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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1970

Studies on the serological relationships between avian pox, sheep pox, goat pox and vaccinia viruses.

By using neutralization, complement fixation and immunogel-diffusion tests, it has been demonstrated that cross-reactions occur between various avian pox viruses and between sheep pox and goat pox viruses. No such reactions were demonstrated between avian pox viruses and vaccinia virus or between avian pox and sheep pox and goat pox viruses. Furthermore, no serological relationship was demonstrable between vaccinia virus and sheep pox and goat pox viruses.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Vaccines for lumpy skin disease, sheep pox and goat pox.

Sheep pox, goat pox and lumpy skin disease (Neethling) are diseases of sheep, goats and cattle respectively, caused by strains of poxvirus, within the genus Capripoxvirus. Strains affecting sheep and goats are not totally host-specific; some cause disease in both sheep and goats while others may cause disease in only one species. Those causing disease in cattle appear to be specific for cattle, and this is reflected in the different geographical distribution of lumpy skin disease (LSD) and sheep pox and goat pox (sheep and goat pox); LSD is confined to Africa, while sheep and goat pox are present in Africa north of the equator, and throughout West Asia and India, as far East as China and Bangladesh. Occasionally sheep and goat pox spreads from Turkey into Greece. All strains of capripoxvirus so far examined are antigenically indistinguishable, and recovery from infection with one strain provides immunity against all other strains. Because of this antigenic homology among all strains, there is the potential to use a single vaccine strain to protect cattle, sheep and goats.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

A comprehensive review of goat pox and sheep pox and their diagnosis.

Sheep and goats occupy a premier place in the livestock industry and contribute significantly to the world economy. Their populations are threatened by a number of health hazards, among the most notable of which are goat pox and sheep pox. These diseases inflict substantial losses in terms of reduced productivity and lower quality of wool and leather. They pose a major obstacle to the intensive rearing of sheep and goats and considerably hamper international trade. A comprehensive knowledge of goat pox and sheep pox would help in the diagnosis, prevention and control as well as the management of these diseases in a proper and effective manner. Although the two diseases are easily identified from the clinical signs and host species affected, laboratory tests are needed for confirmation. A battery of simple but highly efficient diagnostic methods and reagents is available for goat pox and sheep pox. However, the best way to control these diseases is the prophylactic immunization of all susceptible animals with a potent and efficacious vaccine, especially in areas where these diseases are endemic.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

An outbreak of sheep pox on a sheep breeding farm in Jammu, India.

An outbreak of sheep pox occurred in December 2001 on a sheep breeding farm in Jammu, India. The farm maintains three exotic breeds of sheep, i.e. American Merino, Rambouillet and Australian cross. The disease agent was confirmed as sheep pox virus by clinical and post-mortem examination as well as laboratory testing. Typical pock lesions were dispersed over the body of the affected animals with nodular lesions observed in the lung tissue of the dead animals. Sheep pox virus antigen and antibody were detected in infected tissue and convalescent sera, respectively, with serological tests. Viral deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from the infected tissue and amplified using a diagnostic polymerase chain reaction. Sheep of the Rambouillet breed were found to be most susceptible to infection with morbidity and mortality rates of 26.9% and 8.3%, respectively. Morbidity and mortality rates in the entire flock were 18.4% and 6.3%, respectively. The grazing and migration pattern indicates that the disease was probably introduced to the farm by local sheep.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

The current status of sheep pox disease.

Sheep are the moving banks of shepherds and their economic contribution in terms of meat, wool and skin/hide is immense. Various infectious diseases jeopardize the optimum productivity; among which sheep pox is more important as the disease restricts the export of sheep and their products besides other economic losses. Although, clinical signs are indicative of the disease but a laboratory confirmation is necessary for unequivocal diagnosis and studying epidemiology. The causative agent, sheep pox virus (SPV), is antigenically and genetically closely related to goat pox virus (GPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), the other members of the genus capripox virus. In some countries, SPV and GPV are cross infective to small ruminants posing problem in diagnosis and epidemiology. However, recent studies have showed that the viruses are phylogenetically distinct and can be differentiated by molecular tools. Prophylaxis using attenuated vaccines is the choice of control measure as the immunity is long lasting. Detailed information on isolation, identification, pathology, epidemiology, diagnosis and prophylaxis would not only help in updating the knowledge of scientific fraternity but will be useful to the policy makers in order to formulate appropriate measures for control and eradication of the disease. This synthesis is to present an up-to-date review of the disease and its control to provide the reader with an overview of the problem.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A comparison of genomes of sheep pox virus isolates.

Sheep pox virus DNAs from field isolates and vaccine strains were analysed by digestion with the restriction enzymes PstI and Bam HI. The restriction profiles generated by these enzymes show very close relationship between isolates from different geographical regions. The patterns of isolates can be grouped by the animal of origin (e.g. a cattle pox isolate can be differentiated from sheep pox isolate). The molecular weights of the genomes of different isolates varied from 91 to 94 MDa. The restriction enzyme patterns can be used as a molecular epidemiological tool for differentiating field and vaccine isolates.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Epidemiology of sheep pox in Algeria].

Sheep pox constitutes a major animal health problem in Algeria, despite the implementation of various national control campaigns over several decades. On the basis of epidemiological data provided by the Veterinary Services of Algeria from 1984 to 1997, the authors performed a statistical survey to determine possible correlations between factors responsible for the persistence of sheep pox, in particular seasonal and climatic variables. The authors propose an explanation for the variations observed and recommend a control programme which would be more appropriate to the agro-pastoral and bioclimatic conditions of the country.

Algeria↗
PubMed1979

A new freeze-dried living virus vaccine against sheep-pox.

A sheep-pox virus strain has been adapted and multiplied in primary lamb kidney cell cultures. The main characteristics of the strain have been verified in vitro after clones were isolated, and the results confirmed its identity. The safety and the potency of the strain have been investigated in sheep. The inoculation of the strain to sheep was followed by a post-vaccinal reaction materialised by a nodule at the site of inoculation and an increase of temperature by about 1 degree C. No reactions adversely affecting pregnancy have been noted. Immunisation was demonstrated by an increase in the level of neutralising serous antibodies and protection against the pathogenic virus. The immunity tended to decrease during the second year after primovaccination and a yearly booster vaccination appeared to be necessary. Primovaccination of lambs over 2 months of age produced a better immunity, especially when the lambs were born from vaccinated ewes. This strain forms the active principle of a freeze-dried vaccine containing no adjuvant of the immunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Antigenic relationships among sheep pox, goat pox and contagious pustular dermatitis viruses.

Antigenic relationships among sheep pox, goat pox and contagious pustular dermatitis (CPD) viruses were determined by serological techniques using soluble antigens partially purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Homologous antigen-antibody reactions were characterized by the presence of 7 precipitation lines with sheep pox and of 5 ones each with goat pox and CPD viruses. The nature of cross-reactions of sheep pox, goat pox and CPD virus soluble antigens with corresponding sera suggested that sheep pox virus shared 3 soluble antigenic components with goat pox and either 3 or 4 ones with CPD virus. Goat pox virus shared either 2 or 3 soluble antigenic components with CPD virus. Cross-neutralization tests revealed an one-way cross of goat pox virus with sheep pox and CPD viruses, respectively. The results showed that the 3 viruses in question share common soluble antigenic components.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed2004

A classical live attenuated vaccine for sheep pox.

A classical live attenuated sheep pox vaccine was prepared using the Ranipet strain of sheep pox virus (SPV) at the 50th passage in a secondary lamb testicular cell system. The TCID50 and RD50 were 10(9.63)/ml and 10(9.51)/ml. respectively. The SID50 of SPV challenge virus was 10(5)/ml. The vaccine was found to have no adverse effects in laboratory animals, and was safe and effective in SPV seronegative lambs. In the field, 660 sheep were vaccinated with an immunizing dose containing 1 x 10(2) TCID50. Randomly selected vaccinated sheep mounted good cell-mediated immunity and humoral responses as measured by glucose utilization test and serum neutralization test, respectively, for the study period of 6 months.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Epidemiology of sheep pox.

An outbreak of sheep pox in a flock of 2,191 purebred indigenous sheep and their crosses with exotic European sheep had a course of 18 weeks. The peak incidence and mortality occurred 5 weeks after the onset of the epidemic. The morbidity was highest in the purebred and crossbred lambs and crossbred hoggets. The mortality rate and case fatality rate were highest in the crossbred hoggets.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Identification and size variation of terminal fragments of sheep pox virus genome.

Terminal fragments of sheep pox virus DNA identified by snap-back analysis showed terminal covalent cross-links. Southern blot hybridization using a terminal fragment probe confirmed the termini and terminal repeats (common sequences) of the sheep pox virus genome. Terminal fragment length variability was observed between virus isolates.

Animals↗