SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Recognition memory”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1978

Facilitation of infants' recognition memory.

Infant's recognition memory, defined by novelty preferences, was found to be improved by providing 5--7-month-old infants with discriminable but related targets during the familiarization period. Facilitation of recognition was found for both photos of faces and for abstract patterns. It was necessary to present only 1 associated stimulus along with the to-be-remembered target in order to aid recognition. Such facilitation was dependent upon the kind of related target shown for study and was more likely to be demonstrated when simultaneous rather than successive exposure to related instances was allowed.

Child Development↗

PubMed1977

Marijuana and memory impairment: effect on free recall and recognition memory.

The effect of marijuana on memory was evaluated by presenting two groups of 17 male volunteers with lists of repeated or nonrepeated words following administration of a single marijuana cigarette containing 14 mg delta9-THC. An immediate free recall, final free recall and recognition memory test followed. Results indicated that marijuana significantly decreased immediate and final free recall but only slightly influenced recognition memory. Rate of acquisition on the repeated lists was the same for both groups. Long term retention of encoded information was not influenced by marijuana. The shape of the serial position curves departed slightly from those reported by other investigators in that some effects of the drug on the recency portion of the curve were noted. Both internal and external intrusions were elevated under marijuana.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Influence of active encoding on tactile recognition memory for common objects.

Active tactile recognition memory for common objects is compared with passive touch. The recognition memory test occure after a delay between inspection and test of seven days. Three groups of five each have the following conditions and results: Group I manipulated objects at both inspection and test to obtain a recognition rate of 87.9%; Group II manipulated objects at inspection but not at test, i.e., passive touch, to produce a recognition rate of 80.7%; Group III manipulated objects at test but not at inspection to perform at a 72.5% accuracy rate. Object manipulation had a significant effect and the group means were all significantly different (p less than or equal to .05), with the largest performance decrement due to passive touch at encoding. Generally, the findings implicated the importance of object identity in tactile recognition memory which, in turn, is supportive of the depth-of-processing approach to memory.

Discrimination, Psychological↗

PubMed1979

Comparison of accuracy in auditory and tactile recognition memory for environmental stimuli.

Accuracy rates for auditory and tactile recognition of naturalistic stimuli over a 7-day period are compared. 40 subjects listened to 50, 107, or 194 naturalistic sounds and were tested immediately or after delays of 2 or 7 days. 30 other subjects handled but did not visually inspect 150 common objects and were tested over the same three delay intervals. Recognition accuracy for sounds was 87.5%, 82.5%, and 80.4% while common objects were recognized at 96.0%, 93.8%, and 88.5% rates of accuracy. Tactile recognition memory was superior to auditory recognition memory. The recognition accuracies of both modalities were affected by the delay interval. The number of items inspected had no effect on the recognition memory for sounds. Following a delay of 1 wk., the accuracy of recognition relative to the original level of function was 92% for both modalities.

Auditory Perception↗

PubMed1978

Visual recognition memory for binary pictures: another look.

Recognition memory for matrices of 0s and 1s was examined as a function of the number of elements (complexity) and density of those elements within the matrix. It was found that with greater density and lesser complexity, recognition performance improved. This result contradicts an earlier finding of Green and Purohit, who concluded that the more complicated matrices led to better performance. The present study suggests that their conclusion was erroneous and stemmed from failure to control the physical parameters of density and number of elements in the matrix. Implications for the general problem of recognition memory and eye movements are discussed.

Eye Movements↗

PubMed2025

Pupil dynamics in macaque recognition memory tasks: investigating physiological mechanisms.

Cognitive deficits are common in primates, particularly in memory and emotional processes. Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), widely used in cognitive and behavioral research, are central to memory studies. The relationship between recognition memory performance and pupillary dynamics in rhesus monkeys remains underexplored. This study investigated pupil dynamics during recognition memory tasks and their physiological correlates in five sexually mature male rhesus monkeys. We measured pupil diameter and oscillatory features during tasks and analyzed the relationship between behavioral performance and physiological indicators. We found that the average correct response rate exceeded the random success level, and reaction times were significantly shorter during successful recognition than failures, highlighting their cognitive efficiency. During recognition of familiar scenes, average pupil diameter increased, while maximum change in pupil size decreased, indicating reduced cognitive load. Both the frequency and amplitude of pupillary oscillation were lower during successful trials, reflecting decreased cognitive conflict and effective processing. This change reflects a decrease in cognitive conflict and suggests that information processing was more effective. The absolute value of the pupil peak slope decreased during successful recognition, indicating more stable cognitive state. These results support that pupillary dynamics can serve as physiological markers of cognitive effort in rhesus monkeys. Future studies should investigate how stimulus characteristics influence recognition and incorporate measures, such as intracranial EEG and fMRI, to enhance our understanding of their neural mechanisms. This research supports the rhesus monkey model in cognitive neuroscience and contributes to understanding primate cognition and its physiological foundations, with implications for clinical and translational research.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Visual recognition memory for large and small binary pictures.

Recognition memory for pictures was tested using matrices of 0s and 1s as stimuli in two experiments. In the first experiment dimensionality of matrices was varied (5 X 5 and 10 X 10 matrices). The results showed better recognition memory for 10 X 10 matrices. The second experiment investigated the importance of certain areas, such as center or surround, using 10 X 10 matrices only. The results suggested that neither center nor surround is given unusual weight.

Attention↗

PubMed1976

Short-term recognition memory in relation to severity of head injury.

Short-term recognition memory for random shapes was studied in 24 patients with head injury. The severity of head injury as indexed by duration of coma was closely related to impairment in performance. Disruption of short-term recognition memory was associated with neurologic deficit, asphasic disturbance, and signs of brain stem involvement. Performance was not related to association value of the shapes irrespective of linguistic competence. The findings are discussed in relation to recent studies of continuous recognition memory after head injury and hypotheses concerning neurological dysfunction in head injury.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Recognition memory for typical and unusual faces.

In four studies, recognition memory for faces rated as similar to a prototype was found to be inferior to memory for faces rated as unusual in appearance. This result was obtained under both incidental and intentional learning conditions, at presentation rates ranging from 3 to 15 sec, and with retention intervals from 3 to 24 hr. A fifth experiment established interitem similarity as the structural basis of this typicality effect in recognition memory. Difficulties in interpreting the findings in terms of some current models for classification learning, depth of processing models, or present models of the word frequency effect are discussed.

Attention↗

PubMed1975

Partial learning and recognition memory in the aged.

A recognition-memory paradigm was used to test two hypotheses, storage and retrieval, which account for the adult age decrement seen in recall. Partial storage was minimized by using items in the recognition list which were similar to the to-be-remembered items. Recognition performance was unaffected by adult age differences, thereby supporting the retrieval hypothesis. However, older persons made a greater number of semantic errors in the recognition test list supporting the storage hypothesis. While the error difference did not affect overall recognition performance, the result does indicate some caution is necessary in interpreting age-recognition interactions.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Impaired recognition memory after head injury.

A continuous recognition memory task employing 120 line drawings of familiar stimuli was administered to patients recovering from closed head injury of varying severity and control patients. Mildly injured patients obtained significantly more correct responses, and higher memory sensitivity (d') values than moderately and severely injured patients who performed similarly. The measure of response criterion, c, was significantly lower in patients with injury of moderate severity when compared to mildly injured cases and control patients. Controls and mildly injured patients did not differ in their performance. In general, the total correct responses most impressively differentiated head injured patients with measurable coma duration as more than two-thirds had scores below the control group. Group differences in hits, false alarms and misses were examined also. Age and education, skull fracture, and hematoma were generally unrelated to any of the measures, whereas coma duration was significantly related to most measures of mnemonic efficiency.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Cross-modal utilization of information: recognition memory for environmental stimuli.

In a study of cross-modal recognition memory for vision and audition photographs were matched for meaningful content with naturalistic sounds. Fifteen subjects inspected pictures and were tested with sounds and for 15 other the procedure was reversed. The two cross-modal groups were further divided into subgroups of 5 to test at one of three delays: immediate, 2 days, or 7 days. Accuracies for recognition of vision-audition for the respective retention intervals were 88.0%, 81.8%, and 75.4% and for audition-vision 87.9%, 85.1%, and 76.7%. Delay interval significantly affected cross-modal recognition. There was no interaction. Vision-audition recognition accuracy did not differ from audition-vision. The cross-modal recognition for both was high. Neither differed from a comparable intra-modal recognition memory for naturalistic sounds (Lawrence, 1974).

Auditory Perception↗

PubMed1975

Effects of sleep deprivation on short-term recognition memory.

A probe-recognition short-term memory paradigm was used to inquire into the precise effects of sleep deprivation on human memory. It was found that recognition performance, as measured by d', was generally impaired for each subjects after 24 hr of sleep deprivation. While d' was shown to decrease exponentially as the number of items intervening between the target and the probe increased, this decay rate was not affected by sleep loss. In addition there was confirmation of a previously observed increase in the positive skewness of reaction times after wakefulness. The data were consistent with the hypothesis that sleep deprivation increases the occurrence of lapses, periods of lowered reactive capacity, which prevent the encoding of items in short-term memory.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

The development of recognition memory for the left-right orientation of pictures.

3 studies examined the development of recognition memory for the left-right orientation of pictures of common objects. In study 1, 5-year-olds, 9-year-olds, and college students were shown 20 pictures of objects. Subsequently, they were tested on their ability to discriminate between 10 of these pictures and their left-right mirror images and between the other 10 pictures and completely new ones. There were large developmental differences in memory for orientation, although all age groups could discriminate accurately between familiar pictures and completely new ones. In studies 2a and 2b, training concerning the relevance of orientation improved second and fourth graders' long-term memory for this characteristic, but training effects were minimal for kindergartners. However, even kindergarten children showed accurate short-term memory for orientation on the task used for training. In contrast to study 2, study 3 produced accurate long-term memory for orientation in kindergarten children by using a verbal training procedure. Results are discussed in terms of the range of memory factors involved in children's mirror-image confusions and in terms of general implications for the development of recognition memory.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Recognition memory for single tones with and without context.

Sequences of seven tones were presented, and recognition memory for individual tones of each sequence was tested under varying degrees of context. With no context, the test required recognition of a tone isolated from the sequence; with full context, the tone to be recognized was embedded in the original sequence. A series of three experiments demonstrated that recognition memory was far more accurate under full-context conditions than under no-context conditions and that the superiority was not wholly attributable to the serial position information or the order information provided by the full context. It is suggested that in addition to the processing of limited information for the pitch of isolated tones, pattern (or relational) information is abstracted from a tone sequence and is retrieved in the presence of full context.

Association↗

PubMed1977

Marijuana: dose-response effects on pulse rate, subjective estimates of potency, pleasantness, and recognition memory.

34 experienced marijuana users were divided into four equated groups of eight subjects each based on recognition memory test performance. One week later each group was retested following administration of marijuana containing 0, 5, 10 or 15 mg delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol. A dose-related effect of marijuana on pulse rate and subjective measures of potency and pleasantness occurred. Ratings of potency and changes in pulse rate were highly correlated, but this relationship did not hold within a given dosage group as determined by partial correlations. No effect of marijuana on the distribution of hit and false alarm rates or confidence ratings during the recognition memory test was noted.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Recognition memory alterations after severe head injury. Preliminary results in a series of 50 patients.

The Authors report a study on recognition memory in a series of 50 severe head injuries. The effect of cerebral trauma is expressed by reduction in recognition memory and in learning. A significant difference is found between frontal lesions and temporal lesions. Left temporal lobe damage causes a more severe deficit than right temporal lobe damage. Extradural and subdural haematomas cause no such severe deficit. Neurological syndrome of level of lesion significantly correlates with the performance. PTA duration shows no relation.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Marijuana: dose effects on pulse rate, subjective estimates of intoxication, free recall and recognition memory.

The effect of marijuana on memory as measured by free recall and recognition, pulse rate and self ratings of intoxication was evaluated in 16 male volunteers. Marijuana containing 0, 5, 10 or 15 mg delta9-THC was administered to all subjects by smoking in 4 sessions separated by a 1 week interval. Free recall was reduced in a dose related manner by the drug, but recognition memory was unaffected. A 2 sec word presentation rate produced inferior recall in comparison to a 4 sec rate, but this variable did not interact with drug condition. Intrusion errors increased following intoxication but this effect was not systematically related to dosage of delta9-THC. Both pulse rate and self ratings of intoxication increased with dosage.

Adult↗