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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1967

The lobotomy patient--a decade later: a follow-up study of a research project started in 1948.

One hundred and fifty patients with chronic mental illness were treated with prefrontal lobotomy between 1948 and 1952 as part of a research study. Follow-up assessments were made by the author in 1952 and again in 1962. One hundred and sixteen patients of the original 150 were available for the follow-up study which provides the basis for this report. Sixty-seven per cent improved sufficiently to live out of hospital, although 26% did have periods of relapse requiring further treatment. The maximum postoperative response usually occurred at six months and was usually maintained subsequently. Most significant complications of lobotomy were epilepsy (12%) and a personality defect (91%). The results of this lobotomy study were examined in relationship to current psychiatric therapy, with particular reference to recent clinical experience with lobotomy. It was concluded that if prefrontal lobotomy is used for selected cases of intractable mental disorder only, it has probably found its proper place in psychiatric treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

After slow start, project to channel drug company funds to universities builds steam.

Drug companies appear to have been listening when researchers began complaining about their lack of participation in the MRC/PMAC Health Program, for the 30-month-old project appears to have taken on new life. It is designed to increase collaboration between university and pharmaceutical industry researchers by directing more of the industry's growing investment in Canada through the MRC's peer-review process. By mid-May, program commitments stood at $60 million.

Canada↗
PubMed1992

Wisconsin wrestling minimum weight project.

Starting in the 1991-1992 school year, Wisconsin was the first state to have a mandatory minimum weight established for high school wrestlers, along with a comprehensive standardized nutrition education program. The minimum weight project was phased in over 2 years. The goal of the project is to scientifically predict a healthy minimum weight for high school wrestlers. No guidelines were previously set and unhealthy weight loss practices are sometimes used to achieve desired weights. A wrestler's weight is often determined by the need to fill a wrestling class and not on a good scientific basis. Many wrestling coaches across the state have tried to implement individual programs, but until this project there had been no coordinated, collective effort.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1967

Project Head Start. An evaluation of the medical components in California.

Half of 1,135 children medically examined as a part of Project Head Start in California had one or more conditions that warranted referral to a physician or dentist, and only one-fifth of these were under care. In the judgment of the examining physicians, one-third of the referable medical conditions were described as "major." Follow-up procedures were variable and not very successful. Increased local medical society participation in planning the health services for these children is recommended as an especially important step in securing care for the problems that are identified.

California↗
PubMed2001

Perspectives on legislation relating to the rights and protection of people with dementia in Europe.

This article focuses on the main legal provisions in Europe relating to the protection and rights of people with dementia. The information referred to was obtained in the framework of two EC funded projects, which involved the collection, translation and comparison of relevant legislation, and then the writing of legal recommendations to improve the legal rights and protection of people with dementia. The first project started in 1997 and was completed in 1999. The second project started in 1999 and was completed in November 2000. The article provides an overview of the main features of some of the laws in Europe on a few key issues, i.e. guardianship, coercive measures and bioethical issues. Some of the main differences between the systems in different countries are highlighted. An attempt is made to show how the adequacy and appropriateness of legal provisions differ vastly from one country to the next and also to identify the emergence of a few trends, which seem to reflect a movement towards a greater awareness of the nature of mental incapacity and hence a better provision for the rights and protection of people with dementia.

Bioethics↗
PubMed2000

Smoking reduction activities in a federal program to reduce infant mortality among high risk women.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the smoking cessation/reduction services offered to pregnant women by federally funded Healthy Start projects designed to reduce infant mortality. DESIGN: Information was obtained by questionnaires sent to all Healthy Start projects in 1999. Responses were received from 76 sites. SETTING: The federal government selected the Healthy Start sites on the basis of infant mortality rates that were much in excess of the national average. PATIENTS: The projects served largely minority clients. Most of the women were poor and eligible for Medicaid. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The services that projects offered to pregnant smokers, the priority given the smoking related activities, and whether more should be done. RESULTS: Only 23% of the sites thought that they were doing enough to help pregnant smokers stop or reduce smoking. The sites felt the national office should develop a manual of best practices, provide client materials, and organise workshops. While three quarters of the sites expected home visitors to counsel pregnant smokers, less than half provided training in this area during orientation, but most visitors received on-the-job training. Only 64% of sites gave smoking cessation/reduction activities high priority in comparison to other objectives of home visiting. CONCLUSIONS: Although Healthy Start sites were aware of the importance of smoking cessation/reduction activities for their clients, they offered a limited range of services. These projects, and others with similar objectives serving similar populations, need a better understanding of the time and money such interventions require and greater belief in their effectiveness, along with more funds, staff training and materials, and office systems that promote counselling.

Counseling↗