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16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2022

Genomic Study on Blood Culture Isolates From Patients With Staphylococcus Infection-associated Glomerulonephritis.

INTRODUCTION: Staphylococcus infection-associated glomerulonephritis (SAGN), is an autoimmune sequela of infection affecting a subset of infected patients without specific predictive factors, frequently presenting with acute nephritic syndrome and propensity for chronic kidney disease. We performed a comparative genotypic and phenotypic analysis of S. aureus isolates from patients that did and those that did not develop SAGN. METHODS: We had 22 culture-proven cases of SAGN from Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (OSUWMC) from 2004 to 2016, 9 of 22 being blood cultures, with archived isolates. These, along with blood culture isolates from 12 patients with no clinical evidence of SAGN (between ages 40 to 80 years) over the same period were used for genotyping. For host demographic comparison, we used all available SAGN cases (n = 85, including those with positive cultures other than blood; and patients with kidney biopsies received from referring hospitals) and all OSUWMC patients with positive Staphylococcus cultures without glomerulonephritis (GN) (n = 23,496). RESULTS: Multiple sequence types (STs) suggesting strain diversity was seen in the GN isolates with mainly clonal complexes (CC) 5 and 59. Mutations in the agr operon were identified in significantly higher number of the GN isolates (83%) than non-GN isolates (16%). Significant differences in β-hemolysis and biofilm formation was also observed between the groups. CONCLUSION: The functionality of these agr mutants remains to be seen, but the presently known effects of reduced agr function, namely increased surface adhesins, biofilm formation, and persistent bacteremia could be important microbial factors predisposing to SAGN and testing for them early during infection could help to predict its development.

MRSA↗
PubMed1987

Protein synthesis, cellular amino acids, and energy levels in CAPD patients.

Cellular energy-related bioactivities [energy charge = ATP + 0.5 ADP/(ATP + ADP + AMP)], enzyme activities adenylate kinase, pyruvate kinase, phosphofructokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, free amino acids in plasma and cells, and protein synthesis (3H-leucine incorporation) were measured in granulocytes isolated from peripheral blood of 13 CAPD-treated adult patients. The values were compared with 37 normal adult controls, 29 of whom had complete data for all biochemical parameters. Eleven of the CAPD patients were studied a second time, 3 to 8 months after the first study. Initially, after 20 +/- 8 months of CAPD compared (P less than 0.05, only) to controls, the patients had normal or increased activities of the enzymes pyruvate kinase, phosphofructokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, in contrast to previous results from hemodialyzed patients; but adenylate kinase, ATP, and protein synthesis were reduced. Concentrations of many amino acids in plasma were abnormal, including reduced valine, leucine, threonine, tryptophan, and tyrosine, as noted by others. Histidine, glutamic acid, and citrulline especially were increased. The intracellular concentrations of the essential amino acids were within normal limits, but citrulline, glycine, and taurine levels were markedly increased while glutamic acid and SAGN (serine + asparagine + glutamine) were decreased. With the second study, intracellular energy-related bioactivities and the abnormal concentrations of the amino acids in plasma were essentially unchanged. However, virtually all the intracellular amino acid concentrations were higher. These results also were in striking contrast to previously reported hemodialysis patients in whom the intracellular concentrations of the branched-chain amino acids and methionine as well as protein synthesis were strikingly decreased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Human ameloblastomas in vitro: light microscopical and ultrastructural observations.

The light microscopical and ultrastructural morphology in vitro of one case each of human plexiform, follicular and acanthomatous ameloblastoma are described. Ultrastructural analysis of cultured tumour cells revealed that the main cell type growing in vitro displayed morphological features typical of columnar cells or preameloblast-like cells of ameloblastomas. Irrespective of histological type all cases showed indistinguishable in vitro light microscopical and ultrastructural morphology. These findings strongly suggest that the columnar cell type accounts for the main proliferative capacity of ameloblastomas in vitro and most likely also in vivo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Transalveolar transplantation of maxillary canines. An alternative to orthodontic treatment in adult patients.

Transalveolar transplantation of 31 maxillary canines in 26 patients was performed. Fixed orthodontic appliances were used for fixation for 6 to 8 weeks. All the transplanted teeth were firmly affixed in the new positions 3 to 6 months postoperatively. Complete bone regeneration and an attached gingiva with a stippled surface buccally and a normal pocket depth were observed 1 to 2 years postoperatively. These positive treatment results indicate that transalveolar transplantation is a useful alternative in the treatment of impacted maxillary canines in selected patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws.

In 431 patients treated for malignant tumors 21 osteoradionecroses (ORN) were diagnosed in 19 patients. The relation of ORN to radiotherapeutic factors and surgical as well as extraction schemes were studied. There was a clear relation to high dose, high CRE and superfraction. Six ORN developed in connection with tooth extraction. The importance of atraumatic extraction is stressed.

Aged↗
PubMed2025

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak in Podor, Northern Senegal in 2022: Two Independent Emergences and Unprecedented Mortality.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a lethal zoonotic disease transmitted through tick bites and contact with infected animals or humans. As CCHF continues to expand worldwide, we report on the first severe outbreak in Senegal (Podor, Saint-Louis region) in 2022. We conducted a comprehensive outbreak investigation after a confirmed CCHF human case in Podor. This included sample collections from humans, animals, and ticks from the household and surrounding area. Human and animal samples were tested by ELISA for antibodies to CCHF virus and by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for CCHF virus RNA, whereas tick samples underwent CCHF RT-PCR only. Positive RT-PCR samples underwent viral genome sequencing for genetic characterization. We determined three CCHF human cases, with two deaths, as well as virus circulation in 11 ticks and in livestock, with an overall seroprevalence of 42.5%. CCHF IgG antibodies were detected in human contact cases, showing its prior prevalence in the area. Phylogenetic analyses revealed high genetic diversity within CCHF genotypes, with existence of reassortants and cocirculation of two different isolates from various origins in Mboyo and Nenette villages, where human cases were detected. The data showed a correlation between the strains identified in humans and ticks in each village, showing two independent emergences in Podor. The outbreak in Podor was probably because of the high abundance of animal hosts in this sylvopastoral area, the diversity of tick populations with the presence of the main CCHF vectors, and the increasing prevalence of CCHF virus. The surveillance in this area needs to be strengthened.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Does ambulatory determination of blood pressure allow the measurement of white coat effect?].

UNLABELLED: The aim was to find an objective indicator in order to evaluate white coat effect (WE). The first hour average values after placing an ambulatory blood pressure recorder (15 mn intervals) were compared to those of the 4 following hours of diurnal activity. A first hour systolic arterial blood pressure (SBP 1H) increase of 10 mmHg or more was considered as an ambulatory WE positive (AWE+) and was compared to clinical WE (CWE). CWE+ was observed in 78 pts and AWE+ in 72 among a group of 172 unselected pts referred for hypertension. RESULTS: the correlation between AWE and CWE is weak (r = 0.49) but significant (p < 0.001). There was no difference between the two groups in age, sex, clinical blood pressure, heart rate or ambulatory BP after the first hour (table). There was a significant difference in SBP between the 2 groups (p < 0.001) during the first hour only. [table: see text] CONCLUSION: Ambulatory blood pressure recording is able to recognize and evaluate the white coat effect. We suggest to consider independently the first hour of each recording and to compare it with the mean pressure measured during the period of diurnal activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Nyctohemeral changes in arterial pressure in hospitalized subjects].

Systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressures (SBP, DBP) were measured in 181 consecutive patients (pts) by non-invasive method (oscillometric recorder SpaceLabs 90202). Hospitalised pts (N = 54) and ambulatory pts (N = 127) did not differ significantly in 24 hrs mean SBP, diurnal SBP, DBP nor heart rate (HR): respectively 132.9 vs 136.1 137.6 vs 138.2 86.2 vs 84.4 mmHg 79.6 vs 77.1 bpm. The circadian variation of HR was identical in the 2 groups. During night (0-6 hr AM) pressures decreased significantly less in hospitalised pts than in outpatients: respectively SBP - 6.4 vs - 17.9 p. cent DBP - 5.7 vs - 17 p. cent SBP day/SBP night ratio 1.06 vs 1.17 (p less than 0.001). This "equalization" was observed since the first day of hospitalisation, even if pts were not restricted to bed (pts in intensive care unit were excluded). It did not depend on age, sex, mean SBP nor antihypertensive treatments. Heart work, as evaluated by HR.SBP product, did not differ significantly during the day in the 2 groups. In hospitalised pts it decreased twice less and remains at a significantly higher level than in outpatients: respectively - 166 vs - 300 906 vs 792 cmHg/min (p less than 0.001). The standard deviation of SBP was significantly correlated with the SBP day/SBP night ratio (r = 0.64 p less than 0.001). The chronology of the circadian variations of HR and SBP are identical, but their amplitude differed in hospitalised pts suggesting that the regulatory mechanisms of HR and SBP are different.

Adult↗