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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Cerebral changes in the course of intoxication with mercury phenylacetate.

A histoenzymic study of cerebral phosphatases and esterases was performed on rats subjected to experimental intoxication with mercury phenylacetate. Following intragastric application of mercury phenylacetate to experimental animals, decreased activities of cerebral ATPase, acP and AChE were observed. The intoxicated animals displayed enhanced cerebral TPPase and partially also NsChE activities. Apart from changes in the histoenzymic pattern of the experimental brains, the ingestion of mercury phenylacetate brought about evident morphological changes in form of neuronal vacuolisation and spongious degeneration of the white matter. The extent of morphological as well as histoenzymic alterations was dependent on the duration of the experimental poisoning.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1979

Identification of clinical isolates of selected species of Bacteroides: production of phenylacetic acid.

A total of 132 human clinical isolates were identified and tested for the production of phenylacetic acid. With the exception of B. vulgatus, B. melaninogenicus ss. melaninogenicus, and B. melaninogenicus ss. intermedius, all other species under study produced phenylacetic acid. This property can thus serve as a basis for faster characterization of the strains in clinical laboratories.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1977

[Influence of antirheumatic phenylacetic acid derivatives on glycosaminoglycan metabolism of fibroblast culture (author's transl)].

Murine embryonic fibroblast monolayer cultures were used to study the influence of the antirheumatic phenylacetic acid derivatives ibufanac, ibuprofen, alclofenac and bufexamac and of phenylbutazone as a reference compound on glycosaminoglycan (GAG) metabolism viability and multiplication of cells cultured in vitro. The phenylacetic acid derivatives as well as phenylbutazone showed in concentrations between 10(-3) and 10(-5) M a significant inhibitory effect on GAG production and in concentrations between 10(-3) and 3.3 X 10(-4) M a cytostatic effect; bufexamac was cytostatically active up to the concentration of 10(-5) M. Ibufenac, ibuprofen and alclofenac exhibited a similar behaviour as other non-steroidal antirheumatic drugs regarding their influence of GAG metabolism and on cell multiplication.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Phenylacetic acid mediates Acinetobacter baumannii entry into a viable but non-culturable state.

Desiccation tolerance is central to the pathogenic success of the opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii, allowing its survival on hospital surfaces in the absence of water and nutrients for months at a time, compromising surface decontamination and aiding cross-contamination between staff and patients. Despite the importance of desiccation tolerance, the regulation underpinning this behaviour remains largely elusive. In this work, transcriptomic analyses of desiccated cells revealed phenylacetic acid (PAA) catabolism as an essential mediator of desiccation tolerance. We subsequently demonstrate that deletion of the paa operon abolished the clonogenicity of desiccated cells. Strikingly, these A. baumannii cells remained viable by entering the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state, a means to survive extreme stressors like antibiotic exposure. Furthermore, we uncover that PAA catabolism is necessary to mediate PAA-driven biofilm regulation. These findings highlight PAA catabolism as a modulator of biofilm formation and a key pathway for entry into the VBNC state in response to desiccation. This reveals PAA catabolism as a target for novel infection prevention strategies.

Phenylacetates↗
PubMed1979

Decreased cerebrospinal fluid concentration of free phenylacetic acid in depressive illness.

Cerebrospinal fluid free phenylacetic acid concentration in a series of depressive patients was significantly lower than values in control subjects. This acid derives from phenylethylamine and the findings may reflect a decrease in its brain formation. Such a deficit may be related to other recent observations of a decrease in urinary output of the major metabolites of the "trace amines", octopamine and tyramine: phenylethylamine is thought to be the precursor of these "trace amines".

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Express method of determining phenylacetic acid in the culture broth during the biosynthesis of benzylpenicillin].

Phenylacetate acid (PAA) is transferred by extraction from the fermentation broth filtrate into toluol. The extract is applied to a Silufol plate with an aluminium foil lining (silica gel sorbent, Czechoslovakia). Reference solutions of PAA are also applied to the same plate. The reference and test solutions are applied dropwise (spots of 5--6 x 10(-3)m in diameter). For PAA development the spots are sprayed with a freshly prepared saturated solution of potassium manganate in 6N H2SO4. PAA of the test samples is developed as a dull ring against grey background and that of the reference solution is developed as a circle. The amount of PAA in the spot is determined by using correlation between the spot area and the amount of PAA applied. One plate of 225 X 10(-4) m2 can be used for about 300 analyses. One analysis takes 300--600 seconds.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1979

Hydrophobic binding of phenoxyacetic and phenylacetic acids to horseradish peroxidase and human serum albumin: structure-activity relationships.

Studies of protein binding in homologous series of drugs are of great interest for drug research. Apparent binding constants of phenoxyacetic and phenylacetic acids to horseradish peroxidase and to human serum albumin are evaluated by NMR studies and an optical method. These constants are good parameters to describe hydrophobic interactions, and the results are in a good agreement with our protein binding model described previously.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1979

Inter-relationships between solubilities, distribution coefficients and melting points of some substituted benzoic and phenylacetic acids.

Ten 4-hydroxy and 4-alkoxy benzoic and phenylalkanoic acids have been investigated. Solubilities in aqueous buffer at pH 1.2 were determined, together with distribution coefficients between the buffer and either octanol or isopropyl myristate. When plotted against the total number of carbon atoms in the side chains, log octanol/water distribution coefficients gave two parallel straight lines, one for the substituted benzoic acids, and the other for the substituted phenylalkanoic acids. The slopes approximated to 0.5, the generally accepted value for methylene. Similar plots could be obtained with isopropyl myristate, provided the hydroxy acid results were ignored, and also when log aqueous solubilities were plotted against carbon number, although there was considerable scatter. The differences between the distribution coefficient results were explained in terms of solute-solvent interactions, and the scatter attributed to variations in the heats of fusion of the solutes. Yalkowsky's equation (1977), linking aqueous solubilities and melting points with distribution coefficients, was applied to the results, and found to be of limited predictive value.

Benzoates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolism of p-(cyclopropylcarbonyl)phenylacetic acid (SQ 20,650). Species Differences.

The metabolism of p-(cyclopropylcarbonyl)phenyl[14C]acetic acid (I-14C), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, has been studied in rats, dogs, and monkeys. Animals were given single intravenous or oral doses of 5 and 50 mg of I-14C/kg. In all cases, 72-88% of the administered dose was excreted in urine, with most of the radioactivity appearing within 24 hr after dosing; less than 11% was found in feces. The half-life (t1/2) of radioactivity in monkey or dog plasma was 1 and 5 hr. respectively, after the oral or intravenous administration of a 5-mg dose of I-14C per kg. At 50 mg/kg, these half-lives increased to 3.5 and 7.7 hr. respectively. More than 90% of the radioactivity in plasma of both species was associated with unchanged drug. Species differences exist in the biotransformation of I. Rat urine contained 93-97% I; 2-6% (alpha-cyclopropyl-alpha-hydroxy-p-tolyl)acetic acid (II); and approximately 1% as conjugates. Monkey urine contained I-glucuronide (88%) and unconjugated II (7-10%). In the dog, I-taurine accounted for 27% of the radioactivity found in urine; II and its taurine conjugate accounted for 20 and 30%, respectively; a small quantity of II-glycine (3%) was also detected. There are three minor metabolites that have not been identified. Metabolite II isolated from dog urine was shown to be dextrorotatory.

Animals↗