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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Study of the action of sultopride on psychomotor agitation. Apropos of 31 cases].

A study of sultopride, a new derivative of the substituted anisamides, has shown that this neuroleptic drug reduces markedly and rapidly psychomotor agitation, especially its aggressive component. It also has an action on hallucinations. Its indications, in order of efficacy, are states of acute agitation, psychotic states during the active phase, acute manifestations of alcoholism and behaviour disorders such as expansivity, impulsivity and agressivity. Its tolerance is good considering its strong activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effect of lithium on neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia compared with placebo in a double-blind cross-over trial.

15 hospitalized patients suffering from neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesias participated in a double-blind cross-over study of lithium sulphate and placebo. Each drug was given for 3 weeks. The results were evaluated by means of the video-tape technique. Lithium sulphate induced a slight, but significant reduction in the tardive dyskinesia. Lithium had, in addition, a suppressive effect on psychomotor agitation and aggression. The concentrations of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were determined in the cerebro-spinal fluid from five patients. It is concluded that lithium can be used with advantage in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia with only moderate intensity, particularly when the movement disturbances are accompanied by psychomotor restlessness. Finally, the effect of lithium on the central aminergic transmitter substances is discussed in relation to the existing hypotheses on the pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

L-tryptophan administration in L-dopa-induced hallucinations in elderly Parkinsonian patients.

L-tryptophan (L-T) was added at a dose of 150-450 mg daily to eight Parkinsonian patients who developed visual hallucinations with paranoidal features under L-dopa (L-D) treatment (112.5-75 mg daily) in combination with alpha-methyldopa hydrazine (12.5-75 mg daily). In six patients L-T ameliorated the symptomatology by arresting the visual paranoidal hallucinations or diminishing their frequency and relieving the psychomotor agitation. As a 'side effect', L-T produced new 'pleasurable', 'LSD-like' visual images in three patients. In two patients, in whom L-T did not affect the mental disturbances, amelioration was obtained only by phenothiazines. Theoretical considerations on the role of dopamine in the genesis of visual hallucinations and mental disturbances emphasizes the benefit of L-T administration in this 'organomental' syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[High doses of fentanyl as the sole anaesthetic agent and naloxone as its antagonist (author's transl)].

In 70 patients (maxillo-facial-, neurosurgical-, abdominal- and gynaecological operations) the technique of "analgetic anaesthesia" using high doses of fentanyl (0.025 mg/kg body weight) and naloxone as its antagonist (0.02 mg/kg body weight) has been employed. All patients were artificially ventilated with N2O/O2 in a 3:1 ratio. Muscle relaxation was achieved with pancuronium-bromide (0.08 mg/kg). The patients had no apparent heart or lung disease. The youngest patient was 4 years of age, the oldest 82 years of age (average age 48.9). The necessity for a reinjection of fentanyl (half the initial dose) was determined by continously monitoring heart rate. This variable appeared to be the most subtle index indicating a reduction in analgesia. Sufficient analgesia was maintained once the heart rate stayed 20% below preanaesthetic levels. At the end of the operation naloxone reversed the respiratory depression. There was no evidence indicating postoperative pain, which may have required administration of additional analgesics. If deep analgesia was maintained up to the last surgical procedures no emesis appeared in the post operative period. The incidence of emesis was higher 10% compared to the classical neuroleptanalgesia with droperidol this was often noted in cases where blood accumulated in the stomach (maxillo-facial operations) (70%). In 3% of all cases psychomotor agitation with delirium appeared right after the injection of naloxone. This lasted for about 15 minutes. We suspect that due to the sudden and powerful effect of naxolone, in replacing fentanyl from its receptor site, acute withdrawal symptoms may be precipitated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Neurological status and psychomotor development of children with phenylketonuria treated early].

Low phenylalanine diet treatment in children with phenylketonuria (PKU) started sufficiently early prevents mental retardation. But the question whether the treatment prevents all c n s damage is still open. This problem was evaluated on the basis of longitudinal neurological and psychological studies of 118 PKU children in whom treatment was started before the 6-th week of life. As a comparative group 90 children with untreated or late treated PKU were investigated. A detailed analysis of the results was carried out investigating each case in relation to the precision of dietary restrictions and the duration of treatment. The incidence and type of abnormal findings were compared with the abnormalities found in children with untreated or late treated PKU and with the incidence in the total child population. In 78 children (66,1%) there were no abnormalities in the neurological status and mental development was normal except for some retardation in the visual-motor maturation. In 35 children (29,7%) signs of hyperkinetic syndrome were present in 5 (4,2%) there was both mental retardation and signs of hyperkinetic syndrome. In the comparative group all 90 children had severe neurological abnormalities and mental retardation. The obtained results confirm that the essential effect of the diet on the development of PKU patients is during the first year of life. In order to obtain optimal results however, it is necessary to continue the diet for a sufficiently long period. But in spite of following the prescribed treatment in PKU children it is not always possible to prevent minimal c n s damage.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of female schizophrenic patients with bromperidol, a new neuroleptic drug of the butyrophenone group with medium duration of action.

Bromperidol has a safe antipsychotic effect. The latency is short, the effect is definite on the seventh treatment day and is already seen in particular symptoms on the third treatment day. Beside the antipsychotic effect, the substance has slight sedative properties, an anxiolytic effect and an evident influence on the complex phenomenon of social re-integration. The sedative effect is not sufficient in severe psychomotor agitation; here it is necessary to combine it with a sedative neuroleptic or other sedating substance. The clinical effect is safe for 24 hours. Due to the small doses (3-12 mg daily), bromperidol belongs to the neuroleptics of high potency. The high potency, the 24 hour efficiency and the low sedation qualify the substance for the long-term treatment of schizophrenic psychoses. Extrapyramidal effects occur in relation to the high potency and are easily corrected by an anticholinergic drug.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect od amygdalectomy on memory and learning in patients treated surgically for epilepsy].

The results of neuropsychological investigations of 40 patients with severe epilepsy and behaviour disturbances treated by stereotactic methods are presented. In all cases memory disturbances were found before the operation, in 45% of the cases mental sluggishness was present. After amygdalotomy, together with a reduction of emotional tension and psychomotor agitation, the range of direct memory extended and difficulties in learning verbal material decreased. In some patients a tendency was observed also for a rise in intelligence quotient.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The treatment with tiparide of the agitation and aggressivity of oligophrenic patients (author's transl)].

Tiapride, which is an original medication for the treatment of agitation and psychomotor excitation, was studied in mentally retarded patients; 9 severe and 3 moderate, suffering from bouts of agitation and excitation and aged from 18 to 40 years. The dosage was 4 ampoules (400 mg) daily by IM injection in acute agitation (2 cases), 6 tablets (600 mg) daily in moderately severe cases, and 4 tablets (400 mg) daily in milder cases (4). Very good results were obtained in 3 patients, and good results in 6 others, while no effect was noted in 3 patients (in spite of a reduction in dosage of the other medications). Tolerance was excellent in all cases. Tiapride should fill the therapeutic gap which exists today in the treatment of the agitation and aggressivity of oligophrenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Tricyclic antidepressants: therapeutic properties and affinity for alpha-noradrenergic receptor binding sites in the brain.

Tricyclic antidepressants vary in their capacity to cause psychomotor activation, to relieve agitated depressive states, and to cause sedation and hypotension. We have quantified relative potencies of tricyclic antidepressants in competing for the binding of 3H-labeled WB-4101 to alpha-noradrenergic receptor sites in rat brain membranes. Affinities of tricyclic drugs for alpha-noradrenergic receptor sites in the brain correlate well with the capacity of these agents to relieve psychomotor agitation and to induce sedation and hypotension; these affinities also correlate inversely with tendencies to elicit psychomotor activation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Phenomenology and psychopathology of agitation states].

States of agitation are frequent psychiatric emergency cases, which stem from very different biological, psychic and social constellations. Very often it is a question of a slipping expression of strong affects like fear, anger, pain and of excessive, reactive performances like flight, defence etc., which are built on top of the affects. Inner restlessness, which rises from unrestrained and disfigured drives, and the accompanying autonomic reactions of the affects promote the beginning of these states of agitation; whereas sensible expectations and clearly aimed absorptions of the drive do reduce the disposition to becoming agitated.

Drive↗
PubMed1979

Three cases of unipolar delusional depression responsive to L-dopa.

We reported three cases of unipolar delusional depression which took a characteristic two-stage clinical course. Anxiety and agitation with persecutory delusions predominated the picture at first, but they were soon replaced by severe psychomotor retardation or stupor associated with delusions of poverty and guilt. The administration of L-Dopa in the latter stage brought about a rapid improvement both in mood and psychomotor activity. We considered these cases in the light of the recent biochemical studies on affective psychosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Tranylcypromine (Parnate)--a study of 1000 patients with severe agitated depressions.

This is a study of 1000 patients with severe agitated depressions who were treated with tranylcypromine on an ambulatory basis during a period of 13 years. It was administered in combination with tranquilizers, usually trifluoperazine. Tranylcypromine is a safe, rapidly acting, very effective antidepressant and appears to be the drug of choice in patients with agitated depressions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Cognitive and affective responses to lithium in patients with organic brain syndrome.

The authors describe a series of patients with organic brain syndrome who showed a dramatic clinical response to lithium carbonate therapy. None of the patients had been diagnosed as manic-depressive. Most had extensive psychiatric treatment experiences and had been given both affective and cognitive diagnoses. Six of the eight patients also qualified for the diagnosis of alcoholism. They had been treated with a wide variety of psychotherapeutic medications. Lithium was found to be rapidly and dramatically effective in patients with static lesions of the central nervous system who showed a combination of dementia and agitated depression.

Affect↗