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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Investigating the relationship between the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory and the Personality Inventory for Children with a sample of learning disabled adolescents.

The present study involved a preliminary evaluation of the correlations between subscales on the Personality Inventory for Children and the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory with 25 learning disabled adolescents. Analysis yielded a number of significant correlations between these two scales, using the Personality Inventory for Children as the anchor scale, and showed that these adolescents as a group scored within clinically acceptable ranges on both diagnostic scales. Both scales need further psychometric and clinical investigation, and as such, the limitations of the study and the research needed are addressed, including the need for more multitrait, multimethod studies.

Achievement↗
PubMed1978

Relationship between the "Barnum effect" and personality inventory responses.

Hypothesized that rating bogus "personality feedback" and answering personality inventory items are both instances of the same general behavior. After undergraduates were administered personality inventories, they were asked to evaluate the accuracies of personality descriptors under differing instructional sets. In support of the hypothesis, a Barnum Group's (N equal to 24) personality inventory responses and "personality feedback" ratings correlated significantly and as highly as Reliability Controls' (N equal to 24) alternate forms reliability coefficient. Inventory responses and "feedback" ratings were affected equally by the descriptors' favorability and by the Ss' defensiveness. Contrary to the hypothesis, descriptors were rated as more personally accurate when presented as "feedback" than when presented as test items. Theoretical and applied implications of the findings are discussed.

Feedback↗
PubMed1977

Personality correlates of study difficulty and academic performance in university students. I. The Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire and Dynamic Personality Inventory.

The personality correlates of study difficulty and academic performance in university students have been measured in terms of psychiatric symptomatology and premorbid characteristics. The UCLSQ, MHQ and DPI were administered to two groups of male and female students presenting at an health centre: one (n = 72) of patients seeking psychological help, the other (n = 73) a control group. Significant differences between the two groups were formed on the MHQ, confirming previous results; and these were supplemented by differences on the DPI. Motivational and psychoneurotic components of study difficulty were significantly related to MHQ scores in both groups. DPI scores were more closely related to study difficulty in the patients than controls; and served particularly to characterize their sylbism and work satisfaction. The DPI added to the picture of a subgroup of students observed both in an earlier and the present study: academically successful patients scoring high on phobic anxiety.

Achievement↗
PubMed1992

Psychological androgyny and the NEO Personality Inventory.

The hypothesis that the personality profile of androgynous individuals is different from those of the other sex-role groups was tested by giving the Personal Attributes Questionnaire and the NEO Personality Inventory to 113 male and 135 female undergraduates. Results strongly supported the hypothesis.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Similarities between parents and offspring on a personality inventory.

The authors administered a personality inventory that has been used as a psychiatric screening test to 28 children and their natural parents. By intercorrelations between the tests of parents and offspring they attempted to find out whether the offspring resembled the parent of same sex, the parent of the opposite sex, or a composite of both parents. They found that the offspring resembled their peer group more often than either parent or a composite of both parents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Schizophreniform conditions in adolescent drug users differentiation possibilities using objective personality inventories].

The authors report on schizophreniform states in juvenile drug consumers. The following psychodiagnostic instruments have been used in this investigation: a list of complaints, a self-estimation scale, a psychosis-depression-neurosis inventory (v. Zerssen), the Freiburg personality inventory (FPI, Fahrenberg, Selg and Hampel). According to clinical-psychopathological data in the course of psychosis, three groups of patients (N = 21) have been formed and defined as schizophrenia-, borderline-, intoxication-psychosis-groups. The report describes the procedure of two discriminant analyses by which the said three groups have been selected. In addition to methods of a cross section approach, the necessity of longitudinal observations is discussed by means of an own clinical example, considering also observations described in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Does the Millon Behavioral Health Inventory (MBHI) predict lumbar laminectomy outcome? A comparison with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI).

Response to surgery for low-back pain is influenced by psychosocial as well as physical factors. However, no psychosocial measure has yet been found to be highly accurate in predicting surgical outcome for individual patients. The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the usefulness of the Millon Behavioral Health Inventory (MBHI) in predicting outcome of laminectomy for lumbar disc herniation or spinal stenosis. Its use was compared with that of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. The influence of several demographic, clinical, and radiographic variables was also investigated. One hundred twenty-seven patients were assessed at an average of 24 months postsurgery. Ninety-three patients had a good outcome, 20 had a fair outcome, and 14 had a poor outcome. The MBHI scales as a group were not associated with surgical outcome.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of four personality inventories.

The equivalence of personality constructs measured by four rationally devised inventories watested by means of a factor analytic approach. The tests were administered to large high school and college samples. Separate analysis of each inventory were followed by analysis of pooled scales representing each factor found in any inventory. Twelve dimensions were found to be common to two or more inventories and consistent across the two samples. The results indicate a convergence on a set of basic personality constructs measurable and equivalent in several inventories.

Educational Status↗
PubMed1978

Sequential response shift rate: a correlate of human adaptivity measureable with existing personality inventories.

The rate at which Ss changed responses to successive personality inventory items was investigated. It was hypothesized that frequent shifts usually reflect the capacity and motivation to respond differentially to different situations; or that, conversely, too few shifts show a perseverative tendency paralleling inadaptivity in real-life behavior. Eight separate groups (students in nursing, education, social work, and human services paraprofessionals) totaling 286 normal Ss were tested, and their shift rates were compared with supervisory ratings of practical performance. Lanyon's Psychological Screening Inventory, Gough's California Psychological Inventory, or the Minnesota T-S-E were used to elicit shift rate or its approximate antithesis, linear perseveration. Results tended to confirm a moderate, sometimes curvilinear, relationship between shift rate and important practical performance criteria. Sequential shift rate and perseveration are crude but meaningful behavioral measures relatively independent of conventional self-descriptive scores, demonstrating that some inventories detect a previously unrecognized response variable related to general adaptivity.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Personality inventory responses of males with medically intractable seizures.

The psychosocial adjustment of 50 male patients to intractable seizures was assessed by comparing their responses to a combined version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) to the responses of 50 medical, psychiatric, or nonclinical controls who denied seizures. The two groups were significantly different (p < .01) on one MMPI and 10 CPI scales. Significant (p < .01) between-group differences were also reflected in 29 of the 704 personality inventory items. Those items were rationally clustered according to content into six conceptually identifiable subscales; 30 additional items with similar content that were significant at the .05 level were added to those subscales. Comparison of subscale scores of an additional 30 seizure and 30 nonseizure subjects using analysis of variance revealed F values that reached statistical significance (p < .05) in four cases and approached significance (p = .07) in another. Applying coefficients derived from discriminant analysis of the first samples correctly classified 99% of the original patients and 85% of the validation subjects. Results reveal a logical, understandable, and largely adaptive response to intractable seizures and offer little support for the concept of a dysfunctional or pathological interictal personality style.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Evidence for validity of the differential personality inventory.

In order to check the concurrent validity of the Differential Personality Inventory (DPI), the authors gave the test to 60 psychiatric patients (25 men, 35 women), who also were observed and rated on Lorr and Vestre's Psychotic Inpatient Profile. Patients also took Whitaker's Index of Schizophrenic Thinking (WIST), a test that measures thought disorder. The patients received higher scores on appropriate scales of the DPI than did a normative group (N = 370) of university students. We predicted that six of the DPI scales would correlate with relevant criterion measures (Lorr-Vestre scales and WIST); in five of six instances such correlations were statistically significant. We conclude that the DPI discriminates psychotics from normals and that among psychotics it has a moderate power to discriminate among types of psychotic behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The effect of motor-response-deprivation on contingent negative variation (CNV). III: relation with Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI).

The contingent negative variation (CNV) was correlated with Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) in 43 healthy adults as follows: (1) The conventional CNV with motor-response showed a negative correlation with the scores of extroversion in the MPI (E-scores). The recovery of the conventional CNV after verbal extinction showed both a negative correlation with the E-scores and a politive correlation with the scores of neuroticism (N-scores). (2) The motor-response-deprived CNV in the stimuli and nonresponse sessions (Sa and Na) showed no correlation with the MPI, because they fluctuated according to the subject's attentiveness. On the other hand, the CNV in the discrimination session (Da) with constant attentiveness to stimuli showed a positive correlation with the N-scores. (3) The response times in the control and response sessions showed a positive correlation with the N-scores in males and a negative correlation in females. The correlation with the E-scores was nearly opposite.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Is there a characteristic personality profile in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? A Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory study.

A comparison of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory profiles of 21 men and 17 women who had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with the profiles of 50,500 general medical patients showed no marked deviations. The validating scales of the men and the women were similar to those of the general medical population. There was no evidence of increased defensiveness in the group with ALS, as measured by either the L or the K scale, when compared with the general medical population. Individual patient interviews also showed no characteristic personality profile for ALS patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Premorbid personality of monopolar and bipolar depressives. A comparison based on personality inventories (author's transl)].

Premorbid personalities are studied in 65 monopolar endogennous depressives (ICD-Nos. 296.0, 296.2) and in 45 bipolar depressives (ICD-No. 296.3) by a retrospective self-rating evaluation after recovery. The instruments used are two questionnaires of v. Zerssen, especially constructed for that purpose, along with the AUPI questionnaire, which is based on Eysenck's system of personality description. The two groups are compared according to each test scale. Significant differences result in two of the scales. Monopolar depressives score higher than bipolars in the scale representing Tellenbach's "melancholic type". This can be described with terms such as orderly, strenous, and conscientious. Bipolars show more extroversion than monopolars. None of the patients' groups can be distinguished fr-m the normal population in any of the AUPI scales (extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Clinical validity of a Personality Inventory for Children (PIC) profile typology.

We evaluated the validity of a profile typology for the Personality Inventory for Children (PIC), a parent-informant measure of child psychiatric status. For referred children, we studied (a) the convergence of PIC profile types with diagnoses according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., American Psychiatric Association, 1980) and (b) the incremental validity of the PIC over diagnoses in the prediction of symptom ratings completed by teachers and clinicians. We found a high diagnosis-PIC correspondence only for developmentally disordered children; the overlap for children with emotional-conduct problems was poor. For the latter group, however, the correlation of diagnoses with symptom ratings was low, but the incremental validity of the PIC over diagnoses was high. We discuss the use of this profile typology in the clinical evaluation of children and present a case example.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Characteristics of items in the Eysenck Personality Inventory which affect responses when students simulate.

A large sample of students completed Form A of the Eysenck Personality Inventory, and four subgroups were later asked to simulate extraversion, introversion, neuroticism or stability. It was found that subjects could simulate these four personalities successfully. The changes in individual item responses were correlated with the items' factor loadings, validity, response bias, and detectability. The different scales and types of item were considered separately. In some cases the changes in item responses when simulating introversion and extraversion were related to the extraversion validities and factor loadings of the items. More often, however, the behaviour of items under simulation was correlated with aspects of the items that made them more like an item from another scale and thus lessened their susceptibility to a particular type of simulation.

Deception↗