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Results for “Reoviridae Infections”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

A field trial with a multicomponent inactivated respiratory viral vaccine.

An inactivated virus vaccine containing strains of parainfluenza type 3 (PI3), bovine adenovirus type 3, reovirus type 1, bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) viruses was tested in a group of 58 calves reared in a semi-intensive management system. Following vaccination, 1/30, 14/30 and 17/30, showed significant rises in antibody titre to reovirus type 1, adenovirus type 3 and IBR respectively. None of the animals showed significant serological response to PI 3 and BVD. In the control group, 2/28, 1/28, 6/28 and 3/28 developed antibody responses to reovirus type 1, BVD, adenovirus type 3 and IBR respectively. Microbiological examination revealed the presence of a wide variety of commensal bacteria and Mycoplasma bovirhinis in both groups. Analysis of the records of clinical examinations indicated that the respiratory tract infections occurred among the calves at between 50 and 80 days after arrival at the farm, and that there was no significant difference between the test and the control groups. A number of animals had maternal antibodies to the various components of the vaccine present before the trial commenced and these antibodies appeared to interfere with the subsequent serological response to the antigen challenge. The vaccination schedule recommended by the manufacturer does not entirely circumvent this problem.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1975

Veterinary aspects of salmonid fish farming: husbandry diseases.

Most disease problems affecting farmed salmonid fish are either caused or exacerbated by bad husbandry and poor environmental conditions. The aspects of water quality and nutrition which are significant in causing husbandry problems are considered. The clinical aspects of these diseases are decribed in terms of the life cycle of salmonids, and methods of prevention are discussed.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMed1977

Probable role of viruses in calfhood diseases.

Bovine enteroviruses, bovine viral diarrhea virus, rotavirus (formerly called reovirus-like agent), coronavirus-like agent, bovine adenovirus, and bovine parainfluenza-3 virus have been isolated from calves suffering from neonatal disease. The experimental disease produced by these viruses is not necessarily severe or fatal, but under farm and ranch conditions, each probably serves as an added to mortality from neonatal disease. After initial losses following the introduction of a virus into a herd, the subsequent losses will be limited because the cow will produce antibodies to protect the fetus during gestation. Antibodies will also be concentrated in colostrum to protect the calf at birth. However, colostrum must be fed immediately after birth, before the calf becomes infected.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1975

Live and killed virus vaccines: their use against the respiratory diseases of cattle.

The respiratory diseases of cattle are due to a combination of different factors among which figures a viral infection. The antiviral vaccination, perfectly possible owing to associated killed vaccines and live virus, is thus a very important element which must enter into every general plan of prophylaxis. Moreover, these plans will concern bacterial infections, conditions of rearing, etc. We have demonstrated that it is possible to produce good immunity in calves and sheep using a trivalent killed vaccine (parainfluenza 3, adenovirus 3 and reovirus 1). Possible interference with antibodies of maternal origin makes the multiplication of vaccine injections desirable.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1977

Field trial evaluation of a reo-coronavirus calf diarrhea vaccine.

Field trials were conducted using an experimental, modified live virus, oral vaccine for prevention of reo- and coronavirus calf diarrhea. Prior to the trials, one or both of the specific causative agents were identified from affected calves in each participating herd. In 21 herds, sequential trials were conducted in which results of uninterrupted vaccination were compared with disease rates during a preceding or subsequent control period. In these herds there was a statistically significant reduction in the morbidity and mortality from disease in 1,598 vaccinates compared with the rates in 829 prevaccination control calves. Morbidity and mortality in 206 post-vaccination control calves rose marginally above the rates in the same vaccinates. In 26 other herds, where double blind trials were conducted, rates of morbidity and mortality from disease were virtually the same for 1,080 vaccinated calves and 355 placebo calves. Vaccinates in the sequential trials had the lowest morbidity and mortality rates of any test group in either field trial format. In a selected dairy herd, both field trial formats were implemented and the results compared. In the double blind trial, vaccinates and placebo calves had comparable rates of morbidity and mortality from disease. When a sequential trial was later implemented, a statistically significant reduction in morbidity and mortality occurred in vaccinates compared with rates in control calves.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A study of infections and illnesses in a day nursery based on inclusion-bearing cells in the urine and infectious agent in faeces, urine and nasal secretion.

During an epidemic-free period of nearly 2 years infections and illnesses were followed in a group of small children (2-3 1/2 years) in a day nursery. The incidence of illness was fairly low, 6.3 per child and year. The viral infections were followed by means of the inclusion reaction in the urine and isolation of virus, and the bacterial by culture of nasal secretion. In 60% of the cases the viral infection was accompanied by illness. In 57 cases of illness there were 27 (47%) with merely virus and/or inclusion reaction, 8 (14%) in which bacteria alone were discovered, and 22 (39%) with both. The viral infections were the decisive ones in about 80% of the illnesses. Enteric respiratory viruses of 10 types were detected. 16 (73%) of the 22 children had such an infection on at least one occasion, and spread within the group occurred on infection with echovirus 9, coxsackievirus B4 and reovirus. Enteric viruses accounted for 29% of the viral infections. Streptococci and Mycoplasma pneumoniae played no part in the bacterial infections, which were entirely dominated by pneumococci. Cytomegaloviruria was found in 13 (72%) of 18 children examined. No spread was detected within the group. Rotavirus was on no occasion found in faeces.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1976

Necropsy and laboratory findings in free-living deer in South Dakota.

In a diagnostic survey of diseases in wild white-tailed deer (62 cases) and mule deer (12 cases) the most common findings were traumatic injury (20%), nontraumatic hemorrhage (13%), polioencephalomalacia (11%), and bacterial infections (9%). Although epizootic hemorrhagic disease was suspected in several cases, the virus was isolated from only 1 white-tailed deer.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Changes in intestinal structure and function of neonatal calves infected with reovirus-like agent and Eschericia coli.

Measurements of villus/crypt length ratio and mucosal beta-galactosidase activity were made on calves less than 3 weeks of age which had diarrhoea associated with reovirus-like agent and E. coli. In calves with diarrhoea, the villus/crypt length ratios at all sites examined along the small intestine were less than in normal calves of similar age. This was attributed to a reduction in length of vili in calves infected with the reovirus-like agent. The activity of mucosal beta-galactosidase in the intestine of calves with diarrhoea was less than in normal calves, at all sites examined. A relationship existed between beta-galactosidase activity in vitro and lactose hydrolysis in vivo. It was concluded that calves with diarrhoea associated with reovirus-like agent, have a reduced ability to utilize dietary lactose.

Animals↗