Re D (A Minor) (Wardship:Sterilisation)
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The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate our results of treating subtrochanteric nonunions with a (AO/ASIF) blade plate. We treated a total of 32 patients (33 hips) with a subtrochanteric nonunion with a blade plate. Outcome measures were time to healing, complications after the index-operation and the Merle d'Aubigne hip score at follow-up. Union was achieved in 32 of the 33 hips after an average of 5 months. Complications were seen in nine patients (nine hips); five complications required re-intervention and four minor complications were treated conservatively. According to the Merle d'Aubigne hip score, 10 patients were rated as excellent, 15 as good and 7 as fair. This study shows that treatment of a subtrochanteric nonunion with a blade plate consistently leads to bony union with a good to excellent hip score in the vast majority of the patients (25 out of 33 hips).
Four weeks of immobilisation with two types of re-mobilisation programmes (intensive concentric treadmill exercising during 6 days, and free exercising, and immobilisation without any re-mobilisation period were studied to clarify possible exercise-induced calf muscle damage especially in fast-twitch fibres used in running compared to non-immobilised rats housing freely in their cages. As markers of muscle injury, conventional histology, beta-glucuronidase (beta-GU) activity and fetal myosin heavy chain expression (MHC-d) were assessed on Days 0, 1, 3, 6 and 14 after the cast removal. Only minor focal hypercontraction, ruptures and necrosis of myofibrils, and weak inflammatory cell reactions were found in all samples examined, except in the controls. No MHC-d positive cells were found indicating absence of active regeneration after immobilisation or re-mobilisation. Minor increase in beta-GU activity was observed in all three muscles studied, but statistically significant increase was observed only in the samples of the free exercising group on Day 14 after the cast removal. To conclude, intensive concentric treadmill exercise for 6 days did not cause significantly more muscle damage than did free exercising re-mobilisation.
The amino-acid sequence of the N-terminal tryptic glycopeptide of a minor sialoglycoprotein (component D, glycophorin C) from human erythrocyte membranes was re-investigated and revised at the positions 12, 44, 47 and 48. Based on these and previous (Dahr, W. et al., Eur. J. Biochem. 125, 57-62, 1982) studies, the fragment exhibits the following structure (one-letter-code for amino acids, + = glycosylation): (Formula: see text).
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In recent years, the prevalence of vitamin D (calciferol) deficiency has increased and rickets has re-emerged in the UK and other developed countries as a public health problem. Infants, toddlers and adolescents in 'at risk' ethnic minorities (e.g. Asian, African Caribbean and Middle Eastern) are particularly likely to be vitamin D-deficient or to have rickets. Also at particular risk are babies and toddlers who have been exclusively breast-fed during infancy without receiving vitamin supplements, or whose mothers did not have vitamin D supplements during pregnancy. Here we discuss the management of children with primary vitamin D deficiency (i.e. that due to nutrient deficiency).
It was found that a lactase preparation from Penicillium sp. nearly quantitatively hydrolyzed ginsenosides Re and Rg1, which are major saponins in roots of Panax ginseng, to a minor saponin, 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh1 [6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxatriol]. This is the first report on the enzymatic preparation of ginsenoside Rh1 with a high efficiency. This enzyme also readily hydrolyzed ginsenoside Rg2 to ginsenoside Rh1.