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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical characteristics of radiation sickness with radiation exposure of different parts of the human body].

The clinical picture of radiation sickness of 139 radiological patients exposed to local irradiation of the head, chest and stomach with efficient doses of 210 rad was examined. It was found that at fractionated local irradiations the clinical symptom-complex of radiation sickness was identical to that seen as a result of total-body irradiation. During head irradiation the major symptom was headache and during stomach irradiation nausea. The severity level of radiation damage measured with respect to the clinical symptom-complex as a whole with the aid of the bioinformation model was similar during irradiations of the head and stomach much higher during irradiation of the chest. During head and stomach irradiations the severity level of radiation damage was proportional to the efficient dose. During chest irradiation there was no correlation between the severity level and the exposure to doses of 210 rad.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quantitative patterns in the clinical manifestations of radiation sickness in large laboratory animals exposed to radiation at superlethal doses. The quantitative patterns in the manifestations of radiation sickness in dogs].

Radiation sickness manifestations have been studied in dogs exposed to electrons (electron energy 25 MeV) and gamma-neutron radiation (neutron energies of 0.37 and 1.2 MeV) in a wide dose range. Dose-response relationships have been calculated for mortality and some clinical manifestations of the intestinal and cerebral forms of radiation sickness. With regard to mortality, the highest effect has been observed for gamma-neutron radiation with a neutron energy of 1.2 MeV. For equal physical doses and for those equally effective in relation to mortality, clinical manifestations of damage are more prominent following exposure to electrons.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quantitative patterns in the clinical manifestations of radiation sickness in large laboratory animals exposed to radiation at superlethal doses. The quantitative patterns in the manifestations of radiation sickness in monkeys].

Radiation sickness manifestations have been studied in two species (Macaca fascicularis and Papio hamadryas) exposed to electron and gamma-neutron radiations in a wide supralethal doses range. Dose-response relationships have been calculated for mortality and some clinical manifestations of the intestinal and cerebral forms of radiation sickness. Higher radiosensitivity of baboons in comparison with Macaca fascicularis and clinically more dangerous damage due to electrons as compared to gamma-neutron radiation have been demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Ondansetron, dexamethasone and an NK1 antagonist block radiation sickness in mice.

Radiation sickness is frequently observed in total body irradiation (TBI). We have reported that the kaolin ingestion behavior "pica" may be analogous to nausea and vomiting in mice. We evaluated the effects of anti-emetics on the prevention of radiation-induced pica in mice. After the intraperitoneal injection of ondansetron (OND: 2 mg/kg), dexamethasone (DEX: 2 mg/kg) or CP-99,994 (CP: 15 mg/kg), mice received 9 Gy of TBI, and then kaolin consumption was measured after 24 h. Radiation-induced pica was slightly inhibited by pretreatment with a single administration of OND or DEX, but not by CP (control: 0.69+/-0.19 g, OND: 0.33+/-0.06 g, DEX: 0.39+/-0.07 g, CP: 0.66+/-0.09 g); it was significantly inhibited by the combination treatment of OND and DEX (control: 0.55+/-0.09 g, OND+DEX: 0.30+/-0.06 g, OND+CP: 0.70+/-0.04 g, DEX+CP: 0.58+/-0.02 g). The combination of the three drugs completely abolished the behavior (control: 0.67+/-0.08 g, OND+DEX+CP: 0.10+/-0.05 g). These results suggest that radiation-induced pica in mice may be useful to evaluate drugs for treatment of radiation sickness and that the combination therapy of a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and a glucocorticosteroid with a neurokinin NK1 receptor antagonist is effective in reducing the symptom.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Periods of cardiovascular diseases development in individuals with chronic radiation sickness caused mainly by external uniform radiation].

The author analysed files of 101 patients suffered from chronic radiation sickness due to chronic occupational mainly external radiation (dose of 98 to 947 cGy). Through represented clinical diagnoses, the author studied age of primary diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases in general and of individual entities, arterial hypertension, relationships between age at the diagnosis and total radiation dose, dose rate. The article presents comparative data on dose loads, time of various cardiovascular diseases diagnosis in accordance with circulatory disorders during chronic radiation sickness.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hydroxylating activity of rat liver microsomes in the period of acute phase protein formation in radiation sickness].

At the height of radiation sickness (7-8 days after irradiation) the accretion of proteins of "acute phase" in rat blood was accompanied by diminution of diminution of hydroxylating activity of microsomes determined by the rate of aminopyrine demethylation. There was an invert correlation between these two indices, and the correlation coefficient was -0.9.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗
PubMed1975

Some problems of antibiotic therapy in radiation sickness.

Literary and the authors' own data concerning the application and mechanism of action of antibiotics in radiation sickness have been reported. The questions of the effect of antibiotics on the course and outcome of radiation sickness, development of dysbacteriosis following irradiation, effect of antibiotics on endogenic infection, development of resistance of autoflora microbes to antibiotics in an irradiated organism and various aspects of the mechanism of action of antibiotics in radiation sickness have been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Mortality among workers with chronic radiation sickness.

This study is based on a registry containing medical and dosimetric data of the employees who began working at different plants of the Mayak nuclear complex between 1948 and 1958 who developed chronic radiation sickness. Mayak is the first nuclear weapons plutonium production enterprise built in Russia and includes nuclear reactors, a radiochemical plant for plutonium separation, and a plutonium production plant. Workers whose employment began between 1948 and 1958 exhibited a 6-28% incidence of chronic radiation sickness at the different facilities. There were no cases of chronic radiation sickness among those who began working after 1958. Data on doses of external whole-body gamma-irradiation and mortality in workers with chronic radiation sickness are presented.

Chronic Disease↗