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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

A Novel piRNA-Mediated Epigenetic Axis: piR-36241 Exacerbates Pulpitis by Silencing the Protective Receptor ADGRG2 in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

BACKGROUND: Pulpitis, a prevalent inflammatory dental disease, primarily results from bacterial infection, yet its epigenetic regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs known to maintain genomic stability, have not been investigated in the context of pulpitis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to profile piRNA expression patterns in pulpitis and to elucidate the functional role and underlying mechanism of a specific piRNA, piR-36241 and its target gene ADGRG2 in disease progression. METHODS: piRNA and mRNA sequencing were performed on pulp tissues from patients with irreversible pulpitis and healthy controls. Potential piRNA targets were predicted bioinformatically. The interaction between piR-36241 and the 3'UTR of ADGRG2, an orphan adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), was validated using dual-luciferase reporter assay, quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Western blot (WB), hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Functional analyses were conducted in LPS-stimulated human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) through gain-of-function and rescue experiments. RESULTS: We identified a distinct piRNA expression profile in pulpitis, with 21 piRNAs differentially expressed. piR-36241 was notably upregulated. It directly targeted the 3'UTR of ADGRG2 and suppressed its expression. ADGRG2, hypothesised to exert protective and homeostatic functions, was downregulated in pulpitis tissues and LPS-induced HDPCs. Overexpression of piR-36241 inhibited ADGRG2 expression and promoted the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8). Conversely, knockdown of ADGRG2 similarly enhanced inflammatory responses. Rescue experiments demonstrated that piR-36241 primarily regulates inflammation through ADGRG2 silencing. CONCLUSION: Our study reveals a novel pathogenic axis in pulpitis whereby upregulation of piR-36241 exacerbates inflammatory progression by repressing the protective receptor ADGRG2. These findings provide the first evidence of piRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation in pulpitis and highlight the piR-36241/ADGRG2 pathway as a potential therapeutic target for preserving pulp vitality.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[Experimental allergic pulpitis in rabbits].

Ten male, albino rabbits, weighing about 2,5 kg, were sensitized with 0.05% of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) in complete Freund's adjuvant. Ten controls received the complete Freund's adjuvant only. Fourteen days later, the animals were submitted to a dental test. The four incisor pulps were exposed under general anesthesia. A sterile cotton pellet with 10-(-4) mg of DNCB was sealed inside the cavity. A skin test was also performed with 0.1% DNCB. The operative trauma was evaluated on five additional control animals. Twenty four hours after the challenge, the animals were killed and their teeth were studied histologically. Three different pulpitis were observed: 1) in animals without DNCB, a traumatic pulpitis with a mild focal necrosis and serous infiltrate; 2) a toxic pulpitis induced by the DNCB in the controls. They were killed and their teeth were studied histologically. Three different kinds of pulpitis induced in sensitized animals. A considerable necrosis is present close to the pulp exposure. This pulpitis is characterized by a marked serous exudate and by an accumulation of lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages, either perivascularly or in the pulpal mesenchyme. A modification of the present classification of pulpitis is proposed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Study on the diagnosis of the deciduous tooth pulpitis by the blood picture in the dental pulp].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the method of diagnosis of deciduous tooth pulpitis to make sure of the extent of the inflammation for more appropriate pulp therapy. The subjects were 100 decayed deciduous teeth of the 81 normal healthy children aged from 2y9m to 11y2m, which justified the vital pulp amputation therapy according to Nagasaka's deciduous tooth pulpitis diagnosis criteria. The blood picture was compared with the histological structure of the coronal pulp and then observed after treatment. The diagnosis of the deciduous tooth pulpitis was considered by the blood picture in the dental pulp. The results were as follows. 1. As to the blood picture in the deciduous dental pulp, it was suggested that the lymphocyte ratio was able to be taken for the discrimination of the deciduous tooth pulpitis, because ratio of lymphocyte in the coronal pulp was higher than its normal values in the peripheral blood picture regardless of the age. 2. As to the histological structure of the removed coronal pulp, the inflammatory degree was divided into 4 types; (-) no evidence of inflammation, (+) slightly confined infiltration of the inflammatory cells, (++) slightly or moderately diffused infiltration, ( ) severely diffused infiltration, when the numbers of the case at each degree type were (-) 0, (+) 37, (++) 47 and ( ) 16 cases. 3. As to the ratio of the lymphocyte ratio over 60% against all at each degree type, (+) 86.5% and (++) 61.7% were much higher than ( ) 0%. 4. The ratio of cases in which it was difficult to control bleeding at ratios of the coronal pulp amputations were type (+) 32.4% and (++) 25.5% in type, however, type ( ) showed high rate (62.5%). 5. As a result of the clinical and X-ray examination after vital pulp amputation therapy, the number of poor case was 12 of 42 cases (28.6%) in type (+) (++) and 4 of 4 cases (100%) in type ( ). 6. This result suggests that the vital pulp amputation therapy is not adequate when it is hard to control bleeding and the lymphocyte ratio of blood picture in the coronal pulp shows under 57%.

Child↗
PubMed1977

The effect of a proteolytic enzyem mixture (Orenzyme-Forte) on experimentally induced pulpitis.

A proteolytic enzyme mixture, Orenzyme-Forte, containing trypsin, chymotrypsin, and ribonuclease was used to treat experimentally induced pulpitis in the teeth of three monkeys. Assessment by means of the criteria of Stanley showed that the enzyme mixture induced better healing than a zinc oxide--eugenol dressing. When the two were used simultaneously, a synergistic effect was seen. We suggest that this enzyme mixture may be useful in clinical practice in the treatment of pulpitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Postoperative pain incidence related to the type of emergency treatment of symptomatic pulpitis.

Some endodontic emergencies occur as a result of attempts to relieve symptoms of pulpitis. The aim of this study was to identify any predictor of postoperative pain in a patient population treated by dental students. Patients who reported for treatment of symptomatic pulpitis were subjected to three different emergency treatment regimens. Clinical data was collected on those patients who reported in the emergency service with severe postoperative pain within 24 hours of emergency endodontic treatment. Statistical analysis of these data suggested that the type of endodontic emergency procedure carried out was a significant predictor of severe postoperative pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Pulp reactions to silicate cement in teeth with healing pulpitis.

Unlined silicate restorations were placed in intact and experimentally altered monkey, teeth. Pulpitis had been induced experimentally by sealing soft carious human dentin in Class V cavities with amalgam for 7 d. These fillings were then removed and healing allowed by inserting zinc oxide/eugenol cement. A protective effect of the secondary dentin in teeth with healing pulpitis could be demonstrated in short-term experiments. After a 1-month observation period no difference in response to silicate cement could be found between intact and experimentally altered pulps, both groups exhibiting no or slight pulp reactions and secondary dentin formations.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Pulpotomy of primary molars with coronal or total pulpitis using formocresol technique.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether formocresol can be used successfully in teeth with carious exposure and a vital pulp with clinical symptoms of chronic pulpitis. Further, the study concerned the influence on the success rate of the vehicle for formocresol. Pulpotomies were performed on 81 primary molars. Radiographic and other clinical symptoms were used to divide the material into a coronal chronic and a total chronic pulpitis group. Chosen by lot, zinc oxide-eugenol or Pharmatec (a plaster-like non-eugenol cement) was used as the vehicle for formocresol. After an observation period of 2.5 years the success rate for the whole material was 55%. No statistically significant difference in the rate of success could be demonstrated either between the two diagnostic groups or between the two vehicle groups.

Bandages↗
PubMed1991

[Pulpitis chronica clausa, diagnosis and therapy].

Resulting from clinical observation the relations between acute and chronical pulpitis and pulpitis chronica clausa, regressive metamorphoses and pulpal biomorphose are examined by histological findings and the literature. The etiological, nosological and pathohistological differentiation of this process is discussed. With the rising up of endodontological therapy needs into the middle and higher age the chronical inflammatorical and biomorphological events are more important. Proposals for diagnostics, differentiation and in the role wainting up instead of a early therapy are made.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Induction of autoallergic pulpitis in rabbit (author's transl)].

Six male rabbits were injected on days 0, 6 and 12, subcutaneously, intraperitoneally and subcutaneously with 0.5 ml/kg of a 20% suspension of homologous dental pulp, in complete Freund's adjuvant. Six controls received complete Freund's adjuvant only. Leukocytes were counted regularly. A skin test was performed on day 18. On day 22, a dental test was performed to study the macrophage migration inhibition "in vivo". On day 23, the animals were killed, the teeth and skin were analysed histologically. The following results were observed in the experimental group: 1) inhibition of growth, 2) leukocytosis and eosinophilia, 3) a positive skin test with a strong lymphocytic infiltration, 4) an inhibition of "macrophage migration", 5) pulpal lesions, numbering 1 to 6 per rabbit, with lymphocytic plasmocytic and eosinophilic perivascular infiltration. These results indicate an experimental auto-allergic pulpitis. The mechanisms of human pulpitis ought to be reexamined in the light of these observations.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Evaluation of methacrylic resin-modified calcium silicate cements for pulpal healing using an experimental pulpitis model.

Recently, vital pulp treatment (VPT), including direct pulp capping, which preserves pulp vitality and extends the functional lifespan of teeth, has garnered significant attention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of calcium silicate cement, the gold standard for VPT, alongside hydraulic calcium silicate cement (Pro-MTA), a material with extensive evidence of effectiveness, Bis-GMA resin-modified calcium silicate cement (TH), and a newly developed material, methacrylate resin-modified calcium silicate cement (RM-MTA), in a model of pulpitis induced by caries progression. Additionally, the calcium ion (Ca2+) release capacity of these materials and their comprehensive effects on pulpal wound healing were assessed using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). In both sound pulp models and caries-induced pulpitis models, RM-MTA and Pro-MTA exhibited similar performances. Unlike TH, they induced significant tertiary dentin formation within the dental pulp beneath the material, without any residual inflammatory cells. Inflammation was specifically assessed with a focus on M1/M2 macrophages. While the timing of Ca2+ ion release differed among the materials, the total amount released was comparable, although the release of calcium ions (Ca2+) from TH was significantly lower compared to that observed for the above materials. Moreover, comprehensive genetic analysis revealed that the expression of cell proliferation-related genes was selectively reduced in TH, suggesting that differences in resin composition may account for these variations in behavior. These findings suggest that RM-MTA induces tertiary dentin and demonstrates biocompatibility comparable to that of Pro-MTA. This makes it suitable for the treatment of both sound and mildly inflamed pulp tissues. Additionally, its resin properties are expected to enhance both mechanical performance and clinical handling.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Microbiological studies of carious dentine from human teeth with irreversible pulpitis.

Aerobic and anaerobic cultures were made from 29 extracted teeth with irreversible pulpitis to identify the predominant flora in different parts of deep carious lesions. Most isolates were Gram-positive rods, in which lactobacilli were the most frequent organisms, then other Gram-positive, non-branching rods. Gram-positive cocci were the next most common; only a low number of Streptococcus mutans was recovered. Two types of carious lesions were found, one with high numbers of lactobacilli, the other with low. In the 15 lesions with high numbers, lactobacilli constituted 91.9% of the total flora at the pulpal site and gradually decreased in number as the sampling moved away from the pulp. Strep. mutans and alpha-haemolytic streptococci were not recovered from pulpal or deep carious sites in this group. In the 14 lesions with low numbers of lactobacilli, the flora was diverse. Gram-positive cocci, anaerobic Gram-positive non-branching rods, branching rods and/or Bacteroides were the main isolates in a few of this group.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1976

Effect of composite resin restorations in monkeys teeth with experimentally induced pulpitis.

The short- and long-term pulpal reactions to composite resin restorations using differenct cavity lining materials have been assessed in monkey teeth with experimentally induced pulpitis. The inflammation was induced by filling cavities with soft human carious dentin and amalgam for 1 week. Healing of the inflammation and formation of reparative dentin was generally found independent of the lining materials used. The long-term response to cavities restored with carious dentin and amalgam was also healing of the primarily induced pulpal inflammation in most instances.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Agreement between clinical and histologic findings in chronic coronal pulpitis in primary teeth.

Pulpotomy, a common endodontic procedure in primary teeth, is usually performed because of carious exposure of the pulp, which means that at least a part of the pulp is chronically inflamed. A favorable outcome of pulpotomy combined with the use of calcium hydroxide presupposes that the root pulp is healthy. No wound dressing is known to induce healing of chronically inflamed pulp tissue. 37 primary teeth with no clinical or radiographic symptoms of total chronic pulpitis were extracted and the pulp was studied histologically by light microscopy. The histologic diagnosis of a healthy root pulp was based on absence of any infiltration of mononuclear lymphocytes. Agreement between the clinical and histologic diagnosis was found in 30 out of 37 teeth.

Child↗
PubMed1992

[Coincidence of uveitis, dental pulpitis and gingivitis].

The coincidence of uveitis, dental pulpitis and gingivitis is reported. The patients were 2 women, 21 and 50 years old, respectively, and a man aged 36. All were cured by systemic antibiotic treatment. As uveitis is often found in otherwise healthy patients with no apparent focus of infection, it has been suggested that such a focus might be of dental origin. In a tooth abscess the seat of infection in the bone tissue is subject to pressure and irritation from chewing. This can cause bacteria from infected root canals to be pumped into the blood stream and lymphatics. The causes we describe demonstrate the importance of systemic, wide-spectrum antibiotic treatment in such cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Class II antigen expressing cells in experimentally induced pulpitis.

This study reports on the occurrence of class II antigen expressing cells in inflammatory lesions experimentally induced in the rat incisor pulp. Concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide of Bacteroides gingivalis were applied to the exposed pulp following a preparation through alveolar bone and dental tissues in the midpart of the root. In a set of control teeth, pulpal exposures were capped with Cavit without the placement of antigenic material. Animals were killed after 3, 12, 24, 48 or 96 hours. Pulp tissue specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis utilizing a monoclonal mouse anti-rat class II antigen antibody. Semi-quantitative assessment of positively stained cells was carried out under the light microscope. Significantly more class II antigen expressing cells were identified in the challenged pulps than in the controls at all experimental periods. The increase in cells peaked at 48 hours to taper off at the subsequent 96-hour observation. The rapid and intense influx of class II antigen expressing cells suggests that these cells are associated with the initial defence of the dental pulp.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Experimental pulpitis in immunized monkeys.

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was topically applied to exposed dentin to assess whether inflammatory reactions can be induced in the pulp of monkeys immunized against BSA. Four cynomolgus monkeys received repeated injections of BSA emulsified with Freund's incomplete adjuvant. Pulp challenge was performed by applying BSA in freshly cut dentin cavities prepared on the buccal surface in 34 teeth. In 29 control teeth ovalbumin (OVA) was applied. Control applications of BSA were also performed in 15 teeth prepared in three nonimmunized monkeys. Forty-eight hours after the initiation of the pulp challenge the monkeys were sacrificed and the pulp tissue examined in the light microscope. Topical application of BSA to freshly exosed dentin in immunized monkeys resulted in severe inflammatory lesions in the pulp, characterized by bleeding and extravascular infiltration of large numbers of leukocytes. Extensive tissue damage was an important feature in several pulps. Identical applications of OVA in control teeth and BSA applications in nonimmunized monkeys produced no such reactions. The results indicate that interactions between antigens and antibodies can occur within the dentin-pulp area and following the formation of immune-complexes, severe injury to the pulp can be induced.

Administration, Topical↗