PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Pharynx”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

The pharynx of Caenorhabditis elegans.

The anatomy of the pharynx of Caenorhabditis elegans has been reconstructed from electron micrographs of serial sections. The pharynx is used for pumping food into the gut, and is composed of 34 muscle cells, 9 marginal cells, 9 epithelial cells, 5 gland cells and 20 neurones. Three regions of specialization in the cuticle lining of the pharyngeal lumen may aid in the accumulation of food particles. A basement membrane isolates the pharynx from the rest of the animal, making the pharyngeal nervous system a nearly self-contained unit which is composed primarily of five classes of motor neurones and six classes of interneurones. Three other classes have also been described, which by their morphology appear to be neurosecretory and motor, motor and interneuronal, and lastly one pair that only innervates three of the marginal cells. Some classes of neurone have free endings just under the cuticle lining the lumen of the pharynx, suggesting that these are mechano- or proprio-receptive endings. The connectivity of these neurones has been described at the level of individual synaptic regions, and after combining this information with video taped observations of the pharynx pumping, some interpretations of how these neurones function have been offered.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Control of mouth opening and pharynx protrusion during feeding in the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica.

1. Activity in all three known conducting systems (the nerve net, SS1, and SS2) may accompany feeding in Calliactis. The most marked response is an increase in pulse frequency in the SS2 (the endodermal slow conducting system) during mouth opening and pharynx protrusion. 2. Electrical stimulation of the SS2 at a frequency of one shock every 5 s elicits mouth opening and pharynx protrusion in the absence of food. 3. A rise in SS2 pulse frequency is also evoked by food extracts, some amino acids, and in particular by the tripeptide reduced glutathione, which produces a response at a concentration of 10(-5) M. 4. Although the SS2 is an endodermal system, the receptors involved in the response to food appear to be ectodermal. 5. The epithelium that lines the pharynx conducts SS1 pulses, but there is some evidence for polarization of conduction.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

[Preservation of a vertical mucosa strip for one stage gullet reconstruction after radical resection of the pharynx and larynx (author's transl)].

17 out of 22 patients with a squamous cell cancer of the Hypopharynx (T2-T4,N1-N3) are treated by resection of the pharynx and larynx, combined with radical neck-dissection on both sides, total strumectomy and full course of radio-therapy, reaching from the base of the skull down to the madiastinum. For the immediate reconstruction of a nutritional pathway the preservation of a vertical tumor free strip of the pharyngeal wall at least 15 mm broad is recommended. The remaining mucosa resected at least 20 mm from the margin of the tumor, and the edges controlled by frozen sections can be sutured over a nasal gastric tube of 18 or 16 charr. The reconstruction has several advantages. Though the observation time of 15 months is short, the recurrence rate seems not to be higher than after total resection of the pharynx and larynx.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1979

Calcitonin-like cells in the pharynx of the ascidian Styela clava.

A small group of granulated endocrine cells have been described in the endostylar region of the pharynx in Styela. These cells are argyrophilic and exhibit calcitonin-like immunofluorescence. Tests with antisera to other peptides all proved negative. Cells from animals exposed to elevated calcium levels showed a degree od degranulation. The possibility that these cells may represent ancestral ultimobranchial "C" cells is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orogenital contact and the isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum from the pharynx.

Men and women who came to clinics in Boston underwent pharyngeal examinations, and pharyngeal specimens were obtained for cultures for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum. Fifty-one (4.9%) of 1,037 participants had gonococcal pharyngeal infection. M. hominis and U. urealyticum were recovered from the pharynges of 149 (14.3%) and 154 (14.8%) of 1,044 participants, respectively. The history of ever having performed fellatio was associated with pharyngeal infection with N. gonorrhoeae (P less than 0.02), M. hominis (P less than 0.05), and U. urealyticum (P less than 0.006). A history of fellatio was also associated with a history of a recent sore throat. There was, however, no association between pharyngeal infection with N. gonorrhoeae, M. hominis, or U. urealyticum and a recent sore throat. Cunnilingus was not associated with symptoms or signs or pharyngitis or with the isolation of gonococci or genital mycoplasmas from the pharynx. The pharyngitis associated with fellatio remains a microbiologic enigma.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[Digestive duplications affecting the pharynx or fistulae of the fourth endo-branchial pouch. Four cases (author's transl)].

Four cases of children with recurrent latero-cervical epithelial cystic tumours which where identified as exceptional derivatives of the 4th endobranchial pouch on the basis of their connections with the pharynx and in particular the piriform fossa. The opportunity is taken to review the characteristics of equally rare digestive, duplications and congenital diverticula at a cervical and buccopharyngeal level. This diagnosis was made initially in the first of these cases.

Branchioma↗
PubMed1977

[Isolated rupture of the pharynx].

A case of isolated nonpenetrating traumatic rupture of the pharynx is reported. The possible explanations of origin and treatment are discussed and compared with similar cases reported in literature.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1979

Juvenile fibrous hamartoma of the pharynx.

A case of juvenile fibrous hamartoma of the pharynx in a three-year-old boy is described. It is a rare tumour, mostly occurring in the subcutaneous tissues in the infant. A pharyngeal localisation has not been described before. Complete local excision appeared sufficient for cure.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1976

[Coagulation abnormalities in the patients with malignant tumours of the larynx and pharynx (author's transl)].

In 8 of 41 examined patients with larynx tumour and in 6 of 7 those with pharynx tumours we found hypercoagulability using specific coagulation test. In two of our patients laboratory tests pointed out on the disseminated intravascular coagulation, that became clinically manifest just during radiotherapy. The routine coagulation tests cannot detect the coagulation abnormality in the majority of cases and therefore in the patients with malignant tumours specific tests for discovering the ICF (intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis) syndrom are to be made.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colonization of the pharynx with Neisseria gonorrhoeae: experience in a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases.

At a clinic for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, 1,453 patients were examined for pharyngeal colonization with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. A history of oral sex was reported by 895 (61.2%) of the patients. N. gonorrhoeae was isolated from the pharynges of 42 (2.9%) of the 1,453 patients. Twenty-seven of the 42 patients with N. gonorrhoeae-positive cultures gave histories of oral sex, and all 42 patients reported orogenital contact when questioned again at a follow-up visit. Seven patients with positive cultures had pharyngeal symptoms; all seven practiced fellatio. Eleven of the infected men were asymptomatic heterosexuals whose only orogenital contact was cunnilingus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Passage of feeding catheters into the pleural space: a radiographic sign of trauma to the pharynx and esophagus in the newborn.

Although rarely recognized, traumatic pharyngeal and cervical esophageal pseudodiverticula are probably not infrequent in newborns who have undergone vigorous oropharyngeal suctioning and endotracheal intubation. This report describes four premature infants with clinically unsuspected retroesophageal false passages incidentally discovered on chest radiographs. Differentiation of pseudodiverticula from spontaneous rupture of the middle or distal esophagus can be achieved by careful inspection of the course of the feeding catheter in frontal and lateral projections and by partial withdrawal of the catheter to permit injection of the retroesophageal false passage with a small volume of water-soluble contrast material.

Catheterization↗