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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Fluvoxamine in prevention of relapse in bulimia nervosa: effects on eating-specific psychopathology.

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 72 patients with bulimia nervosa treated successfully with inpatient psychotherapy, the efficacy of fluvoxamine in maintaining improvement was tested. Fluvoxamine and placebo, respectively, were given over a period of about 15 weeks (2-3 weeks inpatient titration phase, 12 weeks outpatient relapse-prevention [maintenance] phase). The variables assessed concerned bulimic behavior and other aspects of eating disorders, global status, depression, anxieties, obsessive-compulsive behavior, and other aspects of psychopathology. Because the dropout rate was relatively high (N = 27 [33%]) and because it was considerably higher in the fluvoxamine group (19 out of 37 subjects), analyses were performed on the intent-to-treat sample (ideally including all 72 subjects). Results of the completer sample analyses (including only those subjects who finished the study) are briefly presented for comparison. In both the intent-to-treat and the completer analyses, the following scales showed fluvoxamine to have a significant effect in reducing the return of bulimic behavior: (1) self-ratings: Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI)-bulimia, urges to binge in previous week and the number of actual binges in the previous week; (2) expert ratings: Psychiatric Status Rating Scales for Bulimia nervosa, Structured Interview for Anorexia and Bulimia nervosa (SIAB)-"total score," SIAB-subscale "fasting," and SIAB-subscale "vomiting." Two further variables (EDI-total score and SIAB-subscale "bulimia") showed the superior relapse prevention effects of fluvoxamine compared with placebo for the completer sample, while they did not reach significance for group-by-time interactions in the intent-to-treat sample. During a final, short (4-week) off-medication phase, no effect of the discontinuation of medication was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

A comparative study of four depression rating scales.

Comparisons were made between the overall scores on the Beck, Hamilton, Zung and a visual analogue rating scale in a group of depressed patients. The comparisons were made initially and at one, two and three weeks. Significant correlations between the global scores were found on these depression scales. The value of these scales in clinical research studies in depression is discussed wirh special mention of the value of the visual analogue scale.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Variations in the Hoffmann reflex recovery curve related to clinical manifestations of schizoaffective disorder.

Recovery curves of the Hoffmann reflex (H reflex) were measured in both legs of 10 unmedicated inpatients with schizoaffective disorder, depressed type. Neither recovery curve height of the right leg nor that of the left leg was significantly correlated with clinical psychopathology, although a consistent negative relation was noted between recovery curve height of the left leg and psychopathology. Right-left differences in recovery curve height significantly correlated with both Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ratings of psychopathology, such that relative elevation of the recovery curve of the right leg or relative lowering of the recovery curve of the left leg correlated with symptom severity. Three patients who later developed psychotic symptoms when treated with bupropion, a dopaminergic agent, had lower recovery curves, indicative of increased central dopaminergic activity. Relatively lower left-sided recovery curves may reflect increased dopaminergic activity on the right side of the brain in schizoaffective disorder, compared to the left in schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Rating scales.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

The relationship between anxiety and depression in children: rating scales and clinical variables.

The present study examined the relationship between anxiety and depression in children in the context of proposed adult models. The results support the qualitative distinction between anxious and depressed patient groups on subsets of rating scale measures and clinical variables. In contrast to anxious children who were younger, (day patients) had been ill for longer than one year, presented with behavioral problems, and were low on observer ratings of depressive symptoms; depressed children were older, (inpatients) had been ill for less than one year, presented with emotional problems and were high on observer ratings of both anxious and depressive symptoms. The finding that the older depressed children were concurrently anxious while the younger anxious children were not concurrently depressed is discussed from the viewpoint of a hypothesized temporal sequence between anxiety and depression. The implication of this and other related findings are discussed in regard to their importance for differential diagnosis and prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Mental and physical health of homeless persons who use emergency shelters in Vancouver.

OBJECTIVES: Homelessness is often associated with deinstitutionalization of chronic mentally ill people, but estimates of the number of mentally ill people in the homeless population vary. The purpose of the study was to determine the extent of psychiatric problems among the users of shelters for homeless persons in Vancouver, British Columbia. In addition, the study documented the demographic and physical health characteristics of shelter residents. METHODS: Researchers surveyed 124 emergency shelter users about their self-reported physical and mental health status and assessed their mental health status using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). RESULTS: Shelter users in Vancouver were predominantly a young, male, single mobile population. About half reported a current physical health problem, 44 percent reported use of nonprescribed drugs, and 69 percent reported use of alcohol. Nineteen percent reported a current mental or emotional problem, with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder the most common diagnoses reported. BPRS scores indicated that depression, anxiety, and tension were common problems. CONCLUSIONS: Although the number of individuals with mental illness in the population surveyed was lower than in similar populations in the United States, the presence of mentally ill people in Vancouver shelters suggests that shelters should address mental health issues as well as provide services to ensure residents' basic survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Anxiety and depression levels in rape offenders].

Whether the active subject of rape possesses a particular personality trait is a much debated matter. It is an accepted fact that a small amount of rapists fall into the sadistic diagnostic category. Other psychopatologic traits likely to identify a rapist are, however, unknown. The present study was carried over at a jail near the city of Xalapa (Veracruz) Mexico. Hamilton, IDARE, and Zung scales, in their modified Spanish version were applied to a sample of imprisoned adult rapists. Compared to their control group (men serving sentences for other felonies), rapists scored higher in anxiety, and depression scales. In the light of these results, it is suggested that some rapists are likely to be anxious-depressive subjects that, after having "acquired" a sociopathic repertoire, offend other people in conditions of indefensiveness, contrary to depressive subjects who aggress themselves.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Carbamazepine treatment of agitation in nursing home patients with dementia: a preliminary study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of carbamazepine versus placebo on ratings of behavior in agitated nursing home patients with dementia. DESIGN: Nonrandomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial conducted in 25 patients in two nursing homes. INTERVENTION: Carbamazepine and placebo were administered during two 5-week periods separated by a 2-week washout. The carbamazepine dose was determined for each patient by a nonblinded physician who did not participate in ratings (modal dose 300 mg/day). MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome measures were Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores and Clinical Global Impression of Change, rated by blind observers. Secondary measures of behavior, adversity, cognition, and functional status were also included. MAIN RESULTS: Median total Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale score decreased 7 points on carbamazepine versus 3 on placebo (P = 0.03). Sixteen subjects were rated as improved globally on carbamazepine versus four on placebo (P = 0.001). Secondary measures of behavior showed similar changes at significant or suggestive (P < 0.10) levels. One subject developed carbamazepine-induced tics, and one died with a pneumonia. There was minimal other adversity. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study suggests that carbamazepine in low doses can reduce agitated behaviors in some patients, with limited adversity resulting. Further research is required to confirm and extend this finding before it can be considered routine clinical practice.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Open clinical trial of carbamazepine in chronic schizophrenic inpatients.

14 male chronic schizophrenic patients were treated over 3 months with carbamazepine, mostly as an adjunct to neuroleptics. Psychopathological status was assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. A significant improvement was found in the following categories: excitement (p less than 0.01) and tension (p less than 0.05). But no beneficial effect on the schizophrenic defect could be detected.

Adult↗