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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Fears of pregnant women if prenatal examination yields or does not yield any findings].

OBJECTIVE: Besides a medical point of view, prenatal diagnosis also has psychological effects on the pregnant woman. We studied the state of anxiety before and after prenatal examination with unsuspicious and suspicious prenatal findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a consecutive sample of 332 pregnant women presenting between the 12th and 21st week of gestation for prenatal malformation scan (level three reference centre, Unit for Prenatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Lübeck) we ascertained state and trait anxiety (Spielberger) before prenatal examination and state anxiety after prenatal examination with unsuspicious and suspicious findings. RESULTS: In the sample of N = 332 pregnant women prenatal examination showed a suspicious finding in 37 fetuses (11.1 %) and an unsuspicious finding in 295 fetuses (88.9 %). Before prenatal examination there is no difference (Mann-Whitney-Test, P = 0.286) between the group with negative results and the pregnant women with a positive result for the trait anxiety scale; however, there is a significant difference (Mann-Whitney-Test, P = 0.014*) for the scale of state anxiety. After prenatal examination the evaluation of the state anxiety questionnaire shows a significant (Mann-Whitney-Test, P = 0.000*) difference between pregnant women with an unsuspicious finding and pregnant women with a suspicious finding. State-anxiety is significantly reduced after examination if the prenatal scan is unsuspicious (Wilcoxon-Test, P = 0.000*), but there is no significant difference between pre-and post-examination anxiety if there is a positive finding (Wilcoxon-Test, P = 0.399). Evaluating aspects of anxiety as regards content, it can be demonstrated that before prenatal examination the pregnant women are just as much afraid of a malformation being detected as of it being missed. CONCLUSIONS: Suspecting or knowing about a malformation of the unborn means a complex process of coping and an intense psychosocial strain for a pregnant woman. Besides the fear of a detected malformation the pregnant women state equal fear of a malformation being missed. In contrast to this the immediate feedback of a negative finding during ultrasound examination leads to a significant reduction of anxiety and to an emotional relief for the pregnant woman.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Anatomic study of the umbilical vein and ductus venosus in human fetuses: ultrasound application in prenatal examination of left congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

For clinicians it is very difficult to evaluate the prognosis of a left congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) at prenatal ultrasound examination. Surgical studies show that the presence of a large part of the liver in the chest is a criterion of poor prognosis. However, ultra-sonography encounters some difficulties in determining the precise position of the liver in the thoracic cavity. The aim of this anatomic study was to define the relationship between the position of the liver and the path of the ductus venosus and of the umbilical v., which are easily recognizable at prenatal sonography. Twenty dead fetuses were used for the study (12 with a left CDH and 8 without). All fetuses underwent radiographic assessment, anatomic dissection and cross-sectional study. The angle between the umbilical v. and the ductus venosus in different planes was measured. The more the liver was in the thorax, the greater was the angle between the ductus venosus and the sagittal plane, and the less the angle between the ductus venosus and the umbilical v. These angles can be easily measured by prenatal ultrasound examination of the fetus. Our findings suggest that it is now possible to offer the clinician a new and reliable way to determine the prognosis of a left CDH before birth.

Autopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Interview training for patient history inquiry at the first prenatal examination: a pilot project at a women's clinic].

In view of the relevance of preventive examinations to health policy and the prophylactic value of the first meeting between physician and patient, the efficiency which which patients' histories are taken--and hence overall prenatal care--should be improved. The method adopted by duty physicians at the prenatal outpatient clinic of a community hospital furnishes an example. The examination was subdivided into four phases: 1. documentation of the current state of communication between doctor and patient (tape recordings, participatory observation, interviewing the patients and the duty physicians); 2. analysis of the interviews and the participatory observation, linguistic analysis of the history discussions; 3. topic-centered communication training of the duty physicians involved, on the basis of their own tape recordings; 4. feedback, verification of efficiency, and transfer of results to routine practice in the prenatal clinic. As early as in the fourth session changes in behavior and an increased awareness of problem areas in the course of the discussion were noted among the duty physicians. The program has proved easy to implement in practice. It enhances communication and identification for the junior physicians, and has had a highly positive overall effect.

Communication↗
PubMed1988

Circular on prenatal examinations of unborn children in the laboratories of public hospital establishments and in clinical laboratories, 12 April 1988.

This Circular is addressed to the French regional and departmental authorities responsible for health and social affairs. It clarifies the present situation regarding the prenatal diagnosis of certain defects or serious or fatal deformations of the fetus. It specifies the reasons for regulation of this field and defines the conditions in which a prenatal diagnosis may be carried out in the public and private sectors. Various annexes are appended providing, among others, a standard form for the record of the prenatal diagnosis and the list of laboratories carrying out prenatal diagnoses of chromosome defects drawn up on 1 March 1988.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1997

[Frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis in the cervix of pregnant women during prenatal examinations].

From February 1993 to October 1995, 80 endocervical samples taken from 80 pregnant patients in pre-natal control were examined in private practice at the Hospital Angeles del Pedregal in Mexico City for purposes of detecting Chlamydia trachomatis by direct inmunoflorecency. Gestational ages ranged from 20 to 39 week. A positive reaction to Chlamydia trachomatis was observed in 10% (8 patients) of the participating patients. Taking into account this frequency it is suggested that this study be a part of prenatal control.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

A search for guidance: examining prenatal substance exposure protocols.

OBJECTIVES: To describe key elements of a set of hospital prenatal substance exposure protocols, and to relate variations in protocol content to the state legislative environment and hospital characteristics. METHODS: Nurse managers and hospital administrators with responsibility for perinatal care were asked to provide their hospital's prenatal substance exposure protocol. Using a structured coding form, two independent coders read and abstracted information from the 87 protocols received. Hospital and patient characteristics and the state's legal environment were cross-tabulated. RESULTS: Only half of coded protocols included an implementation date; 37% lacked any goal or statement of purpose. Most covered the key components of prenatal substance exposure management, such as precipitants and guidelines for toxicology screening, but failed to present their contents clearly. Only a few discussed whether specific maternal consent is required for a maternal or a newborn toxicology screen. Protocols from states that had made some legislative response to prenatal substance exposure were more likely to provide reporting guidelines and a discussion of consent for a toxicology screen for mothers and newborns. Protocols were more likely to be found in larger hospitals and were more detailed in hospitals serving more affluent and less minority patient populations. CONCLUSIONS: More attention needs to be devoted to the development of prenatal substance exposure protocols, as their lack of clarity precludes most from meeting protocol development goals, such as encouraging standardized care. Associations between hospital characteristics, state legislative environment and protocol features suggest that legislative mandates could shape their development and features.

Clinical Protocols↗