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Results for “Safety Management”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty: safety managements and causes of failure].

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty operations on 250 patients were reported. The safety managements and failing causes of UPPP were discussed. Safety managements included 5 aspects: 1. using-local anesthesia rather than general anesthesia; 2. intraoperative monitor ECG, blood pressure and oxygen saturation; 3. tracheotomy should be performed in the severe cases before UPPP; 4. preoperative physician consultation if patients complicated with cardiopulmonary problems; 5. separated nasal and UPPP operations into two stages. Failing causes included 4 aspects: 1. improper indication; 2. polyplace obstruction, specially hypopharyngeal obstruction; 3. postoperative local hemorrhage and infection; 4. the experience and the skill of the surgeon.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Process safety management: resources from the American Institute of Chemical Engineers for use by industrial hygienists.

Industrial hygienists often work closely with engineers to control occupational safety and health hazards. This working relationship involves an educational process in which both engineers and industrial hygienists learn from one another. The Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) is expanding the opportunity for interdisciplinary cooperation and education by producing a series of guidelines publications on the technical and scientific issues critical to preventing and mitigating major releases of toxic materials. Examples of these guidelines include Hazard Evaluation Procedures; Technical Management of Chemical Process Safety; Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis; and Safe Storage and Handling of Highly Toxic Hazardous Materials. Additional topics are addressed in the 8 guidelines in print and the 15 others in preparation. Several guidelines contain specific examples that illustrate how industrial hygienists, engineers, and other readers can use the guidelines to help address chemical process safety problems. Another CCPS activity involves an effort to include an awareness of health, safety, and loss prevention as an integral part of undergraduate chemical engineering education. For practicing engineers and industrial hygienists, a number of continuing education courses on topics such as process hazard analysis, process risk assessment, and process safety are offered by the AIChE. All of these resources are particularly timely in light of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's recently enacted rule on Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1986

The analysis of hazards and the hazards of analysis: reflections on air traffic safety management.

The justification of investments in air traffic control systems has typically been based on risk-benefit analyses of the safety of air traffic. But the lack of empirical evidence concerning collisions between aircraft, and the problems of very small numbers make risk analysis inadequate. The pitfalls of risk analysis are discussed in this paper. A framework for safety analysis is proposed where safety is to be assured rather than traded off in the economic sense against other expenditures on the system. The trade-off in the analysis of large investments on control technologies should be between economy and efficiency and should no include safety.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1989

Road safety management: interviewing casualties.

Riders of powered two-wheeled vehicles injured whilst riding their machines were interviewed either at hospital or at home in order to supplement data already held from police records. Of those 70 casualties interviewed, 49 (70%) were not known to the police via their Stats 19 records. Of these 49, 17 (35%) were classified as serious in accordance with Department of Transport criteria. The paper considers the management implications and methodological requirements needed to cope with under-reporting and obtaining supplementary data within an operational setting.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1997

Strategy for health and safety management at an automobile company--from the prevention of low back pain to Toyota's Verification of Assembly Line (TVAL).

This paper reports on a strategy to improve and renovate assembly lines, including countermeasures to prevent low back pain during the past two decades at Toyota Motor Co. Since 1975, there have been problems with low back pain at Toyota's vehicle assembly lines. To deal with these low back pain problems, it was necessary to determine their causes and to quantitatively evaluate the burden on workers. For this purpose, functional burden indexes were developed, that is, a posture burden point and a weight burden point were determined to assess the load on the low back, and a low extremity point and a squatting posture point were determined to assess the burden on the leg. The functional burden index, however, could be applied only to specific human functions, not to human functions in general. Since there are about 400 kinds of working patterns in vehicle assembly lines, comprehensive burden index was required to estimate overall burden of such work. Thus, we developed Toyota's Verification of Assembly Line (TVAL), an index for assessing the physiological stress of an assembly line work, in which an equivalent bicycle ergometer workload is calculated from electromyograms taken of 20 different muscles under actual working conditions. At present, TVAL is used to measure physiological burden of assembly work in order to give priority to improvements, and to objectively demonstrate the effects of such improvements at Toyota.

Algorithms↗