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Results for “Psychological rigidity”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Internet-based acceptance and commitment therapy (iACT) improves professional psychological help-seeking attitudes: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Professional psychological help-seeking attitudes are crucial for addressing mental health challenges, yet the mechanisms underlying their improvement through internet-based interventions remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: This randomized controlled trial aimed to (1) evaluate the efficacy of Internet-based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (iACT) in enhancing professional help-seeking attitudes, and (2) elucidate the longitudinal mediating roles of psychological rigidity and self-stigma. METHODS: A total of 91 male participants (Mean Age&#xa0;=&#xa0;21.09) were randomly assigned to either a 12-day iACT intervention group (n&#xa0;=&#xa0;46) using a self-developed mobile application or a waitlist control group (n&#xa0;=&#xa0;45). Psychological flexibility, rigidity, self-stigma, and help-seeking attitudes were measured at four time points: baseline, mid-intervention (Day 6), post-intervention (Day 12), and 1-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and latent growth modeling. RESULTS: Intention-to-treat analysis revealed the iACT group showed greater improvements in help-seeking attitudes than controls (F (3,87)&#xa0;=&#xa0;5.95, p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), with medium-to-large between-group effects at post-test for reducing psychological rigidity (d&#xa0;=&#xa0;-0.77, 95% CI [-1.19, -0.34]) and self-stigma (d&#xa0;=&#xa0;-0.88, 95% CI [-1.31, -0.45]). Latent growth modeling revealed a sequential mediation effect: the iACT intervention reduced psychological rigidity (&#x3b2;&#xa0;=&#xa0;-0.53, SE&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.12), which in turn reduced self-stigma (&#x3b2;&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.61, SE&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.09) and improved help-seeking attitudes (&#x3b2;&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.47, SE&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.08). CONCLUSION: This study provides the first evidence that a self-guided iACT mobile intervention can effectively enhance professional help-seeking attitudes by reducing psychological rigidity, which in turn alleviates self-stigma. The developed app offers a scalable solution to overcoming stigma-related barriers to mental health care.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Attitudes concerning military duty and personality structures. Clinical, psychometric and projective study of Jehovah wittnesses and conscientious objectors (author's transl)].

Refusal of military duty appearing to be a deviant social attitude, the authors have investigated the relationship between this behaviour and personality. They hypothesize that the rigid attitude of the Jehovah Wittness, refusing military duty and civil service, would be linked to paranoïd structure, and conscientious objectors to border-line states. A triple approach (clinical, Rorschach and aggressivity inventory of Buss and Durkee) was used; representative groups of these two populations were compared to control military recruits. Rorschach protocoles did not differentiate the Jehovah and control group, both being characterized by poor items and retraction. The authors interpret there data by possible absence of motivation in controls, or a rigid psychological organisation, which could be related habits in life and spirit of our societies. For the objectors, these are richer and more open. Five out of twelve appear to have a border-line organisation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[The personality of the teacher as a patient type in psychological diagnosis].

The report concerns the questioning of 200 pedagogues using the questionnaire concerning introversion, neuroticism, rigidity and autonomic instability. All the patients are teachers and pupils in working relationships who were chosen from medical dispensary care with present symptoms of exhaustion and conflicting reactions, and who were transferred to psychological supervision. From the resulting data in the scales investigated, a configuration frequency analysis of the symptoms of introversion, neuroticism, rigidity and autonomic instability is given. Three oft-occurring typical configurations of scale can be found. From this a configuration type (with stikingly rigid behaviour and an otherwise unobtrusive scale constellation) can be interpreted as the "typical tacher" product of lengthy pedagogic activity.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Outcome of Parkinsonism after two years of levodopa plus R04-4602 (author's transl)].

Twenty-one patients suffering from Parkinson disease were treated with L-Dopa together with an extra-cerebral dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor (Ro4-4602) and with triesyphenidyl. Seven assessments of the patient's clinical condition were carried out over a period of two years with a number of neurological and psychometric tests. At the beginning of the second year of treatment, the signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease began to worsen with an increased disability. In the present paper two possibilities are discussed, namely whether the deterioration was the consequence of L-Dopa administration or whether this was simply the outcome of inadequacy of drug treatment during a period of natural worsening of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Experiences with psycho-vegetative tests in the study difficulties of student teachers].

A total of 125 student teachers, who at the time when these investigations were conducted were unable to work or study, respectively, were subjected to the ENR test of Brengelmann/Brengelmann and the VELA test of Fahrenberg. Fifty-six student teachers had to take their names off the books. Their failures were closely correlated with introversion, neuroticism, and vegetative lability. The latter may already be evident from the medical history of the subject and should be sufficient cause for psychological testing in case the student should encounter difficulties in his work. Rigidity is not yet fully developed in the age group to which students normally belong and shows no significant correlation with failure.

Extraversion, Psychological↗
PubMed1976

Psychological implications in temporomandibular pain and dysfunction.

1. Although psychological factors are an important etiological component in producing and perpetuating TMJ disorders a comprehensive view of the problem can be best understood through the concept of multifactorial etiology. 2. Psychological factors operative in TMJ disorders cannot be understood within any single frame of reference. It is appropriate to examine emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal relationships in parallel, not as dichotomous concepts. 3. The symptom complex defined in this review as "TMJ disorders" is the musculoskeletal component of a larger group of microtraumatic signs and symptoms, all of which are manifestations of a generalized injury-producing activity termed dysfunction. 4. More explicit diagnoses need to be identified if definitional problems involving TMJ disorders are to be overcome. 5. Classical psychoanalytic conceptualization of the etiology of TMJ disorders has not been systematically examined, but has been widely accepted and found clinically useful by some therapists. 6. Clinical impressions notwithstanding, there is little evidence to indicate that TMJ disorders are correlated with one specific personality trait. Perhaps more definitive assessments will reveal uniform personality characteristics in subclasses of TMJ patients. 7. Emotional factors (e.g., anxiety, fear, frustration, and anger) play a significant role in the etiology of TMJ disorders, in that they elicit muscular tension and oral habits. Although it would appear unlikely that emotionally induced muscle activity is a "necessary" factor, it is probable that it will be found a "sufficient" cause for TMJ disorders. 8. Learning principles, should not be considered as an alternative etiological position but should be viewed as a framework upon which any psychological theory of etiology must be based. 9. The presence of chronic pain in TMJ patients may be of as much clinical significance in the prognosis as the physical findings associated with the disorder itself. 10. The potential placebo effect resulting from any treatment, coupled with other nonspecific effects of the doctor's attitudes, remains a powerful tool that can be utilized in treating TMJ disorders. A vital ingredient in the placebo effect is the quality of the doctor-patient relationship. 11. Patient evaluation should not only include a) a search for the immediate organic stimulus or biomechanical disturbance, but also b) an assessment of situational or chronic anxiety and other emotional factors and c) an observation of interpersonal styles of behavior commonly associated with the chronically sick patient. 12. Unilateral etiological views of TMJ disorders and rigid treatment approaches need modification. Treatment involving simultaneous dental and psychological approaches appears to have more promise.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1979

A prospective study of the rehabilitation of the above-knee amputee with rigid dressing. Comparison of immediate and delayed ambulation and the role of physical therapists and prosthetists.

Twenty-four above-knee amputees (AKA) treated with rigid plaster dressings were randomized to receive ambulation on pylon within 24 hours of surgery or at time of suture removal. Casts were applied by physical therapists in half of each group, and by a prosthesist in the other half. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups with respect to age, sex, stump length, gait characteristics and wound healing. Time to prescription of final prosthetis was similar in all groups. Specifically, there was no delay in the group ambulated immediately. The immediate ambulators did have significantly greater stump pain requiring more analgesia than the group ambulated after suture removal. Patients with case applied by physical therapists used their prostheses more than patients with cases applied by prosthetists. There was no detectable difference among treatment groups with regard to participation in therapy, acceptance of prosthesis, and psychological status. Recommendation for management of AKA's include: use of rigid dressing; ambulation on pylon after suture removal; utilization of physical therapist for application of rigid dressings and alignment of pylon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Personality of patients with Sudeck's atrophy following tibial fracture.

Patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy are often considered by physicians and allied health personnel as having a peculiar personality. In medical literature they are frequently described as anxious and depressive, emotional, nervous and irritable patients with neurovegetative instability. A review of the literature on psychological research in this field is not always illuminating. Hypochondria and hysteria, whether or not accompanied by depression, are frequently reported to be typical traits, whereas other findings point more in the direction of psychosis. Increased anxiety, emotional lability and lowered self-esteem are psychological entities that are regularly encountered. The present study includes 42 cases of severe reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Except for the 7 cases of Sudeck atrophy of the hand and wrist, the localization was always in the foot or ankle. The majority of patients had a history of fractures or orthopedic procedures on the lower limbs as a causative factor. In addition to an interview, two questionnaires and a projective test (Rorschach) were used in the personality assessment. While the Rorschach test did not reveal any findings that could be considered as typical of our study population, we did observe different frequency distributions for the personality traits "self-satisfaction", "rigidity" and "somatization".

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Prosthetic fitting immediately after below-knee amputation.

Frequently surgical amputation of a lower extremity is required when gangrene develops as a result of peripheral vascular disease. This is particularly true in geriatric patients. A below-knee amputation, with refinements in the surgical procedure, and immediate rigid-cast prosthetic fitting are strongly advocated by our group. The progress of two patients treated in this manner is described. Preservation of the knee joint improves the amputee's prognosis for ambulation with a below-knee prosthesis. The rigid-cast dressing on the below-knee amputation reduces edema and postoperative pain, is of psychologic value to the patient, and permits him to stand at from one to two days postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Organic dementia as a first symptom of infantile Huntington's chorea (author's transl)].

A loss of intellectual capacity at the age of 10 was the first symptom in a case of infantile Huntington's chorea. Subsequently a rigid hypokinetic syndrome occurred only at the age of 20. The dementia syndrome was confirmed in psychological tests. Auxiliary findings such as a diffuse abnornal EEG, as well as a dilatation of the lateral ventricles and an extension of the subarachnoid spaces in the PEG corresponded to a positive diagnosis of Huntington's chorea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Geriatric rigidity and its psychotherapeutic implications.

The elderly tend to be more rigid than younger adults in their attitudes and personalities, and such rigidity is correlated with poor adjustment. However, the rigidity is not the cause of the poor adjustment; rather, it is an attempted solution. One of the patterns of rigidity is an outgrowth of the lifestyle of pessimism, suspicion, self-reliance, self-discipline, determination, and endurance. Two case studies are presented illustrating how rigidity can channel thoughts and prevent the brooding which works itself into depression or anxiety, while simultaneously reinforcing self-help behavior. Geriatric psychotherapy should be problem-centered and should not launch a frontal assault on rigidity or attempt to reconstruct the patient's personality. Behavioral modification, authority, and motivation slogans can be used in conjunction with the rigidity to improve the patient's coping ability.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

Balint, the doctor, and the fear of being unscientific.

The current debate on the contribution of Michael Balint's work to general practice has been initiated by Sowerby's (1977) lengthy critique.Sowerby's arguments, however, depend on one particular definition of science, simplify some complex issues, and have rigid and restrictive qualities. I give some examples to illustrate this.Secondly, Sowerby's definition of the science of psychology leads to an intellectual separatism which Balint sought to reduce. The alternative diagnosis of ;depressive illness' is neither more helpful nor precise.Finally, criticisms of Balint seminars which Sowerby perceives as dangerous are challenged. I argue that Balint's approach in verifying and refuting hypotheses in the face of prospective observations and evidence was truly scientific.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1979

Effect of electromyographic feedback and static stretching on artificially induced muscle soreness.

Thirty-six male subjects aged 18 to 26 years were assigned at random to one of three treatment groups: biofeedback, static stretch, and control. Muscle soreness was produced in all subjects by an 80% maximal eccentric contraction of the biceps brachii. The subjects in the biofeedback group applied auditory electromyographic (EMG) feedback at 6, 25, 30, 49, and 54 hours after the exercise, and the stretch group applied static stretch to the exercised arm at the same time periods. Observations of EMG activity and perceived pain level were made immediately before and after exercise, and at 24, 48, and 72 hours following exercise. When compared with a control group, both auditory biofeedback and static stretching significantly reduced EMG muscle activity but had no significant effect on perceived pain. The EMG activity and perceived pain of the subjects in each treatment group significantly differed across observations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship between language and disease concepts.

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, well-known in anthropological linguistics, postulates that language may not only describe the world we inhabit but also mould the way we experience it. This paper argues that an individual's language may similarly determine his conception of disease. Possible relationships between linguistic features and disease concepts are cited for the Eskimo, the Navaho, and the Chines, and it is suggested that, in European languages, the extensive use of spatial metaphors to express abstract concepts may encourage a more rigid categorization of disease and inhibit the ability to conceive of multiple factors in disease causation. The use of nouns rather than verbs to express the idea of illness could lead to a static view of disease and tends to separate illnesses as distinct entities rather than defining them as aspects of bodily functioning. The bipolar structure of Indo-European languages, setting subject against predicate and noun against verb, may play a part in the persistence of the mind-body dichotomy and restrict the holistic perception of man with nature. These linguistic features, in leading to a conception of disease as a rigidly defined, unchanging, unicausal thing, may encourage an over-use of surgery and lead to difficulty in perceiving social and psychological factors in disease.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗