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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[In vitro comparison of instruments for root canal preparation. III. Study of the instruments from the viewpoint of shaping asymmetry].

The shape of the prepared root canals is not consistent with the original anatomical shape in the majority of curved canals. The discrepancy is dependent of the type of instrument, the original anatomical form of the root canal and the location of the measurement. The original shape of the root canal has to be taken into consideration in the selection of preparatory instruments because their application is limited by the above mentioned factor. The sonic and ultrasonic preparatory instruments form an exception in this respect due to their non aggressive way of shaping. These instruments cannot be disregarded in the preparation of curved root canals.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1996

[In vitro comparative study of instruments for root canal preparation. IV. Correlations between the original shape of the root canal and the asymmetry resulting from the preparation].

Certain asymmetry of root canal preparation can be observed in the straight root canal group, as well. The modification of original root canal shape in this group usually is not substantial. Using hand instruments for shaping curved canals special tecniques are required to minimize the asymmetry. Though tendencies of different shaping characteristics can be observed on the mesiodistal and oro-vestibular views there are no statistically significant differences between the asymmetries measured on the oro-vestibular and mesio-distal views. The three dimensional form of canals usually exclude the possibility of forming the same asymmetry on both projections, but the difference between the two views is not striking, therefore the conventional clinical radiographs usually do not give complete information about the asymmetry of preparation.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1992

A comparison in vitro of two ultrasonic root canal preparation techniques.

Two ultrasonic techniques were compared for their ability to clean and shape root canals in extracted human teeth. One technique was recommended by the manufacturer (Cavi-Endo, Dentsply), while the other was a modification by the authors of the stepdown technique. Mesiobuccal root canals of molars were instrumented using these techniques, after which a silicone impression material was injected into the prepared canals. The roots were then split longitudinally and one half was stained for debris scoring while the silicone impressions were assessed for shape. The results showed that the modified technique produced significantly cleaner canals than the recommended technique. The shaping ability of both techniques was difficult to evaluate because of the complex morphology of molar root canals. The final shape of the prepared canal depended more on the initial shape than on the instrumentation technique.

Dental Cavity Preparation↗
PubMed1989

An in vitro method for comparing the effects of different root canal preparation techniques on the shape of curved root canals.

This study introduced an in vitro model which was designed to observe the effects of instrumentation on the shape of curved root canals. The model may be accurately rotated through 90 degrees allowing reproducible radiographs to be taken from two different angles. The root canals were filled with a radiopaque contrast medium before radiographs were taken. Two-dimensional evaluation of the shape of the root canals, before and after preparation was made on enlarged photographic prints obtained from the radiographs. A custom-made grid was used as a guide for measurement and accurate transfer from the pre- to postpreparation prints. Reproducibility of measurement was within 4 per cent. This method is feasible for quantitative comparison of the effect of instrumentation on the shape of root canals.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1989

[SEM studies on root canal preparation using ultrasound].

The root canals of 35 extracted mandibular incisors were instrumented with the ultrasonic-system alone or in combination with hand instruments. Hand instrumentation was compared with ultrasonic instrumentation. Following instrumentation the teeth were prepared for SEM examination. It was concluded that hand instrumentation using reamers was superior to ultrasonic debridement. After initial preparation and finally shaping with hand instruments the ultrasonic device shows good efficiency in cleaning straight root canals.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1989

[Root canal preparation using Excimer laser beams].

An in vitro investigation of root canal preparation on extracted human teeth by 308 nm Excimer Laser radiation was performed. It could be demonstrated that a secure and effective root canal preparation is possible by Excimer Laser radiation. SEM investigations on axially splitted roots showed root canal walls free of smear layer or any other soiling. The dentin-tubuli where open and free of clogging. There was no case of via falsa or overinstrumentation.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1989

[Root canal preparation with Canal-Finder system. Scanning electron microscopy and clinical studies].

Root canal preparation was performed with the new Canal-Finder-System in extracted teeth and in simulated root canals in resin blocks. The results of SEM- and stereomicroscopic investigation showed severe alterations of root canal morphology in the apical part of the canal in many cases. Excellently cleaned and shaped canal walls were found as well as parts, which were not instrumented at all or covered with smear layer and debris. The Canal-Finder-System was found to be a good and suitable device for the initial instrumentation of narrow and severely curved canals, but cannot replace hand instrumentation as the standard method of root canal preparation.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1992

Effect of noncutting tipped instruments on the quality of root canal preparation using a modified double-flared technique.

Fifty-one extracted human first molar teeth with intact crowns and mature root apices were divided into three groups. Root curvature was determined. One of the root canals in the mesial root of lower molars, or the mesiobuccal root in maxillary molars, was prepared in one of three ways. In group 1 the root canals were instrumented using a modified double-flared technique with noncutting tipped files (Flex R); in group 2 the same files were used with a step-back technique. Group 3 was prepared with conventionally tipped files (K-Flex) using the step-back technique. A low viscosity polyvinyl siloxane impression material was injected into the prepared root canals and the specimens were decalcified, dehydrated, and cleared. The preparation was evaluated subjectively according to various desirable or undesirable criteria. A rating for overall quality of preparation was given. Statistical analysis showed that the teeth in group 1 had better overall preparation than those in group 3 (p < 0.05). There were no other statistically significant differences between the groups. The mean time required for each preparation technique was not statistically significantly different (p > 0.1). The use of a modified double-flared technique with non-cutting tipped files was shown to be an effective method for the preparation of curved root canals.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

[Quantification of mechanical versus ultrasonic technique in root canal preparation].

The previous investigations of the cutting efficacy of the paracanal dentine with different endodontic instruments have not quantified the amount of the tissue removed. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various mechanical canal instrumentations with ultrasonic technique by measuring the weight loss of the root dentine. The investigation concerned 60 single-canal roots of freshly extracted human teeth. Each canal was primarily prepared with Beutel rock reamers, size 3, with penetration to the apex. After desiccation in the thermostat at 60 degrees C for 65 hours, roots were weighed using an electronic scale (Mettler, AE-163, West Germany) with a precision of 10(-4) grams. Samples were devided into six groups according to the endodontic instrument: (1)K-tupbe reamers, (2)K-files, (3) Hedstroem files, (4) giromatic cleansers, (5) giromatic files, (6) ultrasonic files. After having been prepared the root canal was thoroughly irrigated with 4 ml saline, redesiccated and reweighed. Ultrasonic instrumentation was the most effective in removing the root canal dentine compared with all mechanical techniques (t-test; p less than 0.005). The smallest amount of root canal dentine was removed by giro-files. This was statistically significant compared with K-files, giro-files and ultrasonic files. There was no significant difference among the other mechanical instruments used in this study.

Dentin↗
PubMed1991

The radiographic platform: a new method to evaluate root canal preparation in vitro.

An in vitro method for evaluating root canal preparation in curved canals is presented. Based on Schneider's method, this technique makes it possible to obtain the position of the instrument before and after instrumentation in the same X-ray film. The use of the radiographic platform is a valuable research and teaching aid.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1990

[Scanning electron microscopic studies on the efficacy of irrigated, hand root canal preparation].

The effectiveness of hand preparation and irrigation of 48 root canals of upper anterior teeth was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Independently of instrument (K reamer or combination K reamer and H file), irrigating solution (sodium chloride) and root canal dressing a similar degree of preparing and cleaning effectiveness of root canals was detected. In all groups a homogeneous or inhomogeneous smear layer of different thickness and extent dominated. A scale of preparing and cleaning effectiveness is recommended.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗
PubMed1995

A comparison of root canal preparations using Ni-Ti hand, Ni-Ti engine-driven, and K-Flex endodontic instruments.

This study used a modified Bramante technique and new digital subtraction software to compare root canals prepared by nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) hand, Ni-Ti engine-driven, and stainless steel hand endodontic instruments. Sixty mesial canals of extracted human mandibular molars were randomly divided into five groups. The roots were embedded in clear resin and cross-sectioned in the apical and mid-root areas. In group A, canals were instrumented using a quarter turn/pull technique with K-Flex files. In group B, canals were prepared with Ni-Ti hand files (Mity files) using the same technique as in group A. Group C was prepared with NT Sensor engine-driven files. Group D canals were prepared with Ni-Ti Canal Master "U" hand instruments. Group E was prepared with engine-driven Ni-Ti Lightspeed instruments. Digitized images of the uninstrumented canals were compared with images of the instrumented canals. Engine-driven Ni-Ti instruments (Lightspeed and NT Sensor file) and hand instrumentation with the Canal Master "U" caused significantly less canal transportation (p < 0.05), remained more centered in the canal (p < 0.05), removed less dentin (p < 0.05), and produced rounder canal preparations than K-Flex and Mity files. Engine instrumentation with Lightspeed and NT Sensor file was significantly faster than hand instrumentation (p < 0.05).

Analysis of Variance↗