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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Radionecrosis of normal tissue: studies on mouse tails.

Studies on the radionecrosis of mouse tails demonstrate the following modifications to the dose necessary for necrosis in 50 per cent of tails (the ND50): (a) There is very little reduction in ND50 values for irradiated lengths of tail from 2 cm to almost the whole tail, but there is a sharp increase in dose for lengths less than 1.5 cm. (b) The ND50 is high for unanesthetized mice irradiated in air, due to tissue hypoxia. (c) The hypoxia can be reduced by varying amounts by applying heat to the tail, or by flowing oxygen over the tail surface, or by anesthetizing the animal. (d) The ingress of oxygen through the surface can be reduced by placing a clamp round the proximal tail. These features are discussed with reference to the state and possible position of the target cells, and to the use of this assay technique in comparative studies.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1978

Late effects of successive massive doses of radiation on parabiont rat pairs.

Parabiosis of rats permits one partner to survive 1000 R X-radiation if the other is shielded. This dose to the previously shielded partner after intervals of 5, 10 or 30 days tests the ability of the first irradiated partner to recover and, in turn, support the second. The effectiveness of this can be measured by the late effects induced in the pair. Lifespan was shortened by 100--150 days following a 5-day interval, by 30 days following a 10-day interval and not shortened following a 30-day interval. The incidence of leukaemia was about 6 per cent in each group, close to that in control pairs. Shortening the interval between the irradiations decreased the average age of death from leukaemia. No solid lymphoid tumours were induced in the doubly irradiated pairs. The incidence of osteogenic sarcoma was 1.6 per cent in controls and 12.9 per cent in the pairs with both partners irradiated.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A new pre-irradiation conditioning regimen which protects against radiation injury and facilitates engraftment of xenogeneic bone marrow.

Administration of a large number of xenogeneic (rat) bone marrow cells before lethal, total body irradiation in mice (preconditioning regimen) results in powerful protection from radiation damage, remarkable prolongation of their survival, facilitation of marrow engraftment and induction of rat chimerism. This protective effect is not exerted by thymus or spleen cells and does not depend on specific immune mechanisms. The preconditioning regimen is more efficient when the bone marrow cells are viable and when the cells are inoculated intravenously a few hours before irradiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Protective effect of hypoxia against radiation induced fibrosis in the rat gut.

The protective effect of hypoxia, induced by degradable microspheres, against the development of fibrosis was investigated after single-dose irradiation of exteriorized rat ileum. Evaluation, based upon microscopy and analysis of hydroxyproline in protected and nonprotected gut segments, demonstrated an evident protective effect at doses of 15 to 25 Gy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effectiveness of hypoxic hypoxia as a means of protecting the body from ionizing radiation exposure with the use of sodium oxybutyrate and mexamine].

While exerting a pronounced antihypoxic action on the body of white mice under nypoxic hypoxia, a combination of sodium hydroxybutyrate and mexamine given in comparatively low doses (100 and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively) did not remove the radioprotective effect of hypoxic hypoxia. In hemic and histotoxic hypoxia the drugs did not exhibit any antihy-oxic action.

5-Methoxytryptamine↗
PubMed1977

[Interaction and migration of T- and B-lymphocytes in immune responses during carcinogenesis induced by methylcholanthrene].

The (CBA X C57BL) F1 mice were injected intramuscularly with methylcholantrene (MCA) in a dose of 0.3 mg, and their T- and B-cells ability to cooperate in the immune response against sheep red blood cells, and also migration of these cells from the thymus and the bone marrow to the spleen were studied. The MCA immunosuppressive action proved to be associated with the inhibition of migration and cooperation of T- and B-lymphocytes in the immune response. A conclusion was drawn that the immunosuppressive effect developing during the carcinogenesis was complex and it was realized at various stages of immunogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Patterns of exogenous and endogenous hematopoietic repopulation following radiation injury.

Patterns of hematopoietic recovery in mice given an LD50/30 radiation exposure were different from those in animals given an LD100/30 exposure and a marrow transplant sufficient to effect 50 per cent 30-day survival. Death occurred later, and recovery of some peripheral blood elements was delayed in the LD50/30 mice. Over the period of study, splenic hematopoiesis and stem cell renewal were insignificant in the LD50/30 mice yet were active in the marrow-transplanted animals. The slow recovery of erythropoiesis in the LD30/30 mice is explained in part by the lack of early splenic hematopoiesis. This effect appeared to be attributable to the splenic microenvironment which, although being suitable for growth of unirradiated hematopoietic cells, was not conducive to repair of radiated splenic hematopoietic cells.

Animals↗