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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Vasomotor rhinitis--atrophic rhinitis: two ends of an autonomic spectrum.

A hypothesis is put forward based on clinical observations and treatment modalities in vasomotor non-allergic rhinitis (V.M.R.) and primary atrophic rhinitis (P.A.R.). The hypothesis postulates that (1) V.M.R. and P.A.R. are two diseases at the ends of an autonomic spectrum (2) The anterior nasal aperture, its dimensions and sensory receptors play a vital role in the etiopathogenesis of both the conditions through reflex autonomic action.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia presenting as atrophic rhinitis.

Atrophic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nose. The aetiology of primary atrophic rhinitis is not yet known, although secondary atrophic rhinitis is known to be associated with chronic granulomatous diseases such as tuberculosis and leprosy. The authors report a case of atrophic rhinitis, which was a presenting feature of a rare genetic disorder known as Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome, also known as anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Pre and post-treatment histopathological changes in atrophic rhinitis.

Atrophic rhinitis is a chronic debilitating nasal mucosal disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by progressive nasal mucosal atrophy, crusting, fetor and enlargement of the nasal space with paradoxical congestion. The disease induces bilateral nasal obstruction and a persistent foul odour of which the patient and by-standers are painfully aware. Primary atrophic rhinitis has decreased markedly in incidence in the last century. However the prevalence still remains high in developing countries like India. Histopathological features allow this entity to be distinguished from chronic non-specific hypertrophic rhinitis, which may have a cell-mediated immune basis underlying its pathogenesis. Histopathological examination of primary atrophic rhinitis was performed on biopsy material from 30 patients. Mucosal atrophy, squamous metaplasia, and chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate were found to characterize this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in cases of dacryocystitis due to atrophic rhinitis.

Atrophic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nose, which is more common in India. Chronic dacryocystitis is its rare complication. The authors found four cases of chronic dacryocystitis from March 2002 to October 2003 due to atrophic rhinitis. It was diagnosed clinically by the regurgitation test and lacrimal syringing. These cases were treated conservatively for a period of six weeks to make the nasal mucosa healthier and were then subjected to endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (end-DCR) under local anaesthesia. The procedure was found to be more difficult due to bleeding and the healing time was prolonged as compared to other cases of end-DCR. After one to one and half years of follow-up the primary success rate was 75 per cent but after revision surgery in one case, all cases were successful. Hence it was concluded that atrophic rhinitis is no more a contraindication for end-DCR. However, meticulous initial preparation and post-operative follow-up is necessary to improve the result.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

The aetiology and management of atrophic rhinitis.

Atrophic rhinitis is a chronic, debilitating and recalcitrant disease of the nasal cavities that is prevalent in several parts of the world. It has unique epidemiological features and clinical characteristics. Clinicians and researchers for decades have tried to postulate theories for the aetiology of the primary form of the disease. Management of the disease has seen several medical therapeutic regimens including alternative forms of medicine. Surgical options for the condition are also not completely satisfactory with a number of failures and recurrences. The authors provide here a comprehensive review of the existing literature as regards the aetiology and management of this refractory condition.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

[Comparison of the mucociliary transport rate of rhinitis sicca and atrophic rhinitis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the mucociliary transport function of rhinitis sicca and atrophic rhinitis, and to explore the standard of diagnosis. METHOD: The MTR of normal control group, the rhinitis sicca group and the atrophic rhinitis were determined by using saccharin, and then compared. Then MTR of rhinitis sicca treatment group were compared before and after treatment. RESULT: The MTR of normal group: (9.15 +/- 0.86) mm/min; the rhinitis sicca group: (5.84 +/- 0.48) mm/min and the atrophic rhinitis group: (3.36 +/- 0.07) mm/min. There were significant difference among them (P < 0.05). 25 patients of rhinitis sicca were treated by administering the pill of Gelomyrtol forte in 2 weeks. The MTR of rhinitis sicca were no significant difference before and after treatment (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Rhinitis sicca is a separate nasal disease, which is different from atrophic rhinitis. It is important to find an effective treatment for the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Investigation into the pathogenesis of atrophic rhinitis in pigs. I. Atrophic rhinitis caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida and the meaning of a thermolabile toxin of P. multocida.

In two groups of swine herds, herds with and without clinical AR the presence of Atrophic Rhinitis (AR) correlated with the presence of toxinogenic Pasteurella multocida (PM) and not with the Bordetella bronchiseptica (BB) infection. Six BB- and eighteen PM-strains have been investigated for AR pathogenicity. Broth cultures were injected intradermally in guinea-pigs (GPST) or intranasally in 3-week-old colostrum deprived specific pathogen free (SPF) piglets. The average atrophy of the ventral conchae (AVC) correlated with the GPST in 4 BB-and 7 PM-strains. One BB- and 2 PM-strains were qualified as doubtful, the others as non-AR pathogenic. With AR pathogenic BB-and PM-strains clinical AR could be induced in 3-and 6-week-old piglets. AVC lesions (gradation greater than 1) could be induced with BB in piglets of 6 and with pathogenic PM in 16-week-old piglets. Six of seven AR pathogenic PM-strains resembled Carter-type D and one resembled type A. No significance was found between AR pathogenicity and somatic serotypes. Intranasal instillations of cell-free broth culture filtrates of AR pathogenic PM-strains also caused AR in piglets. These filtrates also caused lethality in piglets and in mice lethalitytest (MLT) and induced a positive GPST. After heating the pathogenic effects of the filtrates disappeared. The name AR toxin has been introduced for this thermolabile, haemorrhagic dermonecrotic (HDNT) fraction of the AR inducing filtrates. The severity of the AR lesions depended on the amount of the AR toxin intranasally instilled in pigs. Cross protecting antibodies obtained in rabbits against the AR toxins of two PM strains could be demonstrated by a toxin neutralisation test in the MLT and the GPST. Broth cultures were injected intradermally in guinea-pigs (GPST) or intranasally in 3-week-old colostrum deprived specific pathogen free (SPF) piglets.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Dominant inheritance in a family with primary atrophic rhinitis.

Primary atrophic rhinitis is an uncommon condition which presents with crusts in the nose. The nasal mucosa is dry and atrophied and the nasal cavities are abnormally wide. We report a large London Irish family with an affected father with fifteen children. Eight of these have primary atrophic rhinitis. Symptoms appear around puberty, and there was one case in the third generation with an affected mother. The nasal appearances of the affected members varied considerably and many hid their disease well. The family fits well with dominant inheritance. A familial aetiology for primary atrophic rhinitis is a more attractive theory than those previously postulated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Fibre-optic endoscopy in atrophic rhinitis.

Primary atrophic rhinitis seems to have a high prevalence in the arid regions bordering the great deserts of Saudi-Arabia. Fibre-optic endoscopy was performed on 42 patients treated surgically. Fibre-optic endoscopy demonstrated the presence of crusts in the nasal cavities and their subsequent reduction following surgery. It also demonstrated ulceration of the cartilaginous nasal septum in some cases and this may explain the pathogenesis of septal perforation noted in a high number of our patients. Fibre-optic nasendoscopy was also helpful in demonstrating the reappearance of free mucus in the nasal cavity and helped to determine the optimal time for reversing Young's procedure. Fibre-optic nasendoscopy is a reliable tool for verifying the results of surgery and comparing the efficacy of various treatment modalities.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1984

[Genetic nature of atrophic rhinitis in swine. I. The results of a test cross and bacteriological study in atrophic rhinitis in swine].

It is well established that the swine atrophic rhinitis (AR) is controlled by the only gene with two alleles, R and r, the former being a dominant. Our study was designed to determine the role of these factors in appearance of AR of swine among the offspring. Normal and diseased pairs of animals were mated. The heterozygotic (Rr) phenotypically normal but potentially ill hogs and sows were revealed at the farm where AR was spread. The phenotypically normal hogs and sows (RR, Rr) were mated with diseased (rr) or potentially diseased ones, and phenotypically normal heterozygotic (Rr) hogs and sows (control). The diseased sucking-pigs revealed in the litter were removed. It has been established that the sucking-pigs were normal when mating normal homozygotic animals. These sucking-pigs were used to replace the live-stock of sows. When mating normal homozygotic animals with recessive ones, the sucking-pigs were also normal, the normal alleles being dominant. In matings of heterozygotic animals 27.3% of the litter were wry-snouted. However, even healthy heterozygotic animals should not be used for replacing the live-stock, because they have both the normal and recessive alleles. When recessive animals were mated, all sucking-pigs proved to have the symptoms of AR. Such sucking-pigs, together with their parents were necessarily removed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Development of turbinate lesions and nasal colonization by Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida during long-term exposure of healthy pigs to pigs affected by atrophic rhinitis.

Natural transmission of atrophic rhinitis from pigs from a herd with an endemic atrophic rhinitis problem to pigs from a herd free of atrophic rhinitis was demonstrated. Six replicates each with five pigs from the endemic atrophic rhinitis herd (Group A) and five pigs from the atrophic rhinitis-free herd (Group B) were housed together from 5 wk of age, with each replicate kept in isolation rooms maintained at optimal and controlled environmental conditions. Three replicates each with six pigs/room from the atrophic rhinitis-free herd (Group C), served as nonexposed controls. Group C pigs remained healthy and had no turbinate atrophy at either 10 or 17 wk of study (atrophic rhinitis score = 0 on a 0 to 3 scale). Group A pigs had a mean atrophic rhinitis score of 1.85 +/- 0.84, and group B pigs developed atrophic rhinitis to a mean score of 1.57 +/- 0.70. The isolation rate and quantity of Pasteurella multocida found on nasal swabs was directly related to lesions while those for Bordetella bronchiseptica were inversely related to turbinate atrophy. Of the various types of P. multocida evaluated, nontoxigenic type A and toxigenic type D were both directly related to atrophic rhinitis while nontoxigenic type D strains were not. No toxigenic type A P. multocida strains were isolated.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Forensic aspects of atrophic rhinitis of swine].

Atrophic rhinitis in swine is presented by means of recently published research work. Thereby it is emphasized as a significant forensic matter, that a reliable diagnosis could only be produced by combined application of clinical, pathoanatomical and bacteriological investigations and that the isolation of toxin-producing strains of Pasteurella multocida in a herd without clinical symptoms of atrophic rhinitis is to be considered as a proof of latent atrophic rhinitis.

Animals↗