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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Circulating immune complexes. Effects on ocular vascular permeability in the rabbit.

Sudden transient, alteration in vascular permeability is producible in rabbit eyes by intravenous injection of large quantities of antigen, bovine gamma-globulin (BGG), into immunized animals or by intravenous injection of large amounts of antigen-antibody complexes (BGG-antiBGG) prepared in antigen excess (20 to 25times) in normal rabbits. Change is measured by ocular accumulation of iodinated I125 serum albumin, relative to that in heart blood, in intact eyes and separate anatomical compartments, in aqueous, in the anterior eye including (lens plus vitreous), and in the posterior segment. Primarily affected are vessels in the iridial portion of ciliary processess; edema is the primary finding. The same vessels are affected by intravenous injection of bacterial endotoxin, but compared with endotoxin, altered vascular permeability is short-lived and is not associated with formation of platelet plugs and intravenous fibrin strands.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The response of focal ischemic cerebral edema to dexamethasone.

Twenty-four h after permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the cat, the hemispheric swelling due to edema is markedly reduced under treatment with large doses of dexamethasone than is the case with the untreated group. The increase of regional water and sodium content in the MCA territory is less in the dexamethasone treated group, whereas the potassium changes in the ischemic tissue showed only small differences between the two groups. The potassium content of the non-ischemic tissue is slightly increased in the dexamethasone treated animals when comparing with the untreated group. RISA activity in the tissue is increased in the grey and the white matter of both groups. The less marked RISA-131 activity in the cortical grey matter of the treated animals indicates blood-brain barrier damage of a smaller degree due to dexamethasone. These findings indicate a beneficial effect of dexamethasone on local ischemic edema. Regarding our results and the pharmacokinetics of this steroid the dexamethasone loading of a patient has to be in the range of about 100 mg per day for the adult, and has to be started immediately after the onset of a stroke.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of ethanol on plasma protein shedding in the human stomach.

Plasma protein shedding in the stomach was measured in 23 normal individuals before and after intragastric administration of a 30% solution of ethyl alcohol. Two different methods were used to assess plasma protein shedding. The first technique utilizes [131I]albumin and requires neutralization of the gastric juice. It was used in 12 subjects and failed to demonstrate any increase of plasma protein shedding under the influence of ethanol. The second technique which utilizes [51Cr]chloride was used in 11 subjects. It demonstrated a significant increase of the gastric clearance of plasma protein which reached 2.5 times the control values. The [51Cr]chloride technique does not require prior neutralization of gastric acidity. It is concluded that, in normal man, ethanol administration increases plasma protein shedding in the stomach when it is given in the presence of an acid gastric juice. The effect is not observed when the gastric acidity is neutralized.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Experimental immune complex glomerulopathy: immunomorphological aspects and correlations with human disease.

Thirteen rabbits received parenteral injections of human serum albumin (HSA) in regular doses and intervals during 6-32 seeks. The antigen load elicited immune responses of variable degree, giving a good correlation with the extent and quality of immune complex (IMC) deposition, as shown by immunological methods, electron and fluorescence microscopy and by histoautoradiography. Morphology of immune deposits (IMD) depended on the composition of the IMC and produced a continuous scale of glomerular involvement, ranging from minimal and focal to massive and diffuse deposition. Probable rudimentary traces of IMD were apparent in the ultrastructure even in animals with negative results of both immunological and immunfluorescence examinations. The relationships are discussed between experimental IMC-induced glomerulopathy on the one hand, and some problems of development and bioptic evaluation of human glomerulonephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Incorporation of serum albumin into the developing dentine and enamel matrix in the rabbit incisor.

Rabbit serum albumin labeled with 125I was injected into rabbits (650-870 g). The incorporation pattern of the labeled albumin into the developing dentine and enamel matrix was studied 1 h, 6 h, and 3 days after the injection using autoradiography. Silver grains were observed over the predentine 1 h after the injection. They were found over the dentine matrix adjacent to the predentine-dentine junction at 6 h. The silver grain band was concentrated over the internal dentine matrix at 3 days. However, no appreciable amount of the silver grains could be seen over the enamel matrix at any time after the injection. It is possible that there might be some physiological barrier between the extravascular fluid and the enamel matrix. The role of the albumin in dentine is discussed.

Amelogenesis↗
PubMed1976

Radioisotope investigation of continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection.

Radioisotope studies using 131I serum albumin were performed on 20 patients to investigate the possibility of intravascular absorption of the irrigating solution during continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection of the prostate. In only 5 of 20 patients was a minimal absorption of 1 to 34 cc observed. On the basis of these studies the routine use of continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection can be recommended, provided techniques are sterile.

Absorption↗
PubMed1979

Dapsone and severe hypoalbuminaemia. A report of two cases.

Severe hypoalbuminaemia developed in two patients on long-term dapsone treatment for dermatitis herpetiformis. The patients had been treated with dapsone for 3 and 11 years before the syndrome developed and both recovered completely when dapsone was withdrawn. Albumin-turnover studies revealed a great increase in intravascular albumin catabolism and a modest decrease in synthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Postural scintimyelography of the cervical spine (author's transl)].

This study discusses the clinical validity of 101 postural scintimyelograms as a screening method for cervical myelopathy. The RIHSA or Ytterbium isotope-examination are not an extra burden to the patient if the radiopharmacon is introduced into the dural sac following Queckenstedt's test. If there is a normal rise and fall of CSF pressure after bilateral jugular compression and postural scintimyelography is judged normal as well, a cervical subarachnoid obstruction may be excluded. If both examinations yield pathological results an obstructive process in the cervical spinal canal is made certain; and in cases of spondylotic myelopathy a positive contrast myelogrpahy may thus be superfluous. If the results of these two examinations are contradictory then further neuroradiolocal studies are indicated.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMed1978

[The effect of iodine-containing radiographic contrast medium on TSH-TRH-tests (author's transl)].

In the course of an investigation of TRH-tests, 340 TSH-tests were performed in 120 patients before and after the administration of various iodine-containing radiographic contrast media in order to determine a possible effect on the TRH-tests. In addition, the peripheral thyroxin level and RIA-T3 content of the serum was determined. Mean TSH rise following TRH (delta-TSH) showed no significant difference before and after the contrast medium. Individual variations were, however, observed. In view of these results, it is concluded that the TRH-test provides reliable information after iodine exposure.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1976

Plasma volume, intravascular albumin and its transcapillary escape rate in patients with extensive skin disease.

Plasma volume and plasma concentration and transcapillary escape rate of albumin (TER alb), i.e. the fraction of intravascular mass of albumin that passes to the extravascular space per unit time, were determined using 125I-labelled human albumin in eight patients with extensive skin disease. Plasma volume and plasma albumin concentration were reduced (P less than 0-05). Thus the intravascular albumin mass was moderately decreased to an average of 0-55 +/- 0-06 (s.d.) g/cm height compared with a normal mean value of 0-77 +/- 0-07 (s.d.) g/cm. This 29% decrease is statistically significant (P less than 0-001). The transcapillary escape rate of albumin (TER alb) was significantly elevated, mean 8-6 +/- 1-1 (s.d.) % X h-1, as compared to normal subjects, mean 5-6 +/- 1-1 (s.d.) % X h-1, (+54%, P less than 0-001). The same patients were studied again after a 1-week treatment with prednisone, 25-60 mg per day. Plasma albumin concentration, plasma volume and intravascular mass of albumin were unchanged, while TER alb decreased significantly during treatment, mean 5-9 +/- 0-8 (s.d.) % X h-1, (P less than 0-01). It is suggested that displacement of albumin into the skin and loss of albumin from the skin are the dominating mechanisms of the reduction in the intravascular albumin mass in patients with extensive skin disease.

Aged↗