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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

The status of psychological testing in clinical psychology: relationships between test use and professional activities and orientations.

A survey of clinical psychologists determined that both objective and projective tests were used with high frequency. The two tests clinicians most frequently recommended clinical students learn to administer were projective (the Rorschach and the TAT) and, among the 10 most frequently recommended tests, projective tests were recommended approximately 30% more often than objective tests. Clinicians who were frequent test users recommended both objective and projective tests more often than those not using tests. Clinicians doing substantial teaching and research tended to recommend projective tests less often than clinicians not engaged in those activities. Behavior therapists recommended projective tests less often than eclectic, Freudian, and neo-Freudian therapists.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Limitations of psychological tests in a dialysis population.

Psychological tests are being used increasingly in dialysis populations, both for psychosomatic research and for clinical evaluations, warranting careful examination of their uses and limitations. Characteristics associated with dialysis populations can limit the validity of many psychological tests which are useful in other populations. These characteristics include such factors as the great biological heterogeneity of dialysis patients, their uniquely dependent relationship to treating staff, and their tendency to respond with socially desirable answers. There is a need to develop psychological tests that are specific for dialysis populations and take into account social desirability response bias. At present, the limitations of psychological tests in a dialysis population are substantial.

Attitude↗
PubMed1979

Psychological tests and borderline patients.

Psychological tests of 32 borderline or nonborderline (psychotic) patients were compared with the structural diagnoses arrived at on the basis of two kinds of clinical-research interviews: The DIB (following Gunderson's criteria) and the structural interview (following Kernberg's criteria). Test results were reported in terms of the diagnosis based on the full test battery, as well as in terms of the structural diagnosis implied by the presence or absence of thinking disturbances on the (structured) WAIS as compared with the (unstructured) Rorschach test. Statistically significant agreement was shown among these four approaches.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neuropsychology and psychological testing: boundaries and proximity (author's transl)].

The psychological testing is briefly described and we present the fields of proximity between neuropsychology and psychometry (psychosurgery and aphasiology. Yet it appears that usefulness of psychometry in neuropsychology is only limited to practical aspects. The main limitation arises from two problems: non-neuropsychological goal of psychometry and non-functional and quantitative studies of behavior. A specific "neuropsychometry" is presented and examples are suggested from studies of italian, soviet (Luria's school) and swiss (Piaget's method) researchers; applications in clinical neuropsychology are discussed. In conclusion, neuropsychology must produce a functional analysis of behavior and conceive this behavior as a reorganisation rather than a deficit or a loss.

Factor Analysis, Statistical↗
PubMed1975

Preoperative psychological tests as predictors of success of chemonucleolysis in the treatment of the low-back syndrome.

Pre-injection psychological test scores, surgeon ratings, and patient biographical data were evaluated as predictors of success of chymopapain injection therapy in 130 patients who would otherwise have been treated by laminectomy. Three psychological tests were administered to each patient: the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the Cornell Medical Index, and the Quick Test (a measure of mental ability). In addition, the surgeons rated their patients on a five-point scale immediately after injection relative to their suitability for injection therapy and at one year relative to the objective and symptomatic results. The MMPI hysteria and hypochondriasis scales and the surgeon's rating of the psychogenic component of the patient's pain were predictive of the result of chemonucleolysis. The patient's biographical data which consisted of age, sex, marital status, occupation, and education were not related to postoperative outcome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative psychologic testing as a predictor of success in knee surgery. A preliminary report.

Preoperative psychologic test scores derived from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) were evaluated as predictors of success after elective knee surgery. The patients were examined 1 to 3 years after surgery and were evaluated in terms of subjective improvement, pain, level of activity, work restrictions, swelling, and strength. Patients that had scored high on the hysteria and hypochondriasis scales of the MMPI showed less improvement after surgery than those patients scoring lower on these scales. The results indicate that personality factors may play an important part in the symptomatic success after elective knee surgery.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1979

Psychological test comparison of day hospital an inpatient treatment.

Tested hypotheses, empirically generated from rating scales, which predicted that patients treated in partial, day hospital settings improve more in intellectual efficiency and social interaction than patients treated in full-time, inpatient settings. Thirty matched pairs of day hospital and inpatient volunteers were administered a group psychological test battery at the beginning of treatment and then 5 weeks later. The day hospital sample differed significantly on 7 of 24 pre- and posttest measures, the inpatient sample on 2. Gains occurred primarily in increased intellectual efficiency and social interaction. Multiple discriminant function analyses yielded no significant pretest differences, but posttest differences approached significance (p less than .06); day hospital patients registered increased Extraversion (Eysenck Personality Inventory).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Suicide risk in view of psychological test results].

The medical case histories of 32 young suicides have been studied the majority of whom has been in contact over the last two years with the East Swiss Infantile and Juvenile Psychiatric Clinic. In evaluating the case, we have relied first and foremost on the interpretation of psychological tests. The question as to whether juvenile suicides differ in any way from juveniles who have merely attempted to kill themselves can be summed up as follows: juveniles who have succeeded in suiciding point clearly and directly to suicide in their tests unlike juveniles who have not succeeded. With these the potential danger must be sought elsewhere, namely in their psychic make-up. We are at present examining the typical features of the tests carried out with suicides and potential suicides.

Adolescent↗