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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A descriptive epidemiology of sport and recreation injuries in a population-based sample: results from the Alberta Sport and Recreation Injury Survey (ASRIS).

The 1996 Alberta Sport and Recreation Injury Survey is a retrospective study describing the annual incidence of injuries in the province of Alberta resulting from sport and recreational involvement. Data was collected by means of a telephone survey using random digit dialing techniques to obtain a representative sample of Albertans in the winter of 1995-96. The sample produced a total of 3,790 respondents from 1,478 households evenly split between genders, with an age range of 6 to 93 years. The survey asked information regarding medically attended, non-fatal injuries resulting from sport and recreational activities. Findings reveal an annual incidence of sport or recreational injuries of 11%. Among those reporting a sport or recreational injury, the most common types of injuries were a sprained/torn ligament (31%), strained/pulled muscle (19%), and fracture (13%). The most common bodily locations of injuries were the knees (21%) and the ankle (14%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Sleep and Breathing in Recreational Climbers at an Altitude of 4200 and 6400 Meters: Observational Study of Sleep and Patterning of Respiration During Sleep in a Group of Recreational Climbers.

Background: The increasing popularity of mountain climbing will result in greater numbers of the general population being at risk for the disturbances known to occur with altitude exposure. Methods: Observations of sleep and breathing were made in 6 healthy travellers (5 males and 1 female, 38 to 62 years of age) before, during, and after a recreational climb. We modified a portable seven channel polygraph to record sleep state, oxygen saturation, respiratory movements, body position, and oronasal airflow 4 weeks prior to the expedition at home (500m), at base camp (4200m) and in 3 climbers at 6400m. All had a repeat study at 500m altitude 4 weeks after the expedition. Results: For the group, the total number of obstructive apneas and hypopneas (OA/H) at night increased from 36 at home to 68 at base camp over a one night recording. Separately counted central apneas and hypopneas (CA/CS) increased from 6.7 to 45. In one climber, who had a history of recurrent snoring and observed apneas at home, the number of apneas increased from 201 at 4200m to 322 at 6400m, whereas in 2 climbers measured at 6400m, all apneas decreased. The total sleep time (TST) increased in all 6 climbers by 10% at base camp in comparison to home records. In the 3 climbers attaining an altitude of 6400m, the REM (rapid eye movement) sleep declined by 10% compared to the record at 4200m. Conclusion: Respiratory disturbances at low altitude are amplified by exposure to high and extreme altitude. In those without symptoms of sleep apnea, significant physiologic alterations will occur at high altitude but at extreme altitude regular ventilation is re-established.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Anthropometric, strength, endurance and flexibility characteristics of elite and recreational climbers.

There has been remarkable development in the scope and quality of rock climbing in recent years. However, there are scant data on the anthropometry, strength, endurance and flexibility of rock climbers. The aim of this study was to compare these characteristics in three groups of subjects-elite rock climbers, recreational climbers and non-climbers. The 30 male subjects were aged 28.8 +/- 8.1 (mean +/- S.D.) years. Group 1 (n = 10) comprised elite rock climbers who had led a climb of a minimum standard of 'E1' (E1-E9 are the highest climbing grades) within the previous 12 months; Group 2 (n = 10) comprised rock climbers who had achieved a standard no better than leading a climb considered 'severe' (a low climbing grade category); and Group 3 (n = 10) comprised physically active individuals who had not previously done any rock climbing. The test battery included tests of finger strength [grip strength, pincer (i.e. thumb and forefinger) strength, finger strength measured on climbing-specific apparatus], body dimensions, body composition, flexibility, arm strength and endurance, and abdominal endurance. The tests which resulted in significant differences (P < 0.05) between the three groups included the bent arm hang (elite 53.1 +/- 1.32 s; recreational 31.4 +/- 9.0 s; non-climbers 32.6 +/- 15.0 s) and pull-ups (elite 16.2 +/- 7.2 repetitions; recreational 3.0 +/- 4.0 reps; non-climbers 3.0 +/- 3.9 reps); for both tests, the elite climbers performed significantly better than the recreational climbers and non-climbers. Regression procedures (i.e. analysis of covariance) were used to examine the influence of body mass and length. Using adjusted means (i.e. for body mass and leg length), significant differences were obtained for the following: (1) finger strength, grip 1, four fingers (right hand) (elite 447 +/- 30 N; recreational 359 +/- 29 N; non-climbers 309 +/- 30 N), (2) grip strength (left hand) (elite 526 +/- 21 N; recreational 445 +/- 21 N; non-climbers 440 +/- 21 N), (3) pincer strength (right hand) (elite 95 +/- 5 N; recreational 69 +/- 5 N; non-climbers 70 +/- 5 N) and (4) leg span (elite 139 +/- 4 cm; recreational 122 +/- 4 cm; non-climbers 124 +/- 4 cm). For tests 3 and 4, the elite climbers performed significantly better than the recreational climbers and non-climbers for any variable. These results demonstrate that elite climbers have greater shoulder girdle endurance, finger strength and hip flexibility than recreational climbers and non-climbers. Those who aspire to lead 'E1' standard climbs or above should consider training programmes to enhance their finger strength, shoulder girdle strength and endurance, and hip flexibility.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1981

A descriptive study of the status of therapeutic recreation at the seven state-operated comprehensive rehabilitation centers in the United States.

The intent of this article is to present a systematic overview of therapeutic recreation services at the seven state-operated Comprehensive Rehabilitation Centers. These seven Centers are located in Hot Springs, Arkansas; Warm Spring, Georgia; Thelma, Kentucky; Baltimore, Maryland; Johnstown, Pennsylvania; Institute, West Virginia; and Fisherville, Virginia. This paper is a result of a study which was conducted from October 1978 to May 1979. The study showed that each of the Centers provided recreation and leisure activities: however, none of the Centers utilized therapeutic recreation as the title of their specific department. In general, the Centers have difficulties in the following areas: 1. defining therapeutic recreation; 2. structuring their department; 3. delivery of therapeutic recreation services; 4. conception of therapeutic recreation as part of the rehabilitation process; 5. inadequately trained personnel in leadership and supervisory positions; 6. staff training; 7. assessment and evaluation instruments for clients; 8. discharge planning; and 9. recreation therapy as a treatment component within the delivery of therapeutic recreation services, All of which need resolution. The research demonstrated that most of the recreation directors saw a need for therapeutic recreation services to be refined further to meet the needs and abilities of the clients.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Recreation and risk: potential exposure.

The Department of Energy and other federal facilities are reclaiming land through the process of remediation and restoration, and this land will eventually be turned over for future land uses that may involve recreation. Understanding the amount of recreation that is likely (and thus individual exposure) is an essential element in decisions about cleanup standards. In this article the number of days people engage in different recreational activities as a measure of potential exposure is examined. People attending a Mayfest celebration (n = 399) and the Palmetto Sportsmen's Classic (n = 285) in Columbia, SC, were interviewed regarding their recreational activities. In most cases reported in the literature, recreational activities are examined as the mean number of days people engage in each activity per year, but to determine risk it is essential to know the distribution of these activities. In descending order of frequency, people attending the Mayfest reported their activities as birdwatching, photographing, fishing, hiking, camping, and hunting. There were significant gender differences in the frequency of activities, with men spending more days in every activity except birdwatching and photography. There were ethnic differences in recreation, with whites engaging in higher levels of most recreational activities than blacks, but the percentage of black men who reported fishing more than 100 d per year was greater than for white men. Most people reported their participation in most activities less than 30 d per year; however, a higher percentage of people reported participating in photography, birdwatching, and fishing more than 30 d per year compared to the other activities. Further, individuals at the Sportsman's Classic reported far higher rates of hunting and fishing per year than the general public. These data can be used to examine potential exposure of recreationists on remediated and restored land. The data clearly indicate that over 25% of the people engage in at least one recreational activity over 20 d per year, and thus exceed the Department of Energy's 14-d recreation assumption in its future land use document.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed2000

Recreation and risk around Los Alamos: are Hispanics more at risk?

The Department of Energy (DOE) and other federal facilities are involved in massive remediation and restoration efforts on lands that may eventually be turned over for recreation or other uses by the public. In addition, other sites are expected to continue their ongoing missions, but recreation may be sanctioned, or not discouraged, on their remediated lands. Understanding the amount and types of recreation of regional residents who might use such lands, as well as their willingness to use these lands, is critical to determining both cleanup and restoration standards, and potential future risk. In this article the recreational rates, current recreational use, and willingness to recreate on Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico are examined for 356 people interviewed at a well-attended gun show in Albuquerque, NM. There were few significant ethnic differences in recreational rates, although Hispanics had higher fishing rates and lower bird-watching rates than whites. Women hunted less, and photographed more, than men. Younger people fished and hunted more, and bird-watched less, than older people. There were no differences in recreational rates as a function of income or education. These data can be used for understanding potential exposure of people in the vicinity of Los Alamos.

Adult↗