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Results for “Potassium Dichromate”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1975

Delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the lungs of guinea pigs due to potassium dichromate.

Potassium dichromate was inhaled by guinea pigs previously immunized by potassium dichromate until strong positive patch tests were obtained. No obvious respiratory changes were noted during and after inhalation. Histologically, however, mononuclear cells infiltrated the interstitial spaces in large areas of the lung, producing considerable thickening of the alveolar spaces in 24 to 48 hr after inhalation. Polymorphonuclear cells were predominant initially. These changes were similar to the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the lung elicited by the inhalation of purified protein derivative (PPD) in the guinea pigs immunized by an injection of dry-killed tubercle bacilli. A less marked reaction was observed in guinea pigs passively sensitized with peritoneal exudate cells and lymph node cells. Consequently, the pulmonary changes were thought to be elicited by delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction due to a simple chemical. The clinical implications of delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the lung due to simple chemicals are discussed.

Administration, Intranasal↗

PubMed1977

Inhibition of DNA synthesis in BHK fibroblasts treated in vitro with potassium dichromate.

Treatment of hamster fibroblasts with potassium dichromate in vitro stimulates tritiated thymidine uptake into the intracellular nucleotide pool. This effect is due to the oxidizing action of hexavalent chromium on the plasma membrane. Dichromate, induces also an inhibition of DNA replication, which is due to the interaction of reduced trivalent chromium with specific biological ligands on the DNA molecule.

Cell Line↗

PubMed1976

Patch tests with potassium dichromate removed after 24 and 48 hours.

The rate of release in vitro of four potassium dichromate concentrations (0.5, 0.1, 0.05 and 0.01%) was determined. In the course of 24 h, 90.1-97.5% was released of the total K2Cr2O7 amount in 48 h. Out of 30 patients positive to 0.05% dichromate when the patch test was done routinely, 29 were also positive when the patch was removed after 24 h. The effect of the earlier removal of the patch test was also noted in seven other patients, when results of tests with lower dichromate concentrations were taken into account.

Allergens↗

PubMed1978

Intravascular haemolysis and acute renal failure following potassium dichromate poisoning.

An 18-year-old girl developed acute renal failure 24 hr after ingestion of potassium dichromate. Laboratory data revealed associated intravascular haemolysis. Renal histology showed features suggestive of acute tubular necrosis. She went into diuretic phase after 11 days of oliguria and subsequently regained normal renal function. Both direct toxic damage by dichromate and intravascular haemolysis may have contributed to the development of acute tubular necrosis and acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1979

Differential cytotoxic activity of potassium dichromate on nucleoside uptake in BHK fibroblasts.

In cultures of hamster fibroblasts (BHK cell line) treated with potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) nucleic acid and protein syntheses are differentially inhibited, and nucleoside uptake into the intracellular pool is characterized by a stimulation phase followed by an inhibition phase. Different patterns are observed for the uptake of each ribo- and deoxyribonucleoside, pyrimidine nucleoside (particularly deoxycytidine) uptake reaching the highest stimulation level. Kinetics of thymidine and deoxycytidine initial uptake at different exogenous nucleoside concentrations show that K2Cr2O7 affects both simple and facilitated diffusion of nucleosides. The time course of thymidine and deoxycytidine pool saturation suggests however that the effects of K2Cr2O7 on plasma membrane permeability are partially counterbalanced by modifications of pool size deriving from the concomitant alteration of steps of nucleoside metabolism separate from nucleoside uptake.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Effects of potassium dichromate on nucleic acid and protein syntheses and on precursor uptake in BHK fibroblasts.

Treatments for 1 to 4 hr with 10-4 m potassium dichromate, a soluble hexavalent chromium salt with a strong oxidizing power, markedly reduce DNA and RNA accumulation rates in hamster fibroblasts grown in vitro (BHK line), as shown by quantitative spectrophotometric determinations. Such inhibitory action is not immediately evident on the basis of the incorporation rates of labeled nucleosides into DNA and RNA, as dichromate affects also the relative concentrations of labeled precursors in the intracellular pool. Dichromate first stimulates and then inhibits nucleoside (mostly thymidine) uptake, whereas amino acid uptake is immediately inhibited. Actual rates of macromolecular syntheses have been calculated by taking into account the induced changes of soluble precursor concentrations; sucn normalized rates point out that dichromate induces a sudden blockage of DNA replication, whereas RNA and protein syntheses are secondarily inhibited. The observed cytotoxic effects of dichromate are tentatively referred to the oxidation of cell components by hexavalent chromium and thereby to the interaction of reduced trivalent chromium with specific biological ligands on cell membrane and on DNA.

Cells, Cultured↗

PubMed1991

[Effect of potassium dichromate on histopathologic changes in testicles of white rats and results of atomic pilograms on fur].

Male rats were administered, for the period of 30 days, potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in a dose of 2 and 5 mg/kg of body weight and magnesium chloride (Mg Cl2) in a dose of 500 mg/kg of body weight. These two substances were also administered jointly (K2C2O7-5 mg/kg and MgCl2-500 mg/kg of body weight). In the testicles of animals receiving K2Cr2O7 in a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight in groups III and IV there were observed changes of significant degree, mainly degenerative and multifocal, which consisted in degenerative changes of various degrees and changes of necrotic epithelium cells which, in turn, consist in cell hyper- or hypochromasia of chromatolysis or pycnosis and, too, in lesions of testicle epithelium of the spermatic epithelium cells. The cells of the Leydig intraparenchymatous gland did not reveal any histopathological changes as well as changes in the increase of hyatochemical tests. The highest concentration of chrome was in the hair of the animals receiving K2Cr2O7 in a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Lysozyme activity of high-leucocyte-count milk and the effect of heat and potassium dichromate on lysozyme activity.

No support could be found for the hypothesis that mastitis, as evidenced by increased leucocyte counts in milk, is accompanied by an increase in lysozyme activity. The presence of potassium dichromate in the preserved milk samples did not seem to affect lysozyme activity. The sensitivity of lysozyme to heat was demonstrated. All lysozyme isolates and purifications were made with deaminated chitin affinity chromatography.

Animals↗

PubMed1976