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18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Unstable vivax malaria in Korea.

Korean vivax malaria had been prevalent for longtime throughout the country with low endemicity. As a result of the Korean war (1950-1953), malaria became epidemic. In 1959-1969 when the National Malaria Eradication Service (NMES) was implemented, malaria rates declined, with low endemicity in the south-west and south plain areas and high endemic foci in north Kyongsangbuk-do (province) and north and east Kyonggi-do. NMES activities greatly contributed in accelerating the control and later eradication of malaria. The Republic of Korea (South Korea) was designated malaria free in 1979. However, malaria re-emerged in 1993 and an outbreak occurred in north Kyonggi-do and north-west Kangwon-do (in and/or near the Demilitarized Zone, DMZ), bordering North Korea. It has been postulated that most of the malaria cases resulted from bites of sporozoite-infected females of An. sinensis dispersed from North Korea across the DMZ. Judging from epidemiological and socio-ecological factors, vivax malaria would not be possible to be endemic in South Korea. Historical data show that vivax malaria in Korea is a typical unstable malaria. Epidemics may occur when environmental, socio-economical, and/or political factors change in favor to malaria transmission, and when such factors change to normal conditions malaria rates become low and may disappear. Passive case detection is a most feasible and recommendable control measure against the unstable vivax malaria in Korea in cost-effect point of view.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed1992

Potential movements of capital and labor in northeast Asia.

"This paper provides background information for potential movements of capital and labor within Northeast Asia. First, it reviews recent geopolitical changes...and the current state of capital and labor movements between the countries of Northeast Asia along the broad theme of regional cooperation. Second, the paper assesses potential movements of capital and labor in the near future based on planned or anticipated development projects in the region. Finally, political and social barriers to movements of capital and labor and some measures to facilitate such...movements are discussed."

Asia↗
PubMed1993

[Continuities and changes in Swiss migration policy].

"In May 1991 the Swiss Federal Government...submitted to the Parliament some proposals aiming at reshaping the immigration policy. In this article, we give an overview of the current re-organisation of policy, we analyse the underlying logic of the adopted measures as well as their possible consequences, and we try to show how the policy towards foreigners interferes with the policy towards refugees and asylum-seekers. We describe the political and economic motivations behind the changes in policy.... We show how immigration policy and asylum policy have become gradually incompatible.... The contradiction is obvious in three aspects of the current policy: the ethnic selection, the selection according to occupations, and the legitimation of the selection." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Culture↗
PubMed1990

Regional differences in immigration and economic structure in Australia.

"The scale of overseas immigration and the exceptional importance of the role played by migrants in demographic, economic and cultural trends in Australia makes the immigration policy one of the key components of Australian politics. Both the immigration policy and the outcomes of this policy are shaped by four major groups of factors: demographic, economic, cultural, and political in a broad sense. The weighting of these factors changes from period to period. This paper looks at the extent to which some of these factors affect regional differentiation of the immigration pattern. The analysis is focused on the influences of employment structure and other socio-economic characteristics of different Australian regions, exerted on overseas migration to these regions." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

Australia↗
PubMed1990

Population aging and social security: a politico-economic model of state pension financing.

"The present paper attempts to provide a positive, politico-economic explanation of actual social security policies [in developed countries]. A theoretical framework is devised which integrates individual utility maximization and governmental maximization of expected political support. Individual support depends on how net economic benefit from a pay-as-you-go financed state pension scheme is translated into a probability of voting for the government. The relation between net economic positions, public policy parameters, and voting probabilities is made explicit by referring to the logit model of qualitative choice. The analysis is set in an overlapping generations framework. Optimal state pension policies are characterized, relating such diverse factors as population aging, political power distribution, social solidarity, and income taxation." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND GER)

Demography↗
PubMed1989

Demographic change, labour force dynamics and employment: new problems and old politics?

The paper examines the problems for social protection and economic growth that arise from the development of a dualistic labor force-- divided into a privileged core and a disadvantaged periphery--created by the dynamic interaction of labor supply rigidities and rapid technological growth. It concluded that reforms of labor market institutions have to be introduced in order to solve the existing problems.

Demography↗
PubMed1984

Nestle and breast vs. bottle feeding: mainstream and Marxist perspectives.

The breast vs. bottle feeding issue has sparked a controversial debate. Mainstream analysis of the problem shows that arguments made by the business community, as represented by the Nestle Corporation, do not withstand examination of the evidence. For example, it cannot be substantiated that women begin formula feeding because they have entered the labor force. Mainstream studies of cost effectiveness further indicate that bottle feeding is a drain on the incomes of impoverished Third World families and nations. Marxist analysis gives a very different perspective. Nestle represents 19th century capitalist development and the Industrial Revolution, and 20th century imperialism, neocolonialism and monopoly capitalism. Its motive has been capital accumulation and expansion. To increase surplus value appropriation, capitalism must devalue the household (subsistence) economy in which women enjoyed considerable status. Women also produce the most fundamental commodity for capitalism-laborers; therefore, the biological connection must be masked and controlled for the benefit of capital. Thus, as the capitalist mode of production has developed, women have been removed from important roles in production and reproduction. Coupled with the ascendancy of science, expertism and public health imperialism, breast feeding in any market economy becomes nearly impossible. As women internalize the values of capitalist ideology, they elevate "man-made" marketed commodities over subsistence goods such as breast milk.

Bottle Feeding↗
PubMed1987

Iran: spotlight.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Asia↗
PubMed1988

Income inequality in small regions: a study of Australian statistical divisions.

This paper provides "empirical analysis of the nature of the relationship between economic development of regions and income inequality in Australian sub-state regions. It does so in the context of considering the validity of the 'augmented inverted U' hypothesis and the influence of factors such as the business cycle, political issues, and demographic trends, which are likely to cause income inequality to change over time." Data are from the Australian censuses for the years 1976 and 1981.

Australia↗