of the periapical lesion after 14 days was significantly increased, while the horizontal length and the overall area after 7 days were also significantly increased. The periapical lesion extended in a mesiodistal direction at first and then in a vertical direction before expansion ceased.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone on periapical tissues following endodontic overinstrumentation.

An animal model was developed in which the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone could be examined histologically in periapical tissues following endodontic overinstrumentation. Mandibular first molars containing vital or partially necrotic pulp tissue were instrumented beyond the apical foramen in rats. Fifty microliters of sterile saline or dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.4 mg/ml) were administered in a blind manner by supraperiosteal infiltration into the buccal vestibule. The rats were killed after 6, 24, and 48 h. Block sections of the mandibular molars were processed for histological examination and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils present in the periapical tissues was counted in a blind manner and statistical analysis of the results was performed by two-way analysis of variance. Following endodontic overinstrumentation, local infiltration of dexamethasone produced a significant anti-inflammatory effect on the periapical tissues of teeth with vital or partially necrotic pulp tissue.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Tumor necrosis factor identified in periapical tissue exudates of teeth with apical periodontitis.

Root canal samples, taken from periapical tissue exudates during routine root canal treatment procedures, were processed for identification of tumor necrosis factor using a mouse anti-human monoclonal antibody and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Detectable levels of tumor necrosis factor were identified in periapical tissue exudates in chronic apical periodontitis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1999

Histological study of periapical tissue healing in the rat molar after retrofilling with various materials.

We histologically examined the effects on the periapical tissue of various dental filling materials applied as retrofillings in rats and compared them with those of amalgam. The 4-META-TBB resin Superbond and the light-cured composite resin produced the least severe inflammatory reaction, with the greatest amount of new bone. In these specimens, regeneration of a part of the periodontal ligament was also observed. These results indicate that these materials might be very biocompatible and thus foster the natural regeneration of the periapical tissue.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the periapical tissue lesions by roentgenogram].

Most of the periapical tissue lesions appear as radiolucent areas in a reontgenogram. However, several lesions of pulpal and periodontal origin as well as lesions caused by benign or malignant tumors appear in the roentgenogram as radiopaque areas. This article deals in detail with the classification, differential diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases which appear radiopaque in an X-ray film. Special attention is given to apical condensing osteitis, hypercementosis, chronic osteomyelitis and odontogenic tumors. These lesions are fairly common and the general practitioner should be familiar with their diagnosis and treatment.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2006

Influence of residual bacteria on periapical tissue healing after chemomechanical treatment and root filling of experimentally infected monkey teeth.

The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to determine the influence on the healing of the periapical tissues when selected bacterial strains and combinations thereof remain after root canal treatment; and, second, the relationship to healing of the quality of the root filling. In eight monkeys, 175 root canals, previously infected with combinations of four or five bacterial strains and with radiographically verified apical periodontitis, were endodontically treated, bacteriologically controlled, and permanently obturated. After 2-2.5 yr, the periapical regions were radiographically and histologically examined. Of these teeth, 48 root canals were also examined for bacteria remaining after removal of the root fillings. When bacteria remained after the endodontic treatment, 79% of the root canals showed non-healed periapical lesions, compared with 28% where no bacteria were found. Combinations of residual bacterial species were more frequently related to non-healed lesions than were single strains. When no bacteria remained, healing occurred independently of the quality of the root filling. In contrast, when bacteria remained, there was a greater correlation with non-healing in poor-quality root fillings than in technically well-performed fillings. In root canals where bacteria were found after removal of the root filling, 97% had not healed, compared with 18% for those root canals with no bacteria detected. The present study demonstrates the importance of obtaining a bacteria-free root canal system before permanent root filling in order to achieve optimal healing conditions for the periapical tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Periapical tissue reaction to root fillings with Sealapex.

The histological response of periapical tissues to root canal fillings with Sealapex, pure calcium hydroxide and gutta-percha points was studied in dogs' teeth. After pulpal extirpation the root canals were enlarged, irrigated and dried. Teeth in the first group were filled with gutta-percha points alone, those in the second group were filled with pure calcium hydroxide and gutta-percha, and those in the third group were filled with Sealapex and gutta-percha. The animals were killed after 7, 30 and 90 days and histological sections of each specimen were prepared. It was concluded that hard tissue formation was more pronounced after root filling with Sealapex than with calcium hydroxide or gutta-percha points.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Periapical tissue responses and cementum regeneration with amalgam, SuperEBA, and MTA as root-end filling materials.

The purpose of this study was to compare the periapical tissue responses and cementum regeneration in response to three widely used root-end filling materials, amalgam, SuperEBA, and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). These materials were placed using modern microsurgical techniques on endodontically treated dog premolars and molars. After 5 months, the cell and tissue reactions of surface-stained un-decalcified ground sections were evaluated by light microscopy and statistically analyzed. The major difference in the tissue responses to the three retrofilling materials were the degree of inflammation and types of inflammatory cells, number of fibrous capsule formations, cementum neoformation over these materials, osseous healing and resulting periodontal ligament thickness. MTA showed the most favorable periapical tissue response, with neoformation of cemental coverage over MTA. SuperEBA was superior to amalgam as a root-end filling material.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed1990

Periapical tissue response to two calcium hydroxide-containing endodontic sealers.

One-hundred twenty root canals of dog teeth were cleaned, shaped, and obturated with gutta-percha and sealers using a lateral condensation technique. The sealers used were Sealapex, CRCS, and zinc oxide-eugenol. The animals were killed after 30 or 180 days and the specimens were examined histologically. Sealapex and CRCS caused a periapical tissue response similar to that found with the zinc oxide-eugenol. An ingrowth of connective tissue infiltrated with chronic inflammatory cells was noticed in cases where the filling material reached the apical stops. Regardless of sealer used, deposition of new hard tissue along the apical root canal walls was observed, which caused the partial closure of the apical opening. In the Sealapex and CRCS groups, sealer particles were found at a considerable distance from the apices. All overfilled specimens caused chronic inflammatory reactions in the periapical tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Endothelial cell and stromal antigens in human periapical granulation tissue.

Periapical granulation tissue consists of vasculature of varying sizes and types, infiltrating cells, and other stromal elements. We examined the differential expression of endothelial and stroma antigens in this tissue to determine their tissue distribution in order to obtain hints on their functions. Some of the antigens examined were present only in the endothelial lining of vasculature, including high endothelial venules (e.g. CD31 and CD105), whereas others were more widely expressed by both vascular and stromal elements (e.g. CD29, CD63, CD44, and CD151). Immunohistochemical analysis using monoclonal antibodies specific to certain tissue compartments revealed the tissue architecture more precisely and the expression of certain antigens in the tissue suggested special roles for these antigens. Tissue distribution of CD63, CD143, CD147, and CD151 in periapical granulation tissue is first reported in the present study.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

Reaction of inflamed periapical tissue to intracanal medicaments and root canal sealers.

The effects of different intracanal medicaments and zinc oxide-eugenol based root canal sealers on an experimentally induced apical periodontitis were studied histologically in mesial roots of lower molars of Wistar rats. After root canal instrumentation each canal was filled either with an intracanal medicament twice for 3 days each time or with a sealer for 21 days. The intracanal medicament chlorophenol caused periapical tissue damage. P-chloroxylenol-camphor lead to periapical improvement as did 5% sodium-hypochlorite. 12% sodium-hypochlorite gave tissue damage. After intracanal medication with an aqueous suspension of calcium hydroxide periapical repair was clearly visible. A combination of a corticoid and an antibiotic appeared to induce damage of the periapical tissues. The root canal sealers Endomethasone and N2 essentially impaired periapical repair. The results were acceptable for Aptal-Zink-Harz root canal fillings after 21 days as well as after 56 days.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1982

Histologic evaluation of the effect of formocresol and glutaraldehyde on the periapical tissues after endodontic treatment.

The root canals of twelve pairs of human incisors without hard tissue or periodontal disease were treated with either formocresol or glutaraldehyde. The periapical reactions were compared histologically after periods varying between 6 and 8 weeks. A formocresol dressing always resulted in irritation of the periapical tissues, whereas little or no irritation was found after treatment with glutaraldehyde. It can be concluded that, after a vital pulpectomy, treatment of root canals with glutaraldehyde is faster than, as efficient as, and less irritating than treatment with formocresol.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite in preventing inoculation of periapical tissues with contaminated patency files.

The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) in preventing inoculation of periapical tissues with contaminated patency files. Twenty-eight extracted human permanent teeth with single canals were used in the study. Group I teeth were filled with NaOCl, and #15 stainless steel files contaminated with Streptococcus sanguis (ATCC #10556) were allowed to pass through the NaOCI into the culture medium. The teeth in group II were also filled with NaOCl, but the contaminated files used in group II canals were immersed in NaOCl for 10 s prior to being placed into the canals and cultured. The negative control group used sterile files (0% growth), the first positive control group used contaminated patency files in teeth with empty canals (100% growth), and the second positive control group placed contaminated files into broth next to teeth filled with NaOCl (to evaluate potential chlorine leakage; 100% growth). The experimental results showed no positive growth of S. sanguis for groups I and II, indicating that the NaOCl present in the canal after irrigation was sufficient to kill the test organism.

Dental Alloys↗