SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Retreatment”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Rates, Timing, and Predictors of Retreatment Across Risk-Cohorts in Retinopathy of Prematurity: Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injection Versus Laser.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize rates, timing, and predictors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) retreatment among infants treated with primary laser or intravitreal bevacizumab injection. DESIGN: Retrospective consecutive, comparative clinical study. PARTICIPANTS: Infants who underwent initial treatment for treatment-warranted ROP (TW-ROP) with either intravitreal bevacizumab or laser photocoagulation between 2017 and 2023. METHODS: Patients were stratified into two treatment groups: primary laser group vs primary bevacizumab group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Retreatment within the first 3 months (0-90 days) was assessed and classified as early (≤30 days) or late (31-90 days). RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty eight eyes of 122 infants were treated for ROP; of those, 181 (76.1%) eyes of 93 (76.2%) patients were included. There were 116 (64.1%) eyes in the bevacizumab group, and 65 (35.9%) eyes in the laser group. Thirty-three (18.2%) eyes-all micro- or nano-premature (<27 weeks GA and/or <800 grams)-required retreatment for TW-ROP. Sixteen (8.8%) required early retreatment at a median postmenstrual age (PMA) of 40.4 weeks (IQR, 38.44-43.3). There were differences in the proportion of early retreated infants (21.5% for laser vs 1.7% for injection, P < .001). Seventeen (9.4%) eyes required late retreatment. The median PMA at late retreatment was 45.6 weeks (IQR, 43.7-47.4). Infants in the bevacizumab group had lower odds of retreatment within three months than those with laser (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.06-0.82). Similarly, patients in the bevacizumab group had lower odds of requiring early retreatment compared to those with laser (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.04-0.18). Within eyes with retreatment, infants in the bevacizumab group had a later PMA at retreatment than those in the laser group (B = 6.81; 95% CI: 4.68-8.93). AROP was associated with earlier PMA at retreatment (B = -7.72; 95% CI, -9.36 to -6.10). CONCLUSION: In this study, early retreatment was low (8.8%), with most eyes initially treated with laser (21.5%) rather than bevacizumab (1.7%). Aggressive ROP was associated with earlier retreatment, highlighting its role as a marker of more severe disease. Compared to laser, bevacizumab was associated with lower overall and early retreatment, and delayed need for additional intervention when necessary. All retreatments occurred in micro- or nano-premature infants, suggesting that medium-to-low risk infants may require less strict post-treatment monitoring.

Humans↗

PubMed1992

A faculty-house staff retreat.

There has been much discussion regarding the causes of stress in residency training programs and solutions to alleviate the pressure. As a partial solution, we have found discussions of retreats for pediatric interns in the medical literature, but no discussion of department-wide retreats. Since the early 1970s, the University of Wisconsin (Madison) Department of Pediatrics has held a faculty-house staff retreat every 2 years. The more recent retreats used process-oriented discussions in its goals of fostering understanding through group communication to reduce stress. The 1989 agenda was an expansion of previous efforts with extensive faculty and house staff involvement before, during, and after the retreat. The purposes of this article are to review the literature on the use of retreats in various settings, especially residency training programs; describe the past and present use of retreats by the University of Wisconsin Department of Pediatrics; describe the 1989 retreat; and describe the positive and negative aspects relating to retreats as we have used them. We believe our retreat is unique, serves many purposes, and has been a successful tool for relieving residency stress.

Counseling↗

PubMed1992

Efficacy of removing glass ionomer cement, zinc oxide eugenol, and epoxy resin sealers from retreated root canals.

Removal of gutta-percha and various sealers was assessed during retreatment of the root canal system. Sixty root canals were prepared and obturated with gutta-percha and Ketac-endo, Roth's 801 cement, or AH26. After 14 days, the canals were retreated by hand or ultrasonic technique and the retreatment time was recorded. The roots were split and the amount of debris that remained on the canal walls in three separate levels was recorded by use of a dissecting microscope. The mean scores were compared by one-way and two-way ANOVA. The total score was significantly the highest for Ketac-endo (p less than 0.04), followed by AH26 and Roth's 801 cement. The largest amount of debris was consistently found in the apical third, and generally it was comparable for both retreatment techniques. The ultrasonic technique was significantly faster than the hand technique for all sealers tested (p less than 0.0004, p less than 0.0003, p less than 0.02, respectively). Hand retreatment of Ketac-endo was the slowest, whereas ultrasonic retreatment of Roth's 801 cement was the fastest. The results indicated that Ketac-endo endodontic sealer can be effectively removed from the root canal by ultrasonic instrumentation.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1979

Retreatment of endodontic fillings.

Effects of endodontic retreatment on quality of seal and periapical healing were assessed among 660 previously root-filled roots. The roots were divided into either of two groups according to presence or absence of pathologic alterations in the periapical area. The retreatments, which were carried out by dental students, involved a thorough chemomechanical debridement of the root-canal system aiming to control infection. Following a 2-year observation period 556 roots were reexamined clinically and radiographically. The results showed that root-fillings with technical shortcomings could, following retreatment, be markedly improved as regards effectiveness of seal and distance to the apex. A large number of lumina discernible apical to root-filling could also be treated and filled. Seventy-eight percent of the cases with pathologic lesion present periapically prior to retreatment either completely healed or displayed an obvious size-reduction of the process. Retreatments carried out because of technical inadequacies alone were successful in 94% of the cases. It was concluded that renewed endodontic treatment whenever possible is the method of choice when treating defective endodontic fillings complicated with pathologic processes periapically. Apical surgery may be attempted if no signs of healing are apparent following observation.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Relapse after response to interleukin-2-based immunotherapy: patterns of progression and response to retreatment.

The initial site of disease relapse was identified for 79 patients with metastatic renal cell cancer (RCC), melanoma, colon cancer, or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), who had achieved partial or complete responses to one of five IL-2-based immunotherapy regimens. The initial site of relapse was evenly distributed between pre-existing sites of disease (33%), new sites of disease (38%), or both (29%). There was no difference in the distribution of recurrences between patients with partial or complete responses. Fifty-one patients with prior complete or partial responses were retreated with additional IL-2-based therapy following tumor progression. Five of 51 patients retreated following relapse developed new partial responses. There were no complete responses. Three patients with NHL were retreated with IL-2 and LAK cells and all achieved a second response, while only 2 of 48 patients with other histologic diagnoses reresponded. It is concluded that after a partial or complete response to IL-2-based immunotherapy, patients who relapse do so equally at new and pre-existing sites of disease. A response to retreatment following tumor progression may be attained in patients with NHL, while a new response is unlikely for patients with melanoma and RCC.

Humans↗

PubMed1992

Prediction of successful allograft rejection retreatment with OKT3.

OKT3 is considered to be effective in the prophylaxis and treatment of rejection. However, anti-OKT3 immunization is still a major side-effect. Only the IgG antiidiotypic component of the response is responsible for neutralization of OKT3 therapeutic activity by inhibiting OKT3's binding to T cells (i.e., blocking antibodies). It has recently been reported that successful OKT3 retreatment could be performed in patients showing circulating anti-OKT3 antibodies assessed by ELISA, which does not distinguish between blocking and nonblocking antibodies. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of these two types of anti-OKT3 antibodies for their capacity to interfere with effective OKT3 retreatment. Twelve cadaver renal allograft recipients who received OKT3 inducing therapy, were given a second 10 day-course of OKT3 for treatment of rejection. Circulating CD3+ cells were sequentially monitored. Anti-OKT3 antibodies were detected by using both conventional ELISA and an immunofluorescence inhibition test specifically detecting blocking antibodies. OKT3 and the patient's serum were incubated for 30 min at 4 degrees C, and 2 x 10(5) normal T cells were added (30 min at 4 degrees C). After washing, the cells were incubated with FITC goat antimouse antiserum. Fluorescent cells were counted using a FACS analyzer. In 10 patients, at the end of the 10-day second course, less than 10% circulating CD3+ cells were detected. None of these patients had detectable antibodies in the IF inhibition assay at the beginning of retreatment, irrespective of anti-OKT3 antibody titers detected by ELISA. In contrast, in two patients, OKT3 therapy was ineffective: more than 50% circulating CD3+ cells were detected and OKT3 treatment had to be interrupted soon after it was initiated. In both of them, blocking antibodies were detected by the IF-inhibition assay. These results suggest that specific detection of blocking antiidiotypic antibodies by the IF inhibition assay is a reliable parameter for predicting the feasibility of OKT3 retreatment, avoiding misuse of this expensive therapy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

First-line chemotherapy in the retreatment of bacteriological relapses of pulmonary tuberculosis following a shortcourse regimen.

Totals of 404 Chinese and 778 East African patients with newly diagnosed drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis were treated with short-course regiments of antituberculosis chemotherapy. The Chinese received 6-month and 9-month regimens of streptomycin plus isoniazid plus pyrazinamide, and the East Africans 6-month regiments of streptomycin plus isoniazid alone or with a third drug. 28 Chinese and 45 African patients who relapsed with drug-sensitive strains after their short-course regimen were retreated with standard first-line chemotherapy. The Chinese were given every single dose under full supervision, but the Africans the initial phase only. At 12 months from the start of their retreatment, all 28 Chinese and 40 (89%) of the 45 Africans had a favourable therapeutic response on their retreatment regimen. 2 of the 5 East African patients whose retreatment failed were known to have been irregular in taking their drugs.

Africa, Eastern↗

PubMed1976

Experimental argon laser photocoagulation. III. Relative dangers of immediate vs delayed retreatment.

Monkey retinas were studied histopathologically to assess the relative effects of immediate versus delayed repetitive photocoagulation with the argon laser. Immediate retreatment adds relatively little damage to that created in the retinal nerve fiber layer by the initial photocoagulation. Delayed retreatment increases destruction of all retinal layers, including the nerve fiber layer, and also increases the chance of inducing hemorrhage. When argon laser retreatment of a retinal locus is necessary, it is much safer to do so immediately (within a few hours) rather than after days or weeks.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy retreatment ("stir-up") promotes discharge of persistent caliceal stone fragments after primary extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

A prospective randomized study was performed to compare the results of piezoelectric extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) retreatment versus surveillance only in 50 patients with persistent caliceal stone fragments after primary ESWL for renal calculi. After a 3-month followup significant decreases in residual debris were observed in the retreated group, while changes in the control group were negligible. Considering the low morbidity of outpatient ESWL with a pain-free, second generation lithotriptor, ESWL retreatment of completely fragmented but persistent stone debris appears to be justified to render the kidney stone-free.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Endodontic retreatment: a rational approach to root canal reinstrumentation.

During nonsurgical endodontic retreatment, endodontic instruments are forced apically to remove the root canal filling material and regain canal patency. Undiscriminating burrowing down the canal in the apical direction may be fruitless and harmful. To avoid complications, the dentin overhanging the canal orifice must be removed and an unobstructed access established to the root filling material, so as to facilitate its removal. Reinstrumentation of the filled canal must take into consideration the nature of the filling material and the physical properties of endodontic instruments, as well as the dynamic aspects of canal preparation. This article discusses the mechanical considerations pertaining to root canal retreatment and outlines a step by step rationale approach to retreatment.

Dental Cavity Preparation↗

PubMed1991

Endodontic retreatment in small and large curved canals.

This study used a special jig system, photography, and a sonic digitizer to evaluate the change in canal size and location after retreatment in 20 teeth with small or large curved canals (greater than 23 degrees). During initial instrumentation, small canals enlarged twice as much as large canals in the coronal and middle areas. During retreatment, small and large canals showed 30 to 85% enlargement compared with that of the initial instrumentation. There was a trend, primarily during retreatment, for small canals to deviate more than large canals away from the original canal location.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗

PubMed1991

Comparison of ultrasonography and oral cholecystography in lithotripsy. II. Determining retreatment.

Both ultrasonography (US) and oral cholecystography (OCG) are being used to evaluate patients after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for gallstones. Criteria for retreatment after the initial ESWL are usually related to the size of the residual fragments. This study examines the efficacy of ultrasound and OCG for determining both the size and number of stone fragments in the gallbladder in an in vitro model and in patients. Ultrasonography and OCG examinations using an in vitro ESWL phantom with ten groups of stones, and on 39 patients, were reviewed independently by three radiologists to determine both the size and number of stone fragments. For the in vitro study, the three readers estimated the correct number of fragments, or the next closest range, in 87% of observations by OCG and in 43% by US. The size of the largest fragment was measured within 1 mm of its actual size in 87% of observations by OCG and 20% by US. Correlation coefficients for the mean measurements of the three readers versus the actual fragment size and number were greater for OCG than for US. For the in vivo study, the three readers agreed in 47% of the OCG versus 32% of US examinations with respect to the number of fragments, and in 65% of OCG compared to 40% of US studies with respect to size of the largest fragment. Multiple statistical analyses demonstrate that these differences are statistically significant. A discrepancy among the readers concerning whether a patient was eligible for retreatment occurred in 15% of OCG as compared to 45% of US studies. Both the in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that there is more interobserver reproducibility for OCG than for US, and that OCG is more reliable in making the decision concerning patient eligibility for retreatment following lithotripsy.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Retreatment in periodontal practice.

Periodontal disease has a greater or lesser tendency to recur. The therapist controls rather than cures the condition. Careful maintenance is as important as skillful original treatment if periodontal health is to be maintained. At the time of the original treatment, every patient should be informed that retreatment of some type is occasionally necessary. Patients with recurrence of disease should be treated as conservatively as possible and every effort should be made to find the cause of failure. Surgical retreatment should be done only after a reasonable effort has been made to improve the situation by other means. The deepened crevice that does not bleed when probed and is not accompanied by bone loss does not provide justification for surgical retreatment. This report has reviewed some of the reasons for treatment failures and has presented a philosophy for their management.

Alveolar Process↗

PubMed1979

Canadian survey to determine the rate of drug resistance to isoniazid, PAS and streptomycin in newly detected untreated tuberculosis patients and retreatment cases.

In 1975, a survey was carried out in Canada to determine the primary and acquired drug resistance of M. tuberculosis isolates to isoniazid (INH), para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) and streptomycin. The results of this investigation were compared with those of the primary drug resistant study of Armstrong, undertaken in 1963-64. It revealed that primary drug resistance has increased from 4.9% to 6.3%. The increase is mainly due to immigrants having arrived in this country during the last 12 years. In these newcomers the primary resistance rate was 11.5%. Moreover, 57.8% of the immigrants examined in the survey were of Asian origin, with a drug resistance rate of 11.7%, while 15.6% had arrived from South Europe with a resistant ratio of 16.7%. In retreatment cases, the national average of drug resistance was 26.4%. Among the Canadian provinces, the highest drug resistance rate in retreatment patients (40%) was found in Quebec. While in primary resistance Streptomycin exhibited the highest incidence, in retreatment cases isoniazid resistance proved to be more frequent. In natives, the rates and patterns of primary and acquired resistance were very similar to those observed in other Canadian born patients.

Aminosalicylic Acid↗

PubMed1977

Evaluation of virginiamycin in feed for treatment and retreatment of swine dysentery.

Virginiamycin, fed at a concentration of 110 mg/kg of feed for 2 weeks followed by concentrations of either 27.5 or 55 mg/kg for 3 weeks, was effective in treatment and control of experimentally induced swine dysentery. However, diarrhea recurred 4 days after withdrawal of medicated feed. Subsequently, the frequency of diarrhea decreased in 3 of 4 groups retreated with virginiamycin (110 mg/kg of feed) for 5 days. Feeding of virginiamycin (110 mg/kg) for 1 week after onset of diarrhea was of little value because of the development of a more severe (augmented) form of the disease after withdrawal of medicated feed. Feeding of virginiamycin (55 mg/kg) at the time of exposure and continuing for 3 weeks (followed by intermittent retreatments of 55 mg/kg) aided in treatment and control of swine dysentery. With this regimen, a few swine developed diarrhea during initial medication, but all developed diarrhea after withdrawal fo medicated feed. Frequency of diarrhea was less after each retreatment. This was attributed to the development of immunity from the recurring diarrhea.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1979

A "Retreat" for pediatric interns.

For the past two years, pediatric interns at the University of Washington have been relieved of their clinical duties for five days to participate in a "retreat". Their places were taken by pediatric practitioners as a continuing education experience. The chief benefit of the retreat was the coming together of the intern group and the subsequent support they were able to give to each other. The educational content was deemed less important than the fact that the retreat occurred.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1992

Fractionation sensitivity of the rat cervical spinal cord during radiation retreatment.

Data concerning the fractionation sensitivity of normal tissues during radiation retreatment are limited. Experiments were performed to investigate whether the fractionation sensitivity of the rat cervical spinal cord is changed during retreatment 6 months after a first dose of 15 Gy, representing about half the biologically effective dose for induction of paresis. After a 6 months interval, the long-term recovery from the first treatment was about 45%. The fractionation sensitivity of the rat cervical spinal cord during reirradiation was not significantly different from the fractionation sensitivity of not previously irradiated control rats, with an alpha/beta ratio of 2.3 Gy in control rats and 1.9 Gy during reirradiation of the spinal cord. An additional observation from these experiments was the presence of incomplete repair after fractionated treatment with 2 fractions of 3 Gy per day with 10-h intervals.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Ivermectin for the treatment of periodic malayan filariasis: a study of efficacy and side effects following a single oral dose and retreatment at six months.

Ivermectin, a new antifilarial drug and currently the drug of choice for the treatment of onchocerciasis, has been shown to be effective in bancroftian filariasis. We report here, for the first time, the efficacy and safety of the drug in the treatment of filariasis caused by periodic Brugia malayi. Sixty male, asymptomatic microfilaraemics of Alleppey district, Kerala, South India, received single oral doses of ivermectin in a double blind study. Four dosages were used: 20, 50, 100 and 200 micrograms kg-1 body weight. Clearance of microfilariae, which was not complete, began as early as 12 hours post-treatment and was maximal at the end of one month. Microfilaria levels began to rise thereafter and reached 20-50% of pretreatment levels at six months. The two higher doses (100 and 200 micrograms kg-1) were more effective in suppressing microfilaraemia at six months (P < 0.05). After six months, 32 patients were retreated using the same dose of ivermectin that they had received initially. The pattern of clearance was essentially similar to that seen during the first treatment phase and microfilaria levels were 10-35% of pretreatment levels at the end of the next six months. Twenty-eight individuals who were not retreated at six months continued to have increasing levels of microfilariae, reaching 60% of pretreatment levels at the end of the next six months. Side effects (such as fever, headache, myalgia), which were mild to moderate, were seen in most patients and were unrelated to the dose (P > 0.05) or pretreatment levels of microfilariae.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗