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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Population structure and dynamics of the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (Acarina: Pyroglyphidae) in Czechoslovakia.

The relationship between the room microclimate and population dynamics of the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes, 1961 was studied. A distinct increase of the mite population density in mattresses was observed only in the period, when the monthly means of relative air humidity in rooms were higher than 47-50%, denominated by the author as critical air humidity. This is a considerably lower value than that relevant to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Trouessart, 1897) from the paper by Bronswijk et al. (1971) (critical air humidity 60-65%). The climatic humidity affecting the room microclimate is consequently the main reason why one species or another is predominant under different geographical conditions. From October till May the D. farinae population is primarily composed of protonymphs, in the period of maximum population density (May-October) the presence of adults is predominant. Protonymphs are considered to be least resistant to the humidity decrease in their environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Allergogenous mites (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) in private recreation houses.

The bed fauna of periodically inhabited dwellings markedly differs from the bed fauna in town apartments, both in quantity--a higher number of mites and quality--an important dominance of the species Euroglyphus maynei which makes up 70.4% of mites in country cottages, but only 28% in town apratments used by the owners of such recreation houses. In other apartments it is very rare. There differences are explained by the specific regime of humidity and temperature in the periodically inhabited rooms. The patients' worsening condition is apparently caused by quantitative changes.

Allergens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acarofauna of house dust in Barcelona and surrounding cities].

The study of the house-dust acarofauna has aroused great interest since Voorhorst and colls. (41), in 1964, showed the continual presence of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in this habitat; and considered by these authors to be mainly responsible for the allergenic capacity of housedust. Studies carried out by other authors around the world confirm the universal character of this acarus and its prevailing presence in house-dust biocenosis. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is usually accompanied with other species of the same Pyroglyphidae family (see table II and III), and by species belonging to other acarian families and groups (table I). In this work 182 house-dust samples have been analyzed; these samples were collected in Barcelona and its surrounding. All have been found to be positive to acari. Samples of 5 g of house-dust were used for the study. The number of acari present in each sample showed a great variation both in relation to the total of acari present and to the number of isolated Pyroglyphidae (table VII and VIII). Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus appeared to be the prevailing species, found in 175 of the 182 samples examined and representing 39.70% of the total population of the acari collected. Other Pyroglyphidae isolated were D. farinae (95 samples), Euroglyphus maynei (75 samples), D. microceras (19 samples), D. passericola (1 sample) and Malayoglyphus carmelitus (1 sample) (table VI). The frequency and density in which other species of acari appeared in house-dust samples studied are shown in table VII. If we compare our results with those obtained by others (1, 7, 11, 21, 23, 26, 28, 29, 38) we see a great difference according to the frequency of acarian infestation in house-dust. We think that the causes of this variation are the diverse methods and techniques employed in the isolation and enumeration of acari. The low infestation percentages given by some authors could be due to the following: a) a study of insufficient amounts of house-dust samples; b) the lack of a method used for processing the samples; c) the interaction of both factors. The discovery of three single D. passericola specimens found in one sample lets us assume that the pressence of this acarus in house-dust has been sporadic. We think it could originate from birds' feathers or nests. Despite the very high number of Tarsonemus sp. collected (37.17% of the acari total) the representative of this species is actually very low, since almost all of them were found in two different samples taken from the same house.

Acari↗
PubMed1979

Dust mites. A 1-year study.

Mattress dust was collected by out-patients attending hospital for respiratory allergic problems. The dust mites were counted in "pool" samples of 100 mg. Each sample represented a single month's collection. The mites were classified according to family: Pyroglyphidae and Cheyletidae. Those not belonging to either of these two families were classified as "other mites". Temperature and humidity during the period of the study showed no correlations with the number of mites. There was a statistically significant correlation between the various mite groups.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Mites in house dust in the Stockholm area.

Today there is no doubt that mites (and especially species within the Pyroglyphidae family: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae) are an important agent in dust allergies. The author reports on a study of the occurrence of mites in house dust in the environment of allergic persons in the Stockholm area. 201 private homes, 13 farmers' houses and two hospitals have been studied. In 12% of the homes several different types of mite were found in dust in relatively small numbers, while pyroglyphids occurred in only 1.5% of the dwellings. The frequency of mites in dust from farmers' homes was three times higher and that of pyroglyphids ten times higher than in other dwellings. Mites were most often found in floor dust and very infrequently in bed dust. All hospital beds were free from mites; in floor-dust samples from a hospital for long-term therapy several species of mite were found. The author draws the conclusion that the conditions of climate and humidity within the geographical area studied are adverse to the development of an allergologically significant mite population in indoor dust, but that small numbers may spread from potted plants, work premises and outdoor flora.

Allergens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Factors affecting the qualitative and quantitative composition of the acari fauna of house dust. III. Seasons].

The seasonal variations in the number of mites present in the house dust of six homes in Barcelona were studied. The samples were taken at monthly intervals between September 1972 and January 1974. Tables I and II show the total number of mites and the number of Pyroglyphidae present in each of the samples. Table III shows the monthly average of the atmospheric temperature and relative humidity (R.H.). Graphing the average of mites present in the monthly samples and comparing them to the graph of the atmospheric R.H. an almost perfect correlation of the atmospheric R.H. with the number of mites was observed (Graph 1). The statistical analysis of the results shows the existence of a highly significant correlation (alpha less than 0.001) between the average of the atmospheric R.H. of a given month and the decimal logarithm of the number of mites present in the house dust the following month (Tables IV and V; Graphs 4 and 5). The following results can be pointed out: a) The quality of mites in the house dust of Barcelona changes considerably during the year. b) The quantity is greatest during spring and autumn. c) The annual variation differs from year to year. In conclusion, it is shown that the seasonal variations in the quantity of mites present in the house dust of Barcelona are proportional to the variations in atmospheric R.H.

Acari↗
PubMed2026

Prophylactic Inhaled Pattern Recognition Receptor Agonists Reprogram Lung Epithelial Response and Prevent Type 2 Allergic Inflammation.

Prophylactic inhalation of the synergistic agents ODN M362 and Pam2CSK4 ("Pam2ODN") protects mice against allergic lung disease, including allergic inflammation caused by house dust mite (HDM). By preventing sensitization, Pam2ODN reduces HDM-induced eosinophilic and lymphocytic inflammation. How Pam2ODN affects interactions among lung epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and T cells to prevent eosinophilic lung inflammation remains unclear. In the present study, we show that a single inhaled dose of Pam2ODN before HDM sensitization reduces airway Th2 polarization without affecting Th1 or Treg responses. Furthermore, Pam2ODN pretreatment inhibits the recruitment of lung monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) and conventional Type 2 dendritic cells (DC2s), while preventing the HDM-induced decrease in conventional Type 1 dendritic cells (DC1s). Bulk RNA-seq of the whole lung reveals that Pam2ODN pretreatment restricts the expression of proinflammatory transcripts induced by HDM sensitization. This tolerogenic effect is also reflected at the single-cell level in lung epithelial cells, where proinflammatory transcripts, pathways, and chromatin accessibility are inhibited. These results indicate that Pam2ODN reprograms lung epithelial cells to attenuate allergen-induced Th2-promoting cytokines and DCs while maintaining the population of protective DC1s. These findings suggest a strategy to mitigate chronic allergic lung diseases.

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PubMed2025

Modulation of Mettl5 alleviates airway allergy by regulating the epigenetic profile of M2 macrophages.

M2 macrophages (M2 cells) are known to be involved in both Th2 responses and immune regulation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Functional abnormalities in macrophages are associated with airway allergy (AA). The objective of this study was to investigate the role of methyltransferase-like 5 (Mettl5) in macrophages and its potential to alleviate AA. In this study, an airway allergy (AA) mouse model was established using dust mite extracts (DME) as the specific antigen. M2 cells were collected from mice with and without AA. The role of Mettl5 in modulating the immune activities of M2 cells was assessed using both epigenetic and immunological approaches. We found that Mettl5 levels were elevated in airway M2 cells from mice with AA. The presence of Mettl5 in airway M2 cells was positively correlated with airway Th2 polarization in these mice. Airway M2 cells from AA mice exhibited impaired immune-suppressive function, which was resolved by ablating the Mettl5 gene in macrophages. Mettl5 was responsible for the hypermethylation of the Il10 promoter in airway M2 cells of AA mice. Exposure to DME induced Mettl5, which in turn recruited USP21 to deubiquitinate GATA3, thereby boosting IL-4 expression in M2 cells. Inhibiting Mettl5 restored the immune-suppressive capacity of airway M2 cells and mitigated experimental AA. In conclusion, Mettl5 plays a critical role in subverting the immune-regulatory capacity and enhancing IL-4 expression in M2 cells. Inhibition of Mettl5 can mitigate experimental AA by restoring the immune-regulatory functions of M2 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Sex-dependent influence of LMAN1 on allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness.

Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by a type 2-high adaptive immune response towards common aeroantigens such as dust mite, pollen, and animal dander. Despite the advances made toward translation of various biologics into the clinic, the limited efficacy of these therapies in certain populations, combined with the ineligibility of some patients for treatment (clinically or economically), have led to the continued need for the development of more widely effective allergic asthma therapies. Our lab previously identified lectin mannose-binding 1 (LMAN1) as a novel receptor for house dust mite (HDM) and showed that in vitro, LMAN1 downregulated inflammatory NF-κB signaling in DCs in response to HDM. In this follow-up work, we investigated the in vivo relevance of LMAN1 by subjecting LMAN1 knockout (KO) mice and wild type (WT) littermate controls to a model of HDM-induced allergic asthma. Surprisingly, we discovered that loss of LMAN1 led to opposing effects on airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), which were dependent on the sex of the mice. HDM-treated female LMAN1 KO mice showed increased AHR, while HDM-treated male KO mice showed decreased AHR, compared with their WT counterparts. We further identified the features of HDM-induced asthma which may account for the gender-biased effects of LMAN1 on lung function. This work not only highlights the complexity of the loss of LMAN1 in vivo but also suggests that such sex-dependent responses should be taken into consideration when pursuing LMAN1 as a therapeutic target for treatment of allergic asthma.

Animals↗