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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Antibody suppression and antiallotype antibodies. II. Interference of circulating antiallotype antibodies with prophylactic treatment against Rh sensitization.

Sera from Rh-sensitized women representing presumable failure of the prophylactic treatment with IgG anti-D (Rh) have been examined for activity against allotype markers on IgG1. Antiallotype antibodies were found with increased frequency compared with a nonsensitized control. In general, however, interference of antiallotype antibodies is not considered to be a great risk of Rh prophylaxis at present. Some requirements which, in this context, may be of importance to the composition and dose of the IgG anti-D-containing preparations used are stressed.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1976

Amniotic fluid analysis in Rh-sensitized pregnancies.

This paper delineates the results of analysis of 234 Rh-sensitized pregnancies. It is now possible to predict the outcome in an Rh-isoimmunized pregnancy based only on the mean amniotic fluid, delta 450. This is an improvement over past methods since it does not depend upon calculation of weeks of pregnancy.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1977

Ovenstone Factor in the management of Rh sensitization.

Several methods have been developed for analyzing amniotic fluid to aid in the management of rhesus isoimmunization. Because all methods attempt to predict the severity of fetal hemolysis based on the original findings of Bevis and on the amount of unconjugated bilirubin in amniotic fluid as measured by its optical density at 450 millimicron, they share two possible sources of error: calculation of exact gestational age and accurately reading bloody or contaminated amniotic fluid. The Ovenstone Factor measures the derivative of the bilirubin curve against wavelength and thereby avoids some of the contaminating pigments at 450 millimicron. This paper compares the predictive accuracy of two methods, Liley versus Ovenstone Factor, in 78 samples of fluid from 46 patients. Predictions were correct in 80% of infants using Ovenstone Factor and 67% using the Liley curve, and incorrect in only 7% and 13%, respectively. The Ovenstone Factor, with its simplicity and high predictive accuracy, is an excellent additional tool in the management of Rh-sensitized pregnancies.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1990

Fetal intestinal obstruction: necessity for percutaneous umbilical blood sampling to assess the severity of Rh sensitization.

Investigation into the severity of hemolytic disease due to Rh isoimmunization may be complicated by concurrent amniotic fluid contamination with bile. We have presented a case in which a prenatal sonogram showed evidence of fetal intestinal obstruction, which was subsequently confirmed postpartum by exploratory laparotomy. Since intrauterine regurgitation of bile occurs with intestinal obstruction distal to the papilla of Vater, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling is necessary to discern the presence and severity of hemolytic disease as indicated by an abnormal spectrophotometric absorption pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Massive feto-maternal haemorrhage: effect of passively administered anti-D in the prevention of Rh sensitization and haemolytic disease of the newborn.

Fourteen mothers carrying ABO compatible but Rh D incompatible pregnancies experienced large feto-maternal haemorrhages (estimated 188 ml, range 50-400 ml red cells). These were all treated with infusions of fresh frozen plasma containing anti-D at a mean immunoglobulin to fetal cell ratio of 129 i.u. (25.8 micrograms)/ml of fetal cells. At 48 h after the infusion 95% of fetal cells had been removed but 3 to 4 days were required for complete removal. The passively administered anti-D was detectable for up to 6-9 months but not after that time. Four of the 14 women had successful pregnancies subsequently although in two of these anti-C + D was present. Of these, one resulted in a clinically affected baby who survived exchange transfusion.

Erythroblastosis, Fetal↗
PubMed1979

Unusual amniotic fluid spectral analysis in Rh sensitization.

In our experience delta 450 millimicron OD measurements have shown a progressive decline during the latter half of gestation in pregnancies unaffected by fetal hemolytic disease. However, we have seen two Rh-negative patients in whom there was a rise in delta 450 millimicron OD between 24 and 27 weeks' gestation and who subsequently bore Rh-negative infants. In these two cases the increase between 24 and 27 weeks was from approximately 0.140 to about 0.200. Both infants were unaffected with fetal hemolytic disease. Therefore, we recommend caution in interpreting modest increases in delta 450 millimicron OD during this period of gestation.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1975

LH-RH-sensitive adenylate cyclase in isolated plasma membranes of rat adenohypophyses.

The adenylate cyclase system in isolated plasma membranes of rat adenohypophyses was studied. Formation of cAMP was found to be dependent on plasma membrane protein. Production of cAMP could be stimulated by the addition of LH-RH. This process was shown to be a function of LH-RH concentration. Basal and stimulated cAMP could be stimulated by NaF. The results of the present experiments suggest that cAMP formation is time dependent. The synthesis of cAMP is a possible effector of LH-RH actions.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1978

[Prevention of Rh sensitization using anti-D immunoglobulin. (An 8 year study)].

From July 1969 to July 1977 the authors administered 629 doses of anti D immunoglobulin to 597 women, 26 of them having received the preparation twice and 3 three times. The preparation of anti D immunoglobulin is most frequently given after delivery to Rh negative, in the ABO system compatible primiparae having given birth to a Rh positive child and being not immunized. The effectiveness of the prophylaxis was tested by sensibilization tests 3--6 months after delivery in 159 women, and in 1977, 137 more women were summoned to a follow-up, so that in all 296 women were hematologically followed up. The prophylaxis proved a failure in 0.6% of women. Biological control was carried out in a group of 118 women who had given birth to Rh positive children following the use of anti D immunoglobulin. It showed failure of the prophylaxis applied in 1.6% of cases.

Erythroblastosis, Fetal↗
PubMed1979

Renin activity and concentrations of angiotensin I and II in amniotic fluid of normal and Rh-sensitized pregnancies.

Renin activity and the concentrations of angiotensin I and angiotensin II in amniotic fluid of second- and third-trimester pregnancies were determined by radioimmunoassay. Between the 28th and 38th wk of gestation, the mean renin activity in the amniotic fluid was higher than during early pregnancy (before the 18th wk of gestation). Both renin activity and the concentrations of angiotensin I and II were increased on some cases of Rh-incompatibility. One to two weeks after the administration of betamethasone to the mother with threatened premature delivery, the intra-amniotic renin--angiotensin system was slightly suppressed. In urine samples of newborns, angiotensin concentrations were in the same range as those found in the amniotic fluid; renin activity was very low or undetectable in the urine of male neonates (1--7 days of age). Thus, angiotensin II in the amniotic fluid may be derived both from fetal urine and/or as the product of enzymatic reactions in the amniotic sac; the latter is dependent not only on the presence of renin and converting enzyme but also on the local renin substrate (angiotensinogen) concentration.

Adult↗