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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Resting heart rate in apparently healthy middle-aged men.

Resting heart rate (fcrest) was measured by a standardized technique in 2,014 men aged 40-59 years during a cardiovascular survey. All men were thought to be healthy prior to the survey examination. According to the survey findings, the material was subdivided into 5 clinical subgroups, according to survey findings of coronary heart disease (CHD), or suspect symptoms, or signs. Coronary angiography was performed in 105 subjects with particularly strong suspicions of CHD. FCrest varied between 61-63 among the 5 groups (p greater than 0.10). In 1832/2014 defined as "normals" the following findings were made: 1. Mean fcrest 61 (SD 9.7), and almost identical values obtained by auscultation and from resting ECGs in the same persons. 2. Linear drop in fcrest by age (-0.126 beats/year, p less than 0.001). 3. Increase in fcrest with increasing systolic blood pressure. Since there is no generally accepted technique for measuring fcrest it is suggested that the wide variation in fcrest reported in the literature at least in part may be due to differences in techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Reliability of resting heart rate measurements in atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND: Heart rate (HR) control in atrial fibrillation (AF) is commonly guided by resting HR measurements, usually with 12&#x2011;lead ECG or in-office pulse palpation. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the reliability of resting HR measurements in AF patients with long-term ambulatory ECG and activity monitoring. METHODS: We included patients who had recorded a full-disclosure ambulatory ECG with a mobile cardiac telemetry device equipped with an accelerometer (PocketECG, MEDICALgorithmics, Poland), with at least 95% AF. Resting HR samples (&#x2264;20 per individual/day) were collected as 10-s daytime (8&#xa0;am to 8&#xa0;pm) measurements after &#x2265;10&#xa0;min of rest. These samples were compared to each individual's mean daytime resting HR. RESULTS: In 832 patients (median age 77 (interquartile range (IQR) 69-83) years, 42% women) with a median registration duration of 13&#xa0;days (IQR 7-22), the population mean daytime resting HR was 85 (&#xb1;15) beats per minute (bpm). A single resting HR differed from the mean daytime resting HR by a mean of &#xb1;10.4% (IQR 3.6-14.4%). When the mean daytime resting HR was &#x2265;110&#xa0;bpm, 29% of resting HR samples were&#xa0;<&#xa0;110&#xa0;bpm, and when the mean daytime resting HR was 80-109&#xa0;bpm,11% of samples were&#xa0;&#x2265;&#xa0;110&#xa0;bpm. Resting HR measurement variability decreased to 5.3% (IQR 1.9-7.5%) when four resting HR samples were averaged. CONCLUSION: In patients with AF, a single resting HR measurement often differs substantially from the mean daytime resting HR. When a precise measurement is clinically relevant, repeated resting HR sampling or ambulatory monitoring can address this measurement imprecision.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

A long-term diabetic autonomic nervous abnormality. Reduced variations in resting heart rate measured by a simple and sensitive method.

Three types of variation in resting pulse rate were measured, using simple and reproducible methods, in 44 young juvenile diabetics and 11 controls. Diabetics with few years duration of the disease showed normal values of both long-term and cyclic fluctuations, as well as of non-systematic, random variation from beat-to-beat. All three types of variation were reduced in long-term diabetics, and the reduction was in all cases correlated with the duration of diabetes. The decrease in non-systematic, beat-to-beat variation attained statistical significance after 5 to 10 years duration of diabetes. It is concluded that reduced variation in resting pulse rate is a long-term diabetic manifestation and that the decrease of non-systematic, beat-to-beat variations in diabetics is a useful indicator of functional abnormalities of the autonomic nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A free-running endogenous rhythm of the resting heart rate in man.

A sine-wave oscillating rhythm of the heart rate is reported in 24 out of 31 resting healthy subjects. Identification of these free-running cycles was by spectral analysis of minute-by-minute recordings of electrocardiograms, and in a few cases by inspection of cardiotachometer records. The periodicity of this rhythm was circa 10 min and was intermediate in frequency between the rapid fluctuations with frequencies of 15, 30, and 60 s and those of a frequency recurrent every 90 min already described in the literature. Our cycles were independent of age and sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of ambient temperature on metabolism and heart rate of resting albino rats].

Heart rate and oxygen consumption were measured simultaneously in albino rats. These measurements were carried out in the resting animal at different temperatures between 18 degrees and 33 degrees C. The metabolism evolution with the environmental temperature allowed to place the thermal neutrality at 29 degrees C. The resting heart rate varies as metabolism. It shows the lowest values round the thermoneutrality and increases quickly as the environment is cooling. This result shows the effect of the thermal environment upon the resting heart rate level. On the other hand, the non linear relationship between metabolism and heart rate points out that the heart rate increase is not the only factor that allows an increased oxygen consumption during the body temperature regulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effect of exercise conditioning on the intrinsic contractile state of cat myocardium.

Fourteen adult cats were exercised on a motor-driven treadmill 5 days each week for 6 weeks to determine the effect of exercise conditioning on the intrinsic contractile state of the myocardium. The exercise program was sufficient to produce a cardiovascular training effect manifested by slower exercising heart rates and resting heart rates after atropine by the end of the 6th week. The mechanical function of the isolated right ventricular papillary muscle from exercised cats was compared with that of 17 sedentary adult cats. There were no significant differences between exercised and control cats in in heart weight-body weight ratios, resting and active lenght - tension relations, maximal rate of isometric force development at the peak of the length-tension curve (Lmax), time to peak force at Lmax, maximal force development with paired stimulation and norepinephrine, or force-velocity relations. These results indicate that the intrinsic state of feline myocardium is unaffected by exercise conditioning.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Pindolol pharmacokinetics in relation to time course of inhibition of exercise tachycardia.

1 Pharmacokinetics of pindolol were studied in normal subjects given 5, 10 and 20 mg orally and 3 mg i.v. Plasma half time was 2.9 +/- 0.3 (s.e. mean) h for both routes; peak drug levels occurred 1--2 h after ingestion and bioavailability was 53%. Plasma protein binding was 38% and was independent of plasma concentration; the drug was not concentrated in the red cell. 2 Work-heart rate regression lines were calculated from resting heart rate and three grades of 'steady-state' exercise standardized for the maximum work capacity (Wmax) of each subject. The equation was characterized by slope and HR50 (calculated heart rate at 0.5 Wmax). 3 After giving 5 mg i.v. pindolol to produce maximum cardiac beta-adrenoceptor blockade there were differences in inhibition of resting heart rate, slope, HR50 and maximum heart rate suggesting differences in sympathetic components. However, estimates of the degree of inhibition were closely similar for each variable when determined before and after atropinization indicating that the accuracy of estimation was independent of the level of vagal activity. 4 After oral pindolol peak inhibition of resting heart rate, slope and HR50 coincided with peak plasma concentration. Peak reduction of resting heart rate was greatest at the lowest dose, but inhibition of slope and HR50 were similar at all doses. 5 The different heart rate parameters recovered at different rates. After 24 h slope had returned to control, and the residual inhibition of HR50 reflected residual beta-adrenoceptor blockade of resting heart rate, as demonstrated by a shift in isoprenaline-heart rate relationship. 6 Inhibition of HR50 and other exercise parameters were 20% less in the concentration range 5--20 ng/ml than peak inhibition obtained in the range 21--160 ng/ml. The higher potency of pindolol compared with propranolol can be accounted for by the difference in protein binding.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Heart rate in spiders: influence of body size and foraging energetics.

Resting heart rates in 18 species of spiders as determined by a cool laser transillumination technique range from 9 to 125 beats per minute. Cardiac frequencies obtained in this fashion may readily serve as a measure of standard rates of metabolism. A spider's resting heart rate is a function of body size and of foraging energetics.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Classically conditioned heart rate responses in Macaca mulatta after beta-adrenergic, vagal and ganglionic blockade.

Heart rates of 5 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were monitored during classical conditioning trials consisting of a visual conditioned stimulus followed after 10 sec by an electric shock to the tail. Heart rates typically increased at the onset of the visual stimulus, and returned to baseline before shock delivery. Autonomic blocking agents were subsequently administered; their effects on resting heart rates, and on acceleratory and deceleratory phases of the biphasic conditioned heart rate responses were examined, both in the raw data, and with a statistical regression technique. Beta-adrenergic blockade by propranolol lowered resting heart rates and was found, after regression analysis, to reduce the heart rate increase phase, and to weakly enhance the subsequent heart rate decrease phase of the conditioned response. Vagal blockade by atropine sulfate elevated resting heart rate, and markedly reduced both acceleratory and deceleratory heart rate phases of the conditioned responses. Ganglionic blockade by chlorisondamine also elevated resting heart rates (less than atropine), and almost completely eliminated conditioned heart rate changes. Several sources of evidence suggest a predominant vagal tone over resting heart rates, as well as mostly vagal mediation (with some sympathetic contribution) of the biphasic conditioned rate response.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Reassessment of failed beta-blocker treatment in angina pectoris by peak-exercise heart rate measurements.

Twenty-one patients with angina pectoris were treated with adrenergic beta-receptor antagonists. Previously the resting heart rate had been used as a guide to treatment, a reduction in the rate to 55-60 beats/min without symptomatic improvement indicating failure of medical treatment. These patients were re-evaluated before coronary arteriography using the peak-exercise heart rate as an index of adrenergic beta-receptor antagonism. The dose of beta-blocking drugs was increased to produce a peak-exercise heart rate of less than 100 beats/min or a consistent rate of 100-125 beats/min which would not lessen in spite of progressive dose increments. The resting heart rate was ignored. On these criteria 15 patients previously considered to have responded inadequately to beta-blockade responded satisfactorily and were therefore removed from the waiting list for coronary arteriography. They all remained well up to two years later. Six patients failed to respond and had coronary arteriography with a view to surgical treatment. Reliance on the resting heart rate as the index of optimum adrenergic beta-receptor antagonism is likely to lead to premature or unnecessary referral for surgery; the failure of beta-blockade in the treatment of angina pectoris can be determined simply and accurately by using peak-exercise heart rate.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1977

The influence of prolonged lidoflazine (R 7904) treatment on resting ECG, heart rate and blood pressure. A retrospective study.

Resting ECGs of 172 patients (33-77 years) with anginal complaints, who had been treated for several months with lidoflazine 120-360 mg/day, together with all available data on blood pressure and heart rate were collected and analysed over a period of at least one year after the start of lidoflazine treatment. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly from the sixth month onwards; heart rate and P-duration decreased gradually, whereas (TI-TIII) and (TV6-TV1) increased significantly. Data also showed that prolonged treatment with lidoflazine favourably influences typical ischaemia-related ECG aberrations in angina pectoris patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Differentiation of drugs acting centrally upon the cardiovascular system by means of sympathetic and vagal responses.

The response pattern of the autonomic nervous system was investigated after central administration (intra-cisternal, vertebral artery) of amphetamine, morphine, fentanyl, dextromoramide and the substance R 28935, chemically related to the neuroleptic agent pimozide. Effects on the sympathetic system were measured by recording electrical discharges of fibres of the (preganglionic) major splanchnic nerve in anaesthetized cats; those on the vagal system by recording the heart rate in anaesthetized dogs under beta-adrenoceptor blockade; the baroreceptor reflex was elicited by the blood pressure increase of i.v. injected angiotensin. All substances decreased the spontaneous discharge rate of the splanchnic nerve. Amphetamine facilitated the vagally mediated reflex bradycardia and this was antagonized by the alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agent piperoxan. Amphetamine did not affect the resting heart rate, as has already been shown for clonidine and related substances. The narcotic analgesics lowered the resting heart rate but did not facilitate the baroreceptor reflex response. R 28935 neither influenced resting heart rate nor the baroreceptor reflex response in beta-blocked dogs. On the basis of the vagal response pattern it was therefore possible to distinguish between 3 groups of central hypotensive drugs.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of atenolol with propranolol in the treatment of angina pectoris with special reference to once daily administration of atenolol.

Fourteen patients with angina pectoris completed a double blind trial of atenolol 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg twice daily and propranolol 80 mg thrice daily. In comparison with placebo, all active treatments significantly reduced anginal attacks, consumption of glyceryl trinitrate, resting and exercise heart rate, resting and exercise systolic blood pressure, and significantly prolonged exercise time. There was no significant difference between the effects of propranolol and atenolol. Nine patients completed a further trial comparing atenolol given once or twice daily. Both regimens were effective and there was no significant difference between the reductions in anginal attacks, glyceryl trinitrate consumption, systolic blood pressure, or heart rate. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory electrocardiograms showed that atenolol consistently reduced heart rate throughout the 24-hour period whether given once or twice daily. Atenolol is a potent antianginal agent which, in most patients, is likely to be effective once daily.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effect of passive smoking on angina pectoris.

The effect of passive smoking on exercis-induced angina in a well ventilated and in an unventilated room was evaluated in 10 patients with angina. Patients exposed to 15 cigarettes smoked within two hours in a well ventilated room or an unventilated room increased their resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and venous carboxyhemoglobin and decreased their heart rate and systolic blood pressure at angina. Patients exposed to passive smoking in an unventilated room had a larger increase in resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and venous carboxyhemoglobin and a greater reduction in heart rate and systolic blood pressure at angina. The duration of exercise until angina was decreased 22 per cent after passive smoking in a well ventilated room (P less than 0.001), and decreased 38 per cent after passive smoking in an unventilated room (P less than 0.001). Passive smoking aggravates angina pectoris.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Selectivity of beta adrenoreceptor antagonist drugs assessed by histamine bronchial provocation.

In a double-blind, within-patient, randomized study, 12 mild asthmatics were given single oral doses of propranolol (80 mg), metoprolol (100 mg), timolol (10 mg), or placebo. Resting heart rate and forced expiratory volume in one sec (FEV1) were measured before and 90 min after treatment. Nonspecific bronchial reactivity was measured by inhaled histamine at 90 min. Following each active drug, resting heart rate changed to a similar extent and to a greater degree than after placebo (p less than 0.01). Changes in FEV1 were small and not different from those after placebo. In contrast, after each active drug, bronchial reactivity increased more than after placebo. The degree of reactivity with each active drug was similar but the differences from corresponding placebo values were significant (p less than 0.05). We conclude that, in mild asthmatics, nonspecific bronchial reactivity is a more sensitive index of airway effects than resting FEV1. Moreover, in the context of this study, since the beta-blockers were given in doses likely to induce equivalent cardiac beta-blockade, there is no evidence to suggest that any one of them is more "cardioselective" than the others.

Adolescent↗